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1、新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語4 課后翻譯 Unit1 “創(chuàng)客”指勇于創(chuàng)新,努力將自己的創(chuàng)意變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)的人。這個(gè)詞譯自英文單詞maker,源于美國麻省理工學(xué)院(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)微觀裝配實(shí)驗(yàn)室(fabrication laboratory)的課題。該課題以客戶為中心,以創(chuàng)新為理念,由個(gè)人設(shè)計(jì)、制造滿足個(gè)人需要的智能設(shè)備,參與該課題的學(xué)生即“創(chuàng)客”。在中國,“創(chuàng)客”特指具有創(chuàng)新理念、自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的人。中國的“創(chuàng)客”即包括發(fā)明新設(shè)備的科技達(dá)人,也包括軟件開發(fā)者、藝術(shù)家、設(shè)計(jì)師等諸多領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)秀代表。 Chuangke is a term that refer

2、s to innovative people who make an effort to turn their cuttingedge ideas into reality. The term is translated from the English word maker, which is derived from the fabrication laboratory project of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the US. It is a consumer-centred project, emphasizing i

3、nnovation and designed to empower individuals to develop and produce smart devices to suit personal needs. The students participating in the project are called “makers”. In China, Chu angke refers to those who start their own businesses with innovative ideas. Chinese makers include tech-savvy people

4、 who dedicate themselves to creating new devices and distinguished innovators in various fields, such as software developers, artists and designers. Unit2 每年在“世界讀書日”這一天(4 月23 日),中國各地都會舉辦“全民閱讀,書香中國”的活動,旨在培養(yǎng)全民閱讀的風(fēng)氣(ethos),讓更多的人知道閱讀不只是知識分子、學(xué)生的功課,而且是每個(gè)人生活方式的一部分。閱讀對個(gè)人成長的影響是巨大的,一個(gè)民族的精神境界在很大程度上也取決于全民

5、的閱讀水平。從2014 年開始,“全民閱讀”連續(xù)三年都被寫入了中國政府工作報(bào)告,因?yàn)樽x書不僅會增強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新力量,而且會增強(qiáng)社會的道德力量。 Every year on World Book Day (Apr il 23), activities on “Nationwide Reading, Intellectual China” are organized all over China, to cultivate the ethos of reading in the country and spread the awareness that reading should not only

6、be for students and intellectuals, but be part of everyone’s way of life. Reading has much to do with personal growth, and the spiritual level of a nation largely depends on the reading performance of its people. Starting from 2014, for three consecutive years “nation-wide reading” has been included

7、 in the Report o n the Work of the Government in China, for reading is conducive not only to innovation but also to the moral sense of society. Unit3 中國的服裝產(chǎn)業(yè)需要規(guī)范化,中國的服裝設(shè)計(jì)需要創(chuàng)新,中國的元素需要品牌化。我們應(yīng)該努力超越西方的服裝風(fēng)格,同時(shí)打破東方的傳統(tǒng)觀念,創(chuàng)造出屬于中國的風(fēng)格。這種風(fēng)格,既不是迎合(cater to)歐美的時(shí)尚品味,也不是簡單地通過應(yīng)用純中國的元素而達(dá)到民族復(fù)興(renaissance)的目的。這

8、種風(fēng)格,是將具有東方風(fēng)格的各種因素有機(jī)地結(jié)合在一起的同時(shí),巧妙地融入西式服裝的特征。它是中國傳統(tǒng)文化與世界多元文化的一種融合。 There is a need to standardize the clothing industry in China. There should be more innovations in Chinese fashion design. Chinese elements in fashion design should have their own brands. While we are trying our best to transcend Weste

9、rn fashion styles, we should also try to break through the traditional Eastern concepts, eventually creating a style that can be called Chinese. Such a Chinese style neither caters to Western fashion tastes nor simply utilizes pure Chinese elements to achieve a national renaissance. Rather, this sty

10、le features an organic combination of various Eastern elements, skillfully infused at the same time with the features of Western clothes. It is a merging of traditional Chinese culture and multiple world cultures. Unit4 近年來,中國市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展使我國科學(xué)技術(shù)、生產(chǎn)力水平大幅度提高,社會文化事業(yè)大力發(fā)展,綜合國力不斷增強(qiáng)。市場經(jīng)濟(jì)在提高人民群眾生活水平,實(shí)現(xiàn)共同富

11、裕的目標(biāo)中發(fā)揮著巨大作用。與改革開放之初相比,中國人的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣和生活方式已發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化,溫飽型的消費(fèi)模式已逐漸被享受型的消費(fèi)模式所取代,中國已進(jìn)入(usher in)消費(fèi)時(shí)代。人們對物質(zhì)財(cái)富的追求反過來也大力推動了經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的發(fā)展。 In recent years, with the development of the market economy in China, the level of development of our socio-cultural enterprises, as well as our science and technology and our produc

12、tivity, has greatly increased, thus strengthening overall national power. The market economy also plays an enormous role in improving people’s living standards and in fulfilling the goal of common prosperity. Compared with the early days of reform and opening up, substantial changes have taken place

