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111 2013年高考英語詞匯檢測(cè)系列 模塊五 Unit 2 The environment（與譯林牛津新版教材配套，教師版） 一、詞義配對(duì) A 1. consultant A. connected with environment 2. duty B. a person who speaks on behalf of a group or an organization 3. greedy C. responsibility, obligation 4. businessman D. a person who works in business, especially at a high level 5. belief E. in its natural state; not yet changed into sth else 6. environmental F. an expert who gives advice 7. operate G. to work in a particular way or from a particular place 8. credit H. an argument or discussion expressing different opinions 9. seafood I. praise because you are responsible for sth good that has happened 10. debate J. wanting more money, power, food etc. than you really need 11. spokeswoman K. fish and sea creatures that can be eaten 12. recycle L. money that you have to pay the government for public services 13. raw M. a strong feeling that sth/sb. exists or is true 14. tax N. take sth back and use it again 1 F 2 C 3 J 4 D 5 M 6 A 7 G 8 I 9 K 10 H 11 B 12 N 13 E 14 L B 1. illegally A. an official action that is done to achieve a particular aim 2. feather B. to hit your open hands together to show that you agree to or enjoy sth. 3. fence C. the soft light parts covering a bird’s body 4. decrease D. to make a hole in sth. 5. blanket E. used when speaking to a woman in a formal situation 6. soil F. become smaller in size, number, etc. 7. measure G. not allowed by the law 8. crop H. the top layer of the earth where plants, trees, etc. grow 9. madam I. a plant that is grown in large quantities, especially as food 10. queue J. a large cover, often made of wool, to keep people warm 11. clap K. a situation involved in a serious disagreement or argument 12. arrival L. an act of coming or being brought to a place 13. drill M. a wooden structure around a garden or yard 14. conflict N. a line of people waiting for sth. or to do sth. 1 G 2 C 3 M 4 F 5 J 6 H 7 A 8 I 9 E 10 N 11 B 12 L 13 D 14 K C 1.conservation A. a period of ten years 2.climate B. eat, drink or use sth. 3.electrical C. a machine that makes sth. move 4.consume D. recognize with gratitude; be grateful for 5.decade E. an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control 6.engine F. take in sth., understand or be paid much attention to 7.range G. relating to or concerned with power that comes through wires 8.appreciate H. one only and not any other 9.absorb I. the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources 10.particular J. the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time 1.I 2. J 3.G 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.E 8.D 9.F 10.H 二、根據(jù)句意和首字母提示寫出所缺單詞的完全形式 1.He is a c on law affairs to the mayor. 2.She is g and selfish and you’d better make friends with her. 3.All rivers f into the sea. 4.R waste materials is a way of reducing pollution. 5.The rumour is beyond b and only a child believe it is true. 6.The sudden a of guests forced her to change her plans. 7.Your statement is in c with the rest of the evidence. 8.I was very i by one young man at my lectures 9.Use a ruler to m the width of that cloth. 10. I'd a it if you would open the window for me. 11.The present e climate works against the smaller companies. 12.The United Nations Security Council will d the issue today. 13.He doesn’t have a sense of r____________ , so he isn’t popular with his classmates. 14.It is not easy to ban i_________ hunting in some mountainous areas. 15.The workmen want to d the number of working hours and increase pay. 16.He once worked in a power p_________ for 24 years, but now he just stayed at home. 17.The c_________ here agrees with me, for it is neither hot nor cold. 18.Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the last two d___________. 19.If I may refer back to the problem we discussed, I think we shall stress on the c________ of our natural resource. 20.Her children's ages r from three to eighteen. 三、譯出下列詞組（英譯漢） 英語 漢語 英語 漢語 open the floor 自由發(fā)言 use up/run out (of) 用盡；用完；耗盡 cut back on production 削減產(chǎn)量 upon the arrival of spring 春天一來 be concerned about 對(duì)……關(guān)心 take steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事 at the same time 同時(shí) pick out 挑出，辨認(rèn)出 clean up 打掃（清除）干凈 raise concern 引起關(guān)注 be bad for 對(duì)有害 put… in danger 置……于危險(xiǎn)中 queue up 排隊(duì)等候 in/with regard to 關(guān)于 raw materials 原材料 blame … on… 將……歸咎于…… under way 進(jìn)行中 let off 排放，使（炸藥等）爆炸 in particular 特別 do one’s part 盡某人的職責(zé) 四、從上述表格中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~組填空 1.In case you were to money? What would you do? 2.His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone . 3.It is very difficult for you to the person among the large crowd you wanted to find. 4.Every day I have to at the bus stop to go to work. 5.The students take turns to their classroom. 6.A major search is to find the escaped prisoners. 7.We should not ourselves by any improper behavior. 