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1、2014高考英語文章閱讀類：2013暑假練習(xí)題（18）及答案解析 第二部分： 閱讀理解 (共25小題；每小題2分，滿分50分) 第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。 A Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks s

2、how that people are better at paying up when under the gaze(注視) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed. Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettl

3、e ,with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers. Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may ari

4、se from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly. "If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we thin

5、k we're being watched we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, "Dr. Bateson said. "We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潛意識(shí)的) level, it seems people respond

6、 to eyes, and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(進(jìn)化) to respond to." The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public trans

7、port and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior. 41. This passage is mainly about _______________. A. the policy of honesty B. an honesty box to collect money C. evolution on honesty D. an experiment on honesty 42. The reason for doing the experiment secretl

8、y is that the researchers _____________. A. wanted to get a comparatively more exact result B. had known they wanted to do something illegally C. meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues D. intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price 43. People behave honestly under watchful gaze

9、 of eyes because _____________. A. they want to leave a good impression B. they fear to be laughed at by others C. they've got the nature through evolution D. they take the photo for a real pair of eyes 44. The underlined phrase" sheds light on" in the last paragraph means _____. A. causes

10、 somebody to become cheerful B. makes something easier to understand C. comes upon something by accident D. brings something into the broad daylight B BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- China's economic planning agency Thursday announced a rise in minimum rice purchase prices this year to enco

11、urage farmers to grow more grain. A statement on the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) website said the government would continue the policy of minimum purchase prices in major rice-growing regions in 2011. The rises in the minimum rice purchase price had been approved by the Sta

12、te Council, China's Cabinet, said the statement. The purchase prices for japonica rice will rise 21.9 percent to 128 yuan (19.4 U.S. dollars) per 50 kilograms, while prices for early and middle-late rice will increase 9.7 percent and 10.3 percent to 102 yuan and 107 yuan per 50 kg respectively.

13、Rice and wheat are two major grain crops in China. The State Council pledged Wednesday to step up efforts to boost grain production as drought continues to wreak havoc in north China's wheat growing regions. China's main wheat-growing regions, including Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Shanxi, Sha

14、anxi, Gansu and Jiangsu provinces, have been plagued by drought since October last year. Drought has affected about 7.73 million hectares, or 42.4 percent, of the total winter wheat crop area in the country's eight key producing provinces, the Ministry of Agriculture said Wednesday. China's grai

15、n output rose 2.9 percent last year to 546.41 million tons, marking the seventh consecutive year of growth. 45. When was this news probably written? A. In 2011 B. In 2010 C. In February,2011 D. On Wednesday, 2011 46. What is the purchase price for japonica rice before it wise according

16、 to the passage? A.105 yuan per 50 kilograms B. 128 yuan per 50 kilograms C. 102 yuan per 50 kilograms D. 107 yuan per 50 kilograms 47. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the fourth paragraph? A. completely B. honorably C. separately D. exactly 48. Which of the follow

17、ing sentences is true according to the passage. A. A raised purchase price will encourage farmers to grow more rice. B. The plan hasn’t been approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet. C. Drought continues to hit the wheat growing regions in the north of China. D. There are 8 grain producing

18、 provinces affected by the drought. 49. Which may be the headline of this news? A. China’s minimum rice purchase prices raised to boost production B. A Steady rice purchase prices to ensure rice production C. The Chinese government pays more attention on rice production D. China’s grain output

19、steadily increases C “Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous disappointment.” ? Mother was right, as I discovered after

20、 graduating from college in 1932, I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to a sports announcer. I hitchhiked to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station—and got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperi

21、enced person. “Go out in the sticks and find a small station that’ll give you a chance,” she said. I thumbed home to Dixon, Illinois. While there were no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to manage its sports department.

22、 Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn’t hired. My disappointment must have shown. “Everything happens for the best.” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt a job. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program d

23、irector, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur told me they had already hired an announcer. As I left his office, my frustration (挫折) boiled over. I asked aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station?” I was waiting for the elevator when I

24、heard MacArthur calling, “What was you said about sports? Do you know anything about football?” Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding (在前的) autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute build-up t

25、o that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game! On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mother’s words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous disappointment.” I often wonder wha

26、t direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward. 50.?The writer shows his _____ by saying “… if I’d not gotten the job at Montgomery Ward”. ?A. regret ? ?B. happiness? ?C. gratefulness ?D. disappointment 51.?The underlined phrase “out in the sticks” probably

27、means _____? A. in radio stations?????B. in the country? C. in big cities????? ?D. in Dixon, Illinois 52.?Why did the writer mention his mother’s words over and again? Because _____. ?A. it was his mother’s words that encouraged him ?B. his mother was a person who talked a lot

28、 ?C. nothing good has happened to him up to now ? D. he got turned down every time he tried 53.?Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ?A. There was a small radio station in Dixon, Illinois. ?B. Peter MacArthur was a program director in Scotland. Ks*5u ?

