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1、專專題題導導讀讀真真題題典典例例新新題題預預測測返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解科普類文章主要包括自然科學類、前沿科技發(fā)明類和科普類文章主要包括自然科學類、前沿科技發(fā)明類和醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生類，其取材密切聯(lián)系當前經(jīng)濟和科技等方面的變醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生類，其取材密切聯(lián)系當前經(jīng)濟和科技等方面的變化，以介紹某一科學現(xiàn)象居多?？破疹愇恼戮哂薪Y(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹、化，以介紹某一科學現(xiàn)象居多。科普類文章具有結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹、邏輯性強等特點。其主要命題形式有細節(jié)理解題、詞義猜邏輯性強等特點。其主要命題形式有細節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測題、推理判斷題以及主旨大意題等，其中推理判斷題居測題、推理判斷題以及主旨大意題等，

2、其中推理判斷題居多。多。從詞匯角度來看，在科普類文章中，詞匯的意義比從詞匯角度來看，在科普類文章中，詞匯的意義比較專一、穩(wěn)定、簡明、不帶感情色彩，具有單一性和準確較專一、穩(wěn)定、簡明、不帶感情色彩，具有單一性和準確性的特點。從語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面看，句子結(jié)構(gòu)較復雜，性的特點。從語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面看，句子結(jié)構(gòu)較復雜，長難句較多，語法分析較困難。文章中常用被動語態(tài)、定長難句較多，語法分析較困難。文章中常用被動語態(tài)、定語從句等。語從句等。返回目錄返回目錄專專題題導導讀讀科普文常用的修辭手段有：科普文常用的修辭手段有：(1)下定義。有時為了突出下定義。有時為了突出事物的主要內(nèi)容或主要問題，往往用簡明扼要的

3、話給對象事物的主要內(nèi)容或主要問題，往往用簡明扼要的話給對象一個說法，使讀者對被說明的對象有明確的概念。一個說法，使讀者對被說明的對象有明確的概念。(2)舉事舉事例。舉出有代表性的恰當?shù)睦樱軌蚍从骋话愕那闆r，例。舉出有代表性的恰當?shù)睦?，能夠反映一般的情況，真切地說明事物特征。真切地說明事物特征。(3)做比較。選擇有外部或內(nèi)部聯(lián)系做比較。選擇有外部或內(nèi)部聯(lián)系的事物進行比較，往往能增強說明事物的效果。的事物進行比較，往往能增強說明事物的效果。(4)打比方。打比方。適當運用比喻，能夠增強說明的形象性和生動性。科普說適當運用比喻，能夠增強說明的形象性和生動性?？破照f明文在結(jié)構(gòu)上常采用的寫作方法有：

4、明文在結(jié)構(gòu)上常采用的寫作方法有：(1)總分式。在說明事總分式。在說明事物或事理時，段落物或事理時，段落(層次層次)之間有一個總分關(guān)系，表現(xiàn)為由之間有一個總分關(guān)系，表現(xiàn)為由總到分、由分到總?？偟椒?、由分到總。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解專專題題導導讀讀(2)承接式。各層之間按照事物的發(fā)展過程，或者按時承接式。各層之間按照事物的發(fā)展過程，或者按時間、因果、條件等關(guān)系安排，前后相互承接。間、因果、條件等關(guān)系安排，前后相互承接。(3)遞進式。遞進式。后邊在前邊的基礎(chǔ)上進一步說明，各層之間的關(guān)系是由淺后邊在前邊的基礎(chǔ)上進一步說明，各層之間的關(guān)系是由淺入深。文章

5、的命題除了遵循科普閱讀的命題方式外，還經(jīng)入深。文章的命題除了遵循科普閱讀的命題方式外，還經(jīng)常考查文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和修辭手法。常考查文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和修辭手法。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解專專題題導導讀讀返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例2014北京卷北京卷 Choosing the right resolution(決定決定)Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with,a goal o