8.A lot of people had fireworks to celebrate the festival. 9.If we cannot sell more, we will have to . 10.The whole society should the health and growth of children. 1.run out of /use up 2.in particular. 3.pick out 4. queue up 5.clean up 6.under way 7.put …in danger 8.let off 9.cut back on production 10.be concerned about 提升練習(xí) 一、單項(xiàng)填空 1.After a long ________, the bill was passed by the House of the Commons. A. argue B. debate C. discuss D. quarrel 【解析】B debate既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞，意為“辯論”；其他3個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞。 2.The government has announced plans to cut back _ ____ _defense spending _____ 10% next year. A. upon; to B. on; by C. of; by D. for; to 【解析】B cut back on sth. 意為“削減，減少”；介詞by后接百分比時(shí)表程度。 3.He is not a bit mean; instead he is always ______ to help anyone in trouble. A. possible B. probable C. likely D. willing 4.We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems __________ the Yangtze River. A. in charge of B. with regard to C. in place of D. in honor of 【解析】B with regard to意為“關(guān)于”；in charge of意為“掌管，負(fù)責(zé)”；in place of意為“代替”；in honour of意為“為了紀(jì)念，向……表示敬意”。 5.Valerie has a very beautiful voice，and I can ______ her sound from among the general conversations. A. figure out B. wipe out C. point out D. pick out 6.Many students in our school are very concerned about the current ______.They never miss being informed of what is happening at home and abroad. A. situations B. affairs C. things D. fashions 【解析】A　根據(jù)空格后的句子內(nèi)容“他們時(shí)刻關(guān)注國內(nèi)外發(fā)生的事情”判斷“學(xué)生非常關(guān)心當(dāng)前的局勢(shì)”，situation符合題意。 7.—Will you lend me some paper? —Sorry, mine ______. A. has used up B. has been run out C. has run out D. has run out of 8.Very generally，grammar is ______ with the relations between words in sentences. A. regarded B. satisfied C. concerned D. suited 【解析】C　be concerned with與……有關(guān)，符合題意；regard看做；be satisfied with對(duì)……滿意；suit合適，適合。 9.However, scientists are delighted by the discovery，because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can ______ what they described. A. rely on B. deal with C. write down D. pass on 10.I would be ____ if you could afford time to attend our meeting today. A. concerned B. fascinated C. grateful D. determined 【解析】C 句意：盡管你時(shí)間安排很緊，如果今天你能騰出時(shí)間參加我們的會(huì)議我將很感激。根據(jù)句意選grateful“感激”。 11.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has ？ A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up 12.—Where shall we go to spend the weekend? —Nowhere ______.anywhere you like. A. in all B. in general C. in case D. in particular 13.In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the ________ with others. A. communication B. complaint C. connection D. conflict 【解析】D conflict意為“沖突”；communication意為“交流”；connection意為“連接，聯(lián)系”；complaint意為“抱怨”。 14.In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks _____ to people greeting him. A. friendly B. lively C. worried D. cold 【解析】A in spite of是解題的關(guān)鍵詞, “盡管反復(fù)被冤枉, 他看起來還是……”, 由此排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；friendly友好的；lively活潑的, 根據(jù)題意可知選A項(xiàng)。 15.In Britain people ______ four million tons of potatoes every year. A. swallow B. dispose C. consume D. exhaust 16.From facts, scientists have concluded that more energy is being_________ from the sun, throwing the earth’s energy “out of balance”. A. confirmed B. absorbed C. concentrated D. centered 【解析】B absorbed 意為：吸收。 17. She has had a number of different jobs, __________ from teacher to swimming instructor. A. ranging B. operating C. decreasing D. flowing 【解析】A rang from… to 是固定詞組，意為“范圍從…到…”。 18.The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a _____. 　A. observation B. reservation C. preservation D. conservation 19. She has already tried her best. Please don’t be too ______ about her job. A. special B. responsible C. unusual D. particular 【解析】D句意：她已經(jīng)盡了最大的努力。請(qǐng)不要對(duì)她的工作太挑剔了。be particular about 對(duì)……挑剔，是固定搭配。選D。 20.If you want to see the film, you will have to ___________ for tickets. A. take up B. queue up C. set up D. put up 【解析】B queue up意為“排隊(duì)”；take up意為“占據(jù)，從事，拿起”；set up意為“建立，豎起”；put up意為“張貼，搭建，舉起”。 二、完型填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Man - made causes probably do the most damage. There are many man-made causes. 1 is one of the biggest man-made problems. Pollution 2 in many shapes and sizes. Burning fossil(化石) fuels is one thing that causes pollution. Fossil fuels are fuels made of organic matter such as coal or oil. When fossil fuels are burned, they 3 a green house gas called CO2. Also mining coal and oil allows methane(甲烷)to escape. How does it escape? Methane is 4 in the ground. 