29、C. WOC Radio in Davenport broadcast imaginary games. ?D. Montgomery Ward had a store with a sports department. 54.?When did the writer decide to take a radio-announcing job? ?A. When he hitchhiked to Chicago.? ?B. After he graduated from college. ?C. Before he graduated from college.?

30、?D. As soon as he was turned down. D ROME: The legend of Leonardo da Vinci is covered in mystery: How did he die? Are the remains buried in a French castle really those of the master? Was the "Mona Lisa" a self-portrait in disguise (偽裝)? A group of Italian scientists believe the key to solving

31、 those puzzles lies with the remains, and they say they are seeking permission to dig up the body to conduct carbon and DNA testing. If the skull is undamaged, the scientists can go to the heart of a question that has fascinated scholars and the public for centuries: the identity of the "Mona Lisa.

32、" Recreating a virtual and then physical reconstruction of Leonardo's face, they can compare it with the smiling face in the painting. "We don't know what we'll find if the tomb is opened. We could even just find grains and dust," says Giorgio Gruppioni, an anthropologist who is participating in

33、 the project. "But if the remains are well kept, they are a biological record of events in a person's life, and sometimes in their death." Silvano Vinceti, the leader of the group, said that he plans to press his case with the French officials in charge of the said burial site at Amboise Castle earl

34、y next week. Leonardo moved to France at the invitation of King Francis I, who named him "first painter to the king." He spent the last three years of his life there, and died in 1519 at age 67. The artist's original burial place, the palace church of Saint Florentine, was destroyed during the F

35、rench Revolution and remains that are believed to be his were eventually reburied in the Saint-Hubert Chapel near the castle. "The Amboise tomb is a symbolic tomb; it's a big question mark," said Alessandro Vezzosi, the director of a museum dedicated to Leonardo in his hometown of Vinci. Vezzosi

36、 said that investigating the tomb could help identify the artist's bones with certainty and solve other questions, such as the cause of his death. He said he asked to open the tomb in 2004 to study the remains, but the Amboise Castle turned him down. The group of 100 experts involved in the proj

37、ect, called the National Committee for Historical and Artistic Heritage, was created in 2003 with the aim of "solving the great mysteries of the past," said Vinceti, who has written books on art and literature. Arguably the world's most famous painting, the "Mona Lisa" hangs in the Louvre in Par

38、is, where it drew some 8.5 million visitors last year. Mystery has surrounded the identity of the painting's subject for centuries, with opinions ranging from the wife of a Florentine merchant to Leonardo's own mother. That Leonardo intended the "Mona Lisa" as a self-portrait in disguise is a p

39、ossibility that has interested and divided scholars. Theories have existed: Some think that Leonardo's taste for tricks and riddles might have led him to hide his own identity behind that puzzling smile; others have guessed that the painting hid an androgynous lover. If granted access to the gra

40、ve site, the Italian experts plan to use a tiny camera and radar to confirm the presence of bones. The scientists would then exhume (挖掘) the remains and attempt to date the bones with carbon testing. At the heart of the proposed study is the effort to discover whether the remains are actually Le

41、onardo's, including with DNA testing. Vezzosi questions the DNA comparison, saying he is unaware of any direct descendants (后代) of Leonardo or of tombs that could be attributed with certainty to the artist's close relatives. Gruppioni said that DNA from the bones could also eventually be co

42、mpared to DNA found elsewhere. For example, Leonardo is thought to have rubbed colors on the canvas with his thumb, possibly using saliva (唾液), meaning DNA might be found on his paintings. Even in the absence of DNA testing, other tests could provide useful information, including whether the bon

43、es belonged to a man or a woman, and whether the person died young or old. Even within the committee, experts are divided over the identity of the "Mona Lisa." Vinceti believes that a tradition of considering the self-portrait to be not just a faithful imitation of one's features but a represe

44、ntation of one's spiritual identity may have resonated (共鳴) with Leonardo. Vezzosi, the museum director, dismissed as "baseless and senseless" the idea that the "Mona Lisa" could be a self-portrait of Leonardo. He said most researchers believe the woman may have been either a wife of the artist'

45、s sponsor, the Florentine nobleman Giuliano de Medici, or Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a rich silk merchant, Francesco del Giocondo. The traditional view is that the name "Mona Lisa" comes from the silk merchant's wife, as well as its Italian name: "La Gioconda."?? 55.?Where is this passage most p