13、 in Chinese people’s spending habits and lifestyles, with consumption of basic food and clothing transformed gradually to consumption for pleasure, ushering in the consumption era. In turn, the pursuit of material wealth has also contributed tremendously to economic and social development. Unit

14、5 在中國,隨著女性社會地位和教育程度的不斷提高,越來越多的女性進(jìn)入了高科技領(lǐng)域。一批杰出的女科學(xué)家脫穎而出,她們以自己的聰明才智和對科學(xué)的熱愛,在各個(gè)科技領(lǐng)域贏得了驕人的成績,成為我國社會進(jìn)步和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的一支重要力量。2015年,中國女藥學(xué)家屠呦呦榮獲“諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎”,實(shí)現(xiàn)了我國自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域諾貝爾獎零的突破,大幅提升了我國科學(xué)研究的國際影響力。 In China, with the increasing improvement of women’s soc ial status and education level, more and more women are enteri

15、ng the field of high technology. A number of remarkable women scientists have distinguished themselves in every scientific field and made extraordinary achievements with their intelligence, ingenuity and love of science, acting as an important force in the social and economic development of China.

16、In 2015, the Chinese woman pharmacologist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Being the first winner from our country of that prize in the field of natural science, she has greatly extended the influence of Chinese scientific research in the international community. Unit6

17、中國古代的史官(historiographer)制度,起源很早。有證據(jù)表明,至少在商代,我國已出現(xiàn)了史官和官方記事制度。早期史官記載雖然只是一種簡單的史實(shí)記錄,而非嚴(yán)格意義上的史學(xué),卻為后人研究古史留下了重要的文獻(xiàn)資料。應(yīng)當(dāng)指出,在古代,這類官方記事制度并非中國所獨(dú)有,但只有中國古代的史官制度一直沿用下來。就其本意而言,這種史官記事制度不僅在于系統(tǒng)記載和保存文獻(xiàn)史料,實(shí)際上還負(fù)有監(jiān)督最高統(tǒng)治者的責(zé)任。 Historiography in China can date back to very ancient times. There is evidence that, as early as

18、 the Shang Dynasty, historiographers and the official recording of events had become institutionalized. Although the early historiographers made very simple records of historical events, not historiography in the strict sense, they left important historical documents and information for later genera

19、tions in studying ancient history. It should be pointed out that in ancient times, the institution of such official recording of events was not unique to China, but only in China was it preserved for several thousand years. As for its initial purpose, historiographers recorded events not only to sy

20、stematically record and preserve historical documents and materials, but to supervise the highest rulers. Unit7 中國現(xiàn)代公園的景觀設(shè)計(jì)在繼承傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上逐步有所創(chuàng)新,在許多方面努力實(shí)現(xiàn)把現(xiàn)代休閑生活的需求與傳統(tǒng)的園林藝術(shù)形式相結(jié)合。就山(rockeries)水(ponds)創(chuàng)作而言,中國自然山水園的藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)得到了發(fā)揚(yáng),景色主體是山水,因山就水布置各種建筑和花草樹木。就園林建筑而言,力求把建筑與自然融為一體,同時(shí)引用了現(xiàn)代的建筑藝術(shù)手法、材料和施工技術(shù),涌現(xiàn)了大批神似傳統(tǒng)形

21、式的現(xiàn)代園林建筑。 While still honouring tradition, landscape design in modern Chinese parks is on its way towards gradual innovation. Designers try in many ways to combine the needs of modern leisure with the traditional artistic forms of the garden. In the design of rockeries and ponds, the artistic legac

22、y of Chinese mountain and water gardens is highlighted. The central part of the garden is constituted by rock structures and ponds, around which are buildings interspersed with trees and flowers. Garden buildings are arranged in a way that merges man-made structures and nature into a harmonious whol

23、e. Meanwhile, modern artistic architectural styles, materials and construction techniques are used to create a large number of modern garden buildings that closely resemble traditional ones in spirit. Unit8 南極洲位于地球的最南端,自19世紀(jì)人類發(fā)現(xiàn)南極洲以來,這塊神秘的大陸無時(shí)不在吸引著人類的目光。進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)后,南極洲以其重要的戰(zhàn)略價(jià)值,吸引了眾多的國家派人前往考察。中國

24、政府也積極加入到南極考察的行列中來,至今已組織了30余次南極科考活動,并在南極建立了科學(xué)考察站。中國進(jìn)行南極考察不僅具有重要的戰(zhàn)略和經(jīng)濟(jì)意義,而且也帶來了積極的社會影響。 The continent of Antarctica is located at the southernmost part of the earth. This mysterious continent has captured the world’s imagination since it was discovered in the 19th century. In the 20th century, many c

25、ountries sent people there for scientific expeditions, attracted by the important strategic significance of Antarctica. The Chinese government has also joined the ranks of Antarctic scientific expedition, having organized more than 30 expeditions. Chinese scientific research bases have also been established in Antarctica. China’s expedition to Antarctica is not only of strong strategic and economic significance, but also has a positive social impact.