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1、2013高考英語二輪專題思路點(diǎn)撥及增分訓(xùn)練—閱讀理解03 1. 尋找主題句，確定文章主題 在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時(shí)，根據(jù)其篇章特點(diǎn)我們可以通過尋找短文的主 標(biāo)題位于文章之首，用來高度概括文章內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明文章主題。它的特點(diǎn)是：短小精悍，多為一短語；涵蓋性強(qiáng)，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當(dāng)，既不能太大，也不能太小。精確性強(qiáng)，不能隨意改變語言表意的程度及色彩。在選擇標(biāo)題時(shí)，要注意三點(diǎn)：第一：要在閱讀原文的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)考慮這句話或短語與文章主題是否有密切的聯(lián)系；第二：再看它對文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何；第三：要注意題目是過大還是過小。 [答案速遞] I. 1. A

2、。短文中沒有主題句，通過仔細(xì)閱讀全文，從例證關(guān)系來分析，本文的主題思想應(yīng)歸納為：People enjoy different kinds of recreation. 因此，A為正確答案。 2. A 。上面這段話的主題句位于本段的中間：The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cost American autoworkers their jobs as some experts expected. 據(jù)此，此題的正確答案應(yīng)為A.。 3. C?！∷捻?xiàng)選擇中A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容太具體，不能概括段落的主旨思想。B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容又太籠統(tǒng)，超出了作者的原意。只有C項(xiàng)才準(zhǔn)確

3、地概括出段落的主旨思想。 4. D 。這一篇短文前幾句只講述了具體情況，均不具備主題句的特征，只有最后一句話是概括性的、總結(jié)性的，因此本段的最后一句是主題句，故正確答案是D。 5. D這是一篇報(bào)道，文章的第一段只有兩句話：“20個學(xué)生(2女18男)有充分的理由為自己感到自豪，因?yàn)樗麄儕Z得了第五屆華羅庚杯數(shù)學(xué)競賽的金獎，是4百萬參賽學(xué)生中的佼佼者”，下文接著對競賽的有關(guān)情況進(jìn)行報(bào)道，因此，第一段實(shí)際上就是這篇報(bào)道的主題句。A、B、C分別只包含了報(bào)道的部分信息，顯然不合題意；D選項(xiàng)與主題句的意思完全一致，因此是正確答案。 II. D。文章以月球人的問題Why are you travelin

4、g to outer space when you don’t even use your inner space? 引起話題，接著講敘了人類目前對地下空間的利用現(xiàn)狀，結(jié)尾以地下空間開發(fā)的支持者的話點(diǎn)題 building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space。A選項(xiàng)只是本文話題的部分意思，不是主要話題；B選項(xiàng)與文章的意思無關(guān)；文章主要是講地下空間的開發(fā)利用，而不是講如何享受地下生活，因此C選項(xiàng)與文章的主題也無關(guān)；D選項(xiàng)符合文章的主要內(nèi)容，與主題句的意思一致，因此，是該題的正確答案。 [單詞百寶箱

5、] brew n. 調(diào)制,釀造 He brewed cups of thick Turkish coffee.他調(diào)制了幾杯很濃的土耳其咖啡。 ingredients n. (混合物的)組成部分; 配料; 構(gòu)成要素,因素 Flour and fat are the most important ingredients.面粉和油脂是最重要的配料。 breeze n. 微風(fēng),輕風(fēng) It was steaming hot; there was no breeze at all.天氣悶熱,一點(diǎn)風(fēng)也沒有。 insatiable adj. 不知足的, 貪求無厭的 The young man

6、has an insatiable hunger for knowledge.這個年輕人有著一副永不滿足的求知欲。 orientation n. 方向,目標(biāo)? The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation.蜿蜒的小徑使徒步旅行者迷失了方向。 insult v. vt.?侮辱,辱罵 You will insult her if you don't go to her party.你要是不去參加她舉辦的聚會,就對她太無禮了。 acquaintance n. . 熟人 We talked as if we we

7、re old acquaintances.我們就好像是老相識般談話。 rung n.地位, 橫檔 Hard work and long hours are rungs in the ladder of success. 刻苦努力和孜孜不倦是成功的階梯。 wilderness n. n. 荒野, 茫茫一片, 大量, 荒地 The surrounding country is a wilderness of sand. 周圍是茫茫一片砂石地。 [時(shí)文閱讀] Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were bette

8、r at performing a particular task than other clan members, so then began to specialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced. People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign pla

9、nts and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Specialization also give people more free time. So art ,dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started. Compared to the past, modern civilization h

10、as experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier. However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As co

11、ncerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment. 1 Early tribes didn’t have much effect on animal population because_____ A .they kept animals for themselves B they ate only vegetables C they loved animals

12、D they killed only enough for food 2 The main purpose for small clans to join together was_____ A to hurt animals B to seek safety C to share caves D to protect environment 3 According to the passage ,we can learn that_____ A early people moved

13、to new places looking for new sources of food B modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groups C modern advancements are always good for the environment D people began to exchange goods because they didn’t have enough money 4 It can be concluded from the passage th

14、at_____ A human progress has brought civilization to the society B civilization has improved traditional forms of work C early people understood environmental protection D our environment has been affected by human progress Mother Knows Best? Once while being prepared for a television interv

15、iew, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. I made the point that one reason we’re seeing more stay-at-home dads may be that it’s no longer a given (a known fact) that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into account when deciding which parent

16、 will stay home. At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loud enough for my benefits, “It should be the better parent who stays at home”. A lot of guys say things like that. I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited.It implied

17、 that our family’s choice could only have been correct if I was a “better” parent than my wife. I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this kind of thinking. I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the “better” parent: she had spent more time wit

18、h our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice, he’d have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable one, my wife went out to work and I looked after our son. Know what? I caught up. Because of the increased time I spent with him, I soon knew him well, un

19、derstood what he needed and could look after him more or less as my wife could. Actually, the experience helped me unlock one of the world’s great secrets: Women are good at looking after the children because they do it. It’s not because of any born female gift or a mother’s instinct－which I think

20、is mostly learned anyway. It’s because they put in the time and attention required to become good at the job. Women obviously get a biological head start from giving birth and nursing, but over the long term experience is more important. When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good? I

21、 don’t know. Who cares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are capable of looking after them besides Mom. 64.Which of the following does the first paragraph imply? A. Men are no longer given the chance to stay at home as they used to. B. In some families the wives are earning more than

22、their husbands. C. The author is telling the readers that he works in the TV station. D. There are more stay-at- home fathers than stay-at-home mothers. 65. The author decided to stay at home eight years ago because ______. A. it was easier for his wife to find a job B. he thought he was the

23、 better father C. their son liked him a little bit better D. he was earning more than his wife did 66. Women are better than men at taking care of children because ______. A. they were born with the ability B. they love children and enjoy it C. they spend more time doing it D. they have le

24、arned it at school 67. Which of the following is the author’s conclusion drawn at the end? A. He is better than his wife at taking care of children. B. He is as good as his wife at taking care of children. C. Either fathers or mothers can take care of children. D. Both fathers and mothers cannot take care of children. 64-67 BACC