46、robably taken from? ?A. A magazine. ?B. A newspaper.? C. A textbook.?? D. A research report. 56.?Why does the author ask a couple of questions in the beginning? ?A. To arouse the interest of readers. ?B. To puzzle Italian scientists. ?C. To answer the questions himself. ?D. To make fun of

47、 French officials. 57.?The best title of this story might be “_____”. ? A. What Is the Purpose of an Investigation?? ? B. How Did Leonardo da Vinci Die in France? ? C. Are the Remains Really Those of the Master? ?D. Did Leonardo Paint Himself as 'Mona Lisa'? 58.?The sentence “he plans

48、 to press his case with the French officials” (underlined in Paragraph 4) suggests that Vinceti intends to _____. ?A. press the French officials to participate in their project ?B. urge the French officials to open the tomb early next week ?C. persuade the French officials to allow opening th

49、e tomb ?D. record events in a person’s life with the French officials 59.?Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ? A. Scholars have the same opinion on DNA testing. ? B. Scientists doubt if the remains are those of da Vinci. ? C. The identity of “Mona Lisa” ha

50、s already been proved. ? D. Alessandro Vezzosi got permission to open the tomb. 60.?We can infer from the last two paragraphs that _____? ? A. “Mona Lisa” is the name of the wife of a silk merchant ? B. the “Mona Lisa” is a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci ? C. experts divided the com

51、mittee into several groups ?D. opinions differ of the identity of the “Mona Lisa” （閱讀理解題材廣泛、體裁多樣。從題材上看，包括人物介紹、生活習(xí)俗、幽默故事、社會(huì)政治、文化教育、科普知識(shí)、國內(nèi)外新聞等；從體裁上看，包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、新聞報(bào)道、書信廣告等。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，高考中考查記敘文和說明文要多一些。越來越注重語言材料的真實(shí)性和原汁原味。語言材料為英美原文，源于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活、緊貼時(shí)代。根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語文章改編。） 第二節(jié)：請(qǐng)根據(jù)Helen, Sophie, Peter, E

52、lena和Jacques五人各自的情況，從A、B、C、D、E、F六條信息中選出適合各人的匹配選項(xiàng)（選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)），并在答題卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)（61—65）的相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)字母涂黑。 A. Bollywood pays great attention to traditional values. B. Bollywood is lees famous than Hollywood, and yet it produce the most films in the world. C. Bollywood films are full of ideal things and free of d

53、aily worries. D. Bollywood is a decent refreshing replacement for those over-stimulating Hollywood films. E. Bollywood has gradually won its reputation on the world stage. F. Bollywood films are mostly comic romances with light-hearted incidental music. Direction: match the headings with the par

54、agraphs. (There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them.) Hollywood movies are regularly filled with sex and violence. They can be exciting films but sometimes all you want is a little light-hearted entertainment. 61.______________ Have you heard of Bollywood? All singi

55、ng, all dancing and unrealistic, it is the perfect alternative to normal Hollywood movies. Bollywood is the Indian film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay. Most Chinese school kids have probably never seen an Indian film. Yet Bollywood is the largest producer of films in the world.

56、This year the Indian Filmgare Awards, Bollywood's Oscrs, turn 50 years old. 62.___________ The typical Bollywood movie usually has the following ingredients: a cup of romance, a tea-spoon of comedy, a dash of international sight-seeing, served with a huge slice of singing and dancing. There will a

57、lso be one brave hero, one beautiful heroine and one baddie. The result is a fun-filled musical. 63.___________ There is never any mention of politics, poverty or war. The actors change clothes and locations within a single song. But the audience don't mind. To Indian movie lovers, especially the

58、poor, such films are a gateway to heaven and the stars are their gods. The films take them to a magical world away from their everyday troubles. The films tell them the impossible is possible and that true love conquers all. 64._____________ But, behind the beautiful scenes, Bollywood still emphas

59、izes traditional family values. In most films, if two lovers want to break an arranged marriage, they can't just run away. They must win over their parents. 65.___________ So if you're tired of all that Hollywood actions, check out the following Bollywood films. They will take you to a brighter, c

60、heerier and more colourful world, where it's still cool to dance around a tree and sing a love song. 卷II（非選擇題部分：共40分） 第三部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分） *****************************************************************結(jié)束 語參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 第二部分 第一節(jié) 41.D 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.C 48.A 49.A 50.C 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.C 55.B 56.A 57.D 58.C 59.B 60.D 第二節(jié) 61.B 62.F 63.C 64.A 65.D