6、f losing weight.However,setting weight lose as a goal is a mistake.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例To reach our goal of losing weightthe output,we need to control what we eatthe input(輸入輸入).That is,we tend to care about the output but not to control the input.This is a bad way to constru

7、ct goals.The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input.Instead of resolving to lose weight,try an actionable resolution：“Ill stop having dessert for lunch，”or“Ill walk every day for 20 minutes.”Creating a goal that focuses on a wellspecified input will likely be more effective than concen

8、trating on the outcome.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例Recently a new science behind incentives(激勵激勵),including in education,has been discussed.For example,researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school.In some cases,he gave students i

9、ncentives based on input,like reading certain books,while in others,the incentives were based on output,like results on exams.His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例Fryers concl

10、usion was that the incentives for inputs might be more effective because students do not know how to do better on an exam,aside from general rules like“study harder”.Reading certain books,on the other hand,is a wellset task over which they have much more control.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真

11、真題題典典例例As long as you have direct control over your goal,you have a much higher chance of success.And its easier to start again if you fail,because you know exactly what you need to do.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例If you want to cut down on your spending,a good goal would be making mo

12、rning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe,for example.This is a wellspecified actionbased goal for which you can measure your success easily.Spending less money isnt a goal because its too general.Similarly,if you want to spend more time with your family,dont stop with this general wish.Think

13、about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to,like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run,these new goals could become a habit.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例1The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _.Ait is hard to achieve f

14、or most AmericansBit is focused too much on the resultCit is dependent on too many thingsDit is based on actionable decisions2In Roland Fryers research,some students did better than the others because _.Athey obeyed all the general rulesBthey paid more attention to examsCthey were motivated by their

15、 classmatesDthey were rewarded for reading some books返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例3According to the writer,which of the following statements is a good goal?A“Ill give up dessert.”B“Ill study harder.”C“Ill cut down my expenses.”D“Ill spend more time with my family.”返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普

16、知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例4The writer strongly believes that we should _.Adevelop good habits and focus on the outcomeBbe optimistic about final goals and stick to themCpick specific actions that can be turned into good habitsDset ambitious goals that can balance the input and output返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五

17、科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例【文章大意】【文章大意】本文是一篇科普類文章，從本文是一篇科普類文章，從2014年美國年美國人的減肥計劃開始，一直談到減肥成功的關(guān)鍵。由此，人的減肥計劃開始，一直談到減肥成功的關(guān)鍵。由此，作者引出作者引出Roland Fryer做的一項實驗，該實驗表明，當做的一項實驗，該實驗表明，當關(guān)注輸入關(guān)注輸入(開始開始)時，激勵才發(fā)生作用。要想達到目標，時，激勵才發(fā)生作用。要想達到目標，必須重視目標，而不是根據(jù)結(jié)果調(diào)整行動。必須重視目標，而不是根據(jù)結(jié)果調(diào)整行動。1B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“we tend to care

18、 about the output but not to control the input.”和和“concentrating on the outcome.”可知我們失敗或可知我們失敗或錯誤的根據(jù)是因為過分關(guān)注結(jié)果。錯誤的根據(jù)是因為過分關(guān)注結(jié)果。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例2D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的內(nèi)容可知細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的內(nèi)容可知Roland Fryer把把input(即閱讀即閱讀)和和output(考試結(jié)果考試結(jié)果)作為作為兩種激勵變量，得到的結(jié)果是兩種激勵變量，得到的結(jié)果是input的效果好于的效果好于out

19、put。獎勵他們讀書是有效的。故選獎勵他們讀書是有效的。故選D。3A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，“l(fā)osing weight”“”“results on exams”“”“study harder”“”“cut down on your spending”“”“spend more time with your family”都強調(diào)結(jié)果，是太泛泛的目標，不易獲取成都強調(diào)結(jié)果，是太泛泛的目標，不易獲取成功；而功；而“control what we eat”“”“stop having dessert”“”“walk every day”“”“making morn

20、ing coffee at home”“”“a family movie night”等強調(diào)行動，是一等強調(diào)行動，是一種輸入，所以更容易成功。故選種輸入，所以更容易成功。故選A。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解真真題題典典例例4C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to,like a family movie night every Wednesday.”可知作者建議我們能夠采納也能夠堅持