5 coal or oil is mined, you have to dig up the earth a little. When you dig up the fossil fuels, you dig up the methane as well. Another major man-made 6 of global warming is population. More people 7 more food, and more transportation, right? That means more methane because 8 will be more burning of fossil fuels, 9 more agriculture. Now you are probably thinking, "Wait a minute. You said agriculture will be damaged by global warning, but 10 you are saying agriculture is going to help cause global warning?" Well, have you 11 been in a bam filled with animals and you smell something terrible? You are 12 methane. Another source of methane is manure(糞肥). Because more food is needed, we have to 13 food. Animals like cows are a source of food which means more manure and methane. Another problem 14 the increasing population is 15 . More people means more cars, and more cars means more pollution. Also, many people have more than one car. Since CO2 contributes to global warning, the increase in population makes the problem worse because we breathe out CO2. 16 , the trees that change our CO2 to oxygen are being destroyed because we are using the land 17 we cut the trees down from as property for our homes and buildings. We are not replacing the trees (an important part of our ecosystem), so we are 18 taking 19 of our natural resources and giving nothing back in 20 . 1. A. Conflict B. Damage C. Pollution D. Soil 7. A. eats B. means C. produces D. takes 【解析】B 此處means意為：意味著。更多的人就意味著需要更多的食物和交通工具。 三、任務(wù)型閱讀 Born in California in 1913, Nixon had a brilliant record at Whittier College and Duke University Law School before beginning the practice of law. In 1940, he married Patricia Ryan; they had two daughters, Tricia and Julie. During World War II, Nixon served as a Navy commander in the Pacific. On leaving the service, he was elected to Congress from his California district. In 1950, he won a Senate seat. Two years later, General Eisenhower selected Nixon, aged 39, to be his running mate. As Vice President, Nixon took on major duties in the Eisenhower Administration. Nominated (提名) for President by loud approval in 1960, he lost by a narrow margin to John F. Kennedy. In 1968, he again won his party’s nomination, and went on to defeat Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey and third-party candidate George C. Wallace. His achievements while in office included income sharing, new anticrime laws and a broad environmental program. One of the most dramatic events of his first term occurred in 1969, when American astronauts made the first moon landing. Some of his most publicly praised achievements came in his search for world stability. During visits in 1972 to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the USSR. In his 1972 bid for office, Nixon defeated Democratic candidate George McGovern by one of the widest margins on record. Within a few months, his administration was involved in the so-called “Watergate” scandal, arising from a break-in at the offices of the Democratic National Committee during the 1972 campaign. The break-in was traced to officials of the Committee to re-elect the President. A number of administration officials had to leave office; some were later found guilty of offenses connected with efforts to cover up the affair. Nixon denied any personal involvement, but the courts forced him to hand in tape recordings which indicated that he had, in fact, tried to avoid the investigation. Faced with what seemed almost certain impeachment (彈劾), Nixon announced on August 8, 1974, that he would resign the next day to begin “that process of mending which is so desperately needed in America.” In his last years, Nixon gained praise as an elder statesman. By the time of his death on April 22, 1994, he had written numerous books on his experiences in public life and on foreign policy. Title: The life story of Richard M. Nixon Items Details Personal information (1) ▲ In California in 1913. Death On April 22, 1994. Education Studied at Whittier College and Duke University Law School. (2) ▲ Married Patricia Ryan and had two daughters, Tricia and Julie. (3) ▲ career ◇ During World War II, he served as a Navy commander in the Pacific. ◇ In 1950, he became a Senate. ◇In 1952, he was selected to be General Eisenhower’s running mate and became Vice President. ◇ In 1960, he was nominated for President but he was (4) ▲ defeated in the final by John F. Kennedy. ◇ In 1968, he became President of the USA. ◇ In 1972, he was elected President for a second (5) ▲ . ◇ On August 9, 1974, he (6) ▲ from office because of the so-called “Watergate” scandal. Main achievements ◇ He carried out the reform of income sharing. ◇ He launched a broad (7) ▲ program. ◇ In 1969, American astronauts (8) ▲ on the moon for the first time. ◇ He made great (9) ▲ to world stability, an example of which was that he eased the (10) ▲ relationship with China and the USSR. 1. Birth 2. Family 3. Political 4. narrowly 5. term/time 6. resigned 7. environmental 8. landed 9. contributions 10. tense 四、書面表達(dá) 科技發(fā)展了，人們生活水平提高了，然而環(huán)境卻惡化了，全球變暖的問題越來越嚴(yán)重，由此而造成的后果是人類正在遭受自然災(zāi)害（請(qǐng)自己舉例）所帶來的痛苦。面對(duì)這種情況，我們?cè)撊绾巫霾拍苁谷祟惖纳姝h(huán)境更加美好呢？ 　　 要求：詞數(shù)150左右，適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。 　　 111