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1、注意：本次答題，除了個人信息和英譯漢是漢語，其他都必須是英語作答 題型： 1、 名詞解釋，即給出縮寫，請寫出全名，或給出名稱，請給出解釋。10小題，共計20 分； 2、 填空題。30個空，共計30分； 3、 翻譯。5小題，共計20 分； 4、 簡答。4小題，共計30 分。 一．Abbreviations 1. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol 超文本傳輸協(xié)議 2. VOIP: Voice over IP 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)語音信息傳播 3. B2C: Business to Consumer 4. EDI: Electronic Data In

2、terchange電子數(shù)據(jù)交換 5. HTML: Hypertext Mark-up Language 超文本標記語言 6.SOA ：service-oriented architecture 基于服務(wù)的架構(gòu) 7. SCM: Supply chain management 8. CRM：customer relationship management 9. URL：uniform (universal) resource locator 10. IP: Internet Protocol 因特網(wǎng)協(xié)議 11.FTP: File Transfer Protocol 11. F

3、irewall: A specialized software application mounted on a server at the point where the company is connected to the Internet. 防火墻是一個專門的軟件應(yīng)用程序，安裝在服務(wù)器上，通過它連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。其目的是為了防止外部人員未經(jīng)授權(quán)而進入企業(yè)網(wǎng)站。 12. Privacy: A moral right of individuals to avoid intrusion into their personal affairs. 隱私權(quán)是指個人避免他人涉入其個人事務(wù)的道德權(quán)利

4、。 13. E-marketing: Achieving marketing objectives through applying digital technologies. 電子營銷是通過利用數(shù)字化技術(shù)以實現(xiàn)營銷目標的一種方法。 14. Bluetooth：A wireless standard for transmission of data between devices over short ranges (less than 100m). 藍牙是一項應(yīng)用于短距離數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)臒o線技術(shù) 15. Knowledge Management is the management o

5、f activities and processes for leveraging knowledge to enhance competitiveness through better use and creation of individual and collective knowledge resources. 知識管理是通過更好地使用個人和集體的知識資源，對利用知識的杠桿作用來增強企業(yè)競爭力的活動和流程的管理。 16. Globalization refers to the move towards international trading in a single global

6、 market-place and also to blurring of social and cultural differences between countries. 全球化指的是將目標市場從本土向全球轉(zhuǎn)移的運動，同時也是一個社會和文化差異逐漸融合的過程。 17. Bandwidth: Indicates the speed at which data are transferred using a particular network media. It is measured in bits per second (bps). 18. Blog An online dia

7、ry or news source prepared by an individual or a group of people. 19.Search-engine optimization (SEO) A structured approach used to increase the position of a company or its products in search-engine results according to selected keywords. 20. Strategy is definition of the future direction and act

8、ions of a company defined as approaches to achieve specific objectives. 21. Wi-Fi (‘wireless fidelity’): A high-speed wireless local-area network enabling wireless access to the Internet for mobile, office and home users. 二、 1. The elements of IS strategy include business information strategy, IS

9、 functionality strategy and IS/IT strategy. 2. Six criteria that were used to assess the companies are Concept, Innovation, Execution, Traffic，F(xiàn)inancing，Profile 評價公司的6個標準是理念、創(chuàng)新、執(zhí)行、流量、財務(wù)和形象 3. Sell-side threats include intermediary threats and customer threats, while buy-side threats include su

10、pplier threats and intermediary threats . 4. Reasons for failed e-business strategies include Timing errors時間錯誤, Lack of creativity缺乏創(chuàng)造性, Offering free services提供免費的服務(wù), Over-ambition過度的野心, Situation analysis形勢分析, Objective setting目標制定, Strategy definition戰(zhàn)略制定 and Implementation執(zhí)行 5. In SLEPT fra

11、mework, SLEPT stands for Social, Legal, Economic, Political and Technological factors. 6. Four different forms of organizational change組織變革 are tuning調(diào)整, adaptation適應(yīng), re-orientation重新定位 and re-creation再創(chuàng)造. 7. Types of virus include boot-sector virus引導(dǎo)區(qū)病毒, worms蠕蟲病毒, macro-viruses宏病毒, E-mail atta

12、chment viruses電子郵件病毒, Trojan viruses特洛伊木馬病毒, Hoax e-mail viruses惡作劇郵件病毒. 8. Methods for e-business create business value include adding value, reduce costs, manage risks, create new reality 9. Typical benefits of online services. (‘Six Cs) include Content內(nèi)容 Customization定制, Community社區(qū), Convenienc

13、e便捷, Choice選擇, Cost reduction成本消減 10. The four stages in the growth of ‘the digital marketing organization’（數(shù)字營銷組織） are Ad hoc activity特別活動階段, Focusing the effort專注努力階段，F(xiàn)ormalization形式化階段, Institutionalizing capability制度化的能力. 11. Factors that governing e-commerce service adoption include cost o

14、f access, value proposition , ease of use, security and fear of the unknown 影響互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用率的因素包括接入成本、使用價值、操作方便性、安全性、抵觸新事物。 12．In SWOT analysis, S means Strengths, W means Weaknesses, O means Opportunities , T means Threats . 三、Some main knowledge 1. Disintermediation and reintermediation： Disinterme

15、diation: The removal of intermediaries such as distributors or brokers that formerly linked a company to its customers. 脫媒是對媒介的解除，例如對以前連接著企業(yè)和其客戶的經(jīng)銷商或經(jīng)紀人的解除 Reintermediation: 再媒 The creation of new intermediaries between customers and suppliers providing services such as supplier search and prod

16、uct evaluation. 2. The concepts of Intranet and Extranet. Intranet: A private network within a single company using Internet standards to enable employees to access and share information using web publishing technology. Extranet: A service provided through Internet and web technology delivere

17、d by extending an intranet beyond a company to customers, suppliers and collaborators. 3. Four different types of sell-side e-commerce： 1). Transactional e-commerce sites. 電子商務(wù)交易網(wǎng)站 2). Services-oriented relationship-building web sites.面向服務(wù)的關(guān)系建設(shè)網(wǎng)站 3). Brand-building sites.創(chuàng)牌網(wǎng)站 4). Portal, publis

18、her or media sites.門戶或媒介網(wǎng)站 4．E-marketing planning E-marketing planning is a plan to achieve the marketing objectives of the e-business strategy. 電子營銷計劃是實現(xiàn)電子商務(wù)戰(zhàn)略的營銷目標的相關(guān)計劃 Questions which describe E-marketing planning include: 1) Situation – where are we now?形勢-我們現(xiàn)在在哪？ 2) Objectives – where d

19、o we want to be?目標-我們想達到哪？ 3) Strategy – how do we get there?戰(zhàn)略-我們怎樣達到？ 4) Tactics – how exactly do we