21、的行動習慣?？芍髡呓ㄗh我們能夠采納也能夠堅持的行動習慣。也就是說作者認為我們要采取一些能夠成為習慣的行也就是說作者認為我們要采取一些能夠成為習慣的行動。故動。故C正確。正確。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測(一一)People in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver.Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida,Nevada and

22、 California.They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road.The hightech company Google has a number of selfdrive cars,which had covered 480，000 kilometres by August.Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2020.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五

23、科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測 In September,California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.“Today were looking at science fiction becoming tomorrows realitythe driverless car.”The technology for these cars includes cameras,radar and motion sensors.Th

24、e systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the US government agency DARPA.Engineer Richard Mason of the RAND Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測“Cars have become much more fuelefficient,and new elect

25、ronic features are making Hondas safer，”said Angie Nucci of Honda America.“A camera on the passengerside mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.”O(jiān)ther safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars.These systems help drivers,but

26、dont replace them.Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測“By taking out drivers,you also remove most risks of an accident，”Kendall said.He said consumers,however,may be unwilling to lose

27、control.“It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable,but it will have to prove itself first.”Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is cutting down the cost for driverless vehicles from thousands of dollars to something more affordab

28、le.He said this will happen as the technology is improved.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測1What can we learn from Paragraph 1?ADriverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.BVolvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.CDriverless cars are pointing us a faraway future.DGoogles se

29、lfdrive cars have covered a long distance.2We learn that California Governor Jerry Brown_.Ahelped design selfdrive carsBsupports selfdrive cars on the roadsCconsiders selfdrive cars science fictionDimproved the selfdrive car systems返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測3What is the role of the

30、 systems mentioned in Paragraph 3?AThey can help people drive more safely.BThey can take the place of drivers now.CThey can make cars run without fuel.DThey can help cars run much faster.4According to Richard Mason,what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?AThey are not allowed to run on the

31、 roads.BTheir technical problems remain to be solved.CThey are now too expensive for consumers.DThey are more dangerous for people on the streets.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測【文章大意】【文章大意】本文介紹了無人駕駛汽車已經(jīng)經(jīng)過研發(fā)本文介紹了無人駕駛汽車已經(jīng)經(jīng)過研發(fā)階段，現(xiàn)在正在試用階段，在不久的將來無人駕駛汽階段，現(xiàn)在正在試用階段，在不久的將來無人駕駛汽車將不是科幻而成為現(xiàn)實。本文還介紹了

32、這些汽車的車將不是科幻而成為現(xiàn)實。本文還介紹了這些汽車的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和有待改進的地方。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和有待改進的地方。1D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The hightech company Google has a number of selfdrive cars,which had covered 480，000 kilometres by August.”可知，可知，谷歌的無人駕駛汽車已經(jīng)可以開很長距離，故選谷歌的無人駕駛汽車已經(jīng)可以開很長距離，故選D項。項。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測2 B 細 節(jié) 理 解 題。根

33、 據(jù) 文 章 第 二 段 的 細 節(jié) 理 解 題。根 據(jù) 文 章 第 二 段 的“I n September,California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.”可知，加利福尼亞的州長可知，加利福尼亞的州長Jerry Brown支持無人支持無人駕駛汽車上路，故選駕駛汽車上路，故選B項。項。3A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“A camera on the passengerside mirror actually en

34、gaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars.”可知，這些系統(tǒng)的作用是可知，這些系統(tǒng)的作用是它們可以幫助人們更安全地駕駛，故選它們可以幫助人們更安全地駕駛，故選A項。項。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測4C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Mason said the t

35、echnology already works and the biggest challenge now is cutting down the cost for driverless vehicles from thousands of dollars to something more affordable.”可知，可知，Richard Mason認為無人駕駛汽車認為無人駕駛汽車最大的挑戰(zhàn)是它們現(xiàn)在對消費者來說太貴了，故選最大的挑戰(zhàn)是它們現(xiàn)在對消費者來說太貴了，故選C項。項。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測(二二)Can nonco

