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111 高二年級(jí)第一學(xué)期英語學(xué)科教學(xué)案 Book 6 Module1 Grammar過去分詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí) Step1 自主學(xué)習(xí) 過去分詞兩個(gè)顯著的特點(diǎn)即：從時(shí)間上講，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成；從語態(tài)上講，表示被動(dòng)的概念，但是如果是不及物動(dòng)詞用作過去分詞形式，則只表示動(dòng)作的完成，而沒有被動(dòng)意義。如 fallen leaves 落葉 retired workers 退休工人 。過去分詞主要起形容詞或副詞的作用,表示"被動(dòng)、完成”的意義,在句中作狀語、定語、補(bǔ)足語、表語等。選擇分詞時(shí),關(guān)鍵看分詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系,若是其邏輯主語主動(dòng)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作,選用現(xiàn)在分詞;若是被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,則選用過去分詞。 過去分詞用法總結(jié)如下： 一、? 表語: 1．The cup is broken. 2．The door remains locked. 3．She looked disappointed. 二、? 定語：要求學(xué)生必須掌握過去分詞做定語的位置 ，告訴他們單個(gè)過去分詞及由過去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語時(shí)，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時(shí)，需置于被修飾詞之后，而過去分詞短語作定語也要后置，即要放在被修飾詞之后。 1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 單個(gè)過去分詞作定語) 2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 過去分詞短語作定語) 3. Is there anything unsolved? There is nothing changed here since I left this town. (如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，即使是單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語，也要放在被修飾詞的后面) 4. This is a state-owned factory. This is a newly built building. Advertising is a highly developed industry. (單個(gè)過去分詞與名詞或副詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞時(shí)，放在其修飾的名詞前作前置定語) 三、? 賓語補(bǔ)足語：可以帶過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有： 1） see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad. He once heard the song sung in German. Every thought the match lost. 2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞： He’s going to have his hair cut. She had her foot injured in the fall. When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. ( 請(qǐng)讓我們了解最新的發(fā)展情況。) 四、? 狀語： The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen, Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 語法演練 一、 考查過去分詞作狀語 過去分詞作狀語可表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、伴隨等。有時(shí)過去分詞前也可加上連詞when, while, if, unless, though等。過去分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語是句子中的主語,表示被動(dòng)或完成意義。例如: 1. ________ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2. ________ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken 二、 考查過去分詞作定語 過去分詞作定語,其邏輯主語是所修飾的名詞或代詞,表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)的定語從句。3. Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 4. The Olympic Games, ________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 三、 考查過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語 過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),邏輯主語是其前面的賓語,表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作。例如: 5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ________ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 四、 考查過去分詞作表語 過去分詞作表語,其主語通常是人,表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或表示主語對(duì)某事的感覺,意思是"(某人)......的";而現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時(shí),其主語通常是物,表示主語的特征,意思是“令人......的”。常用作表語的過去分詞有: interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。例如: 6. As we joined the big crowd, I got ________ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 另外,有些以過去分詞形式出現(xiàn)的詞,其詞性和意思都已發(fā)生了變化,須引起同學(xué)們的注意。例如: 7. ________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given “Given”在此處是介詞,意思是“在......的情況下;考慮到”。 答案:1-5 CDBCD 6-7 AA 你對(duì)第1面的《過去分詞高考考點(diǎn)透析》一文理解得如何?為了使你加深印象,檢測(cè)一下你的復(fù)習(xí)效果,請(qǐng)做下面選自高考試題的單項(xiàng)填空練習(xí)。為了 Step2 鞏固訓(xùn)練 你開動(dòng)腦筋,不盲目猜題,本練習(xí)題中也包括其它非謂語動(dòng)詞形式的習(xí)題。 1. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself________. A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood 2. The workers want us________ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 3. What's the language________in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. ________some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by 5. Most of the people________ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. He was disappointed to find his suggestions________. A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down 7. Do you know the boy________ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 8. -Good morning. Can I help you? -I'd like to have this package________, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 9. There was a terrible noise________ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 10. ________more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 11. The secretary worked late into the night, ________a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 12. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned 13. Generally speaking,________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take 14. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________the girl and took her away,________ into the woods. A. seizing;disappeared B.seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D.seized; disappearing 15. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 17. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ________. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 18. The________ boy was last seen________ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 19. The patient was warned________ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 20. While building a tunnel through the mountain, ________. A. an underground lake was discovered B. there was an underground lake discovered C. a lake was discovered underground D. the workers discovered an underground lake 111