36、mbustion(非燃燒非燃燒)technology create a nopollution way to drive？Imagine pulling into a service station to fuel up your car.But not at the gas pump or electric battery chargerat the air pump!Thats not hot air,either!The next generation of cars may run on thin air.Wouldnt that be an incredible way to cut

37、 both pollution and dependence on foreign oil?返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測If youve ever inflated a balloon and then let it go,youve got the basics to testdrive the amazing MiniCAT,currently being developed by Moteur Development International(MDI),headquartered in Luxembourg.Invented

38、by Formula One racing car designer Guy Negre,this experimental vehicle is unlike any car youve ever seen.While your familys traditional car or SUV draws its horsepower using combustion,the only fuel that MiniCAT needs(CAT stands for Compressed Air Technology)is the air we breathe.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科

39、普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測Start with about 25，000 gallons of air.Now,press it all into a space smaller than your school lockerbecause thats the size of two superstrong,highpressure air tanks,made from fibre and fixed beneath the air car.Confining that much air inside those small tanks generates an in

40、ternal pressure of over 4，000 pounds per square inch.Thats over 300 times normal air pressure.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測When this cold and highpressure air enters MiniCATs unique engine,it interacts(交互作用交互作用)with warmer air to create pressure waves that pump the engines engineered

41、pistons(活塞活塞)to move the car.MiniCATs projected top speed is 60 miles per hour,with a range of 120 miles on a full air supply.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測5What is the passage mainly about?AWays to cut down air pollution.BCars that run on thin air.CFormula One racing car designer.DDep

42、endence on foreign oil.6What is MiniCAT according to the passage?AThe name of a car.BThe name of a balloon.CThe name of a car company.DThe name of a car designer.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測7The underlined word“Confining”in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by“_”AKeeping BPreventing CPushi

43、ng DRunning8What does the last paragraph tell us?AHow much pressure the air creates.BHow the car works.CWhat the normal air pressure is.DHow the air gets into the engine.返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測【文章大意】【文章大意】本文介紹了一種靠空氣行駛的汽車，通本文介紹了一種靠空氣行駛的汽車，通過介紹這種汽車的工作原理，讀者可以看出這種汽車過介紹這種汽車的工作原理，讀者可以

44、看出這種汽車完全不需要污染嚴重的燃油，不會對環(huán)境造成污染。完全不需要污染嚴重的燃油，不會對環(huán)境造成污染。5B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The next generation of cars may run on thin air.Wouldnt that be an incredible way to cut both pollution and dependence on foreign oil？”可知，這篇文章主要講可知，這篇文章主要講的是靠空氣行駛的汽車，故選的是靠空氣行駛的汽車，故選B項。項。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理

45、解新新題題預預測測6A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Invented by Formula One racing car designer Guy Negre,this experimental vehicle is unlike any car youve ever seen.”可知，可知，MiniCAT是汽車的名字，故選是汽車的名字，故選A項。項。7 A 詞 義 猜 測 題。根 據(jù) 文 章 第 四 段 第 一 句 詞 義 猜 測 題。根 據(jù) 文 章 第 四 段 第 一 句“Confining that much air inside those small ta

46、nks generates an internal pressure of over 4，000 pounds per square inch.”可知，這么多的空氣保持在那些小可知，這么多的空氣保持在那些小的箱子里面會產(chǎn)生每平方英寸的箱子里面會產(chǎn)生每平方英寸4000磅的壓力，所以磅的壓力，所以confine是是“維持維持”的意思，故選的意思，故選A項。項。返回目錄返回目錄專題二十五專題二十五科普知識型閱讀理解科普知識型閱讀理解新新題題預預測測8B段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“When this cold and highpressure air enters MiniC

47、ATs unique engine,it interacts(交互作用交互作用)with warmer air to create pressure waves that pump the engines engineered pistons(活塞活塞)to move the car.”可知，最后一段講的可知，最后一段講的是這種汽車的工作原理，故選是這種汽車的工作原理，故選B項。項。返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題Grey hair is simply a part of the normal aging process,and the rate you go silver is ge

48、netically predetermined.Going grey is not associated with earlier death,and premature greying is not,generally speaking,a sign of an illness or ill health in younger adults.There are,however,some specific health conditions associated with grey or white hair,but for most of us,going grey is just a fa

49、ct of life.返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題Hair colour comes from the pigment melanin(黑色素黑色素),which determines your individual shade.Hair without any melanin is pure white.The pigment is produced in cells called melanocytes,which inject pigment into the hair.At some point in everyones lifetime,these cells slow

50、down and eventually stop producing colour.Scientists have yet to identify the exact mechanism by which melanocyte cells death occurs.返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題A study of more than 4，000 women and men from 20 countries determined that about 75%of people between the ages of 45 and 65 have some grey hair.In

51、general,people of European descent grey earliest followed by Asians and Africans.Its interesting to note that a lucky 1 in 10 has no grey hair by retirement age.Beginning at age 30,your chances of having grey hair go up 10%20%per decade.返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題It may feel like you have more greys after

52、a stressful event,but thats probably because middle age is basically a series of anxietyridden events.Between working,raising kids,and caring for older parents,the“sandwich”years of 4565 can be stressful,especially for women.They are also stressful when they naturally start to look older.At this poi

53、nt,there is still no silver_bullet to keep away the greys.返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題1What would be the best title for this passage?AGoing greyBTips to make hair colour lastCWhy does hair turn greyDGrey hair is in fashion返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題2Which of the following is a TRUE statement according to the passa

54、ge?AScientists have found out how to prevent hair from turning grey.BEuropeans are more likely to grey than Asians and Africans.CGrey hair means poor health or a sign of illness.DEveryone will inevitably get grey hair by retirement age.返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題3Which is not among the reasons for hair tur

55、ning grey according to the passage?ABeing physically weak.BStress from different sides.CDeath of melanocyte cells.DGenetic factors.4What does“silver bullet”in the last paragraph probably mean?AMakeup.BScientific research.CChemical weapon.DCure.返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題【文章大意】【文章大意】本文介紹了為什么人的頭發(fā)會變白。這本文介紹了為什

56、么人的頭發(fā)會變白。這是自然老化的過程，與基因有關(guān)，還和黑色素分泌的是自然老化的過程，與基因有關(guān)，還和黑色素分泌的多少有關(guān)，黑色素越少，頭發(fā)越白。通過研究多少有關(guān)，黑色素越少，頭發(fā)越白。通過研究20個國個國家的家的4000多名男性和女性可知，有年齡原因也有地域多名男性和女性可知，有年齡原因也有地域原因。生活壓力大也是原因之一。原因。生活壓力大也是原因之一。1C主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文尤其是文章的第一句可主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文尤其是文章的第一句可知，本文講的是頭發(fā)變白的原因，故選知，本文講的是頭發(fā)變白的原因，故選C項。項。2B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“In general,peo

57、ple of European descent grey earliest followed by Asians and Africans.”可知，歐洲人早于亞洲人和非可知，歐洲人早于亞洲人和非洲人頭發(fā)變白，故選洲人頭發(fā)變白，故選B項。項。返回目錄返回目錄教師備用習題教師備用習題3A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，白發(fā)是細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，白發(fā)是一個正常老化的過程，頭發(fā)變白是由基因已經(jīng)決定了一個正常老化的過程，頭發(fā)變白是由基因已經(jīng)決定了的事，與早亡無關(guān)，而且少白頭也不是生病或者身體的事，與早亡無關(guān)，而且少白頭也不是生病或者身體不舒服的標志，故選不舒服的標志，故選A項。項。4D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，人詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，人在在45歲到歲到65歲之間壓力很大，尤其是婦女，還有自然歲之間壓力很大，尤其是婦女，還有自然老化問題，故選老化問題，故選D項項(治愈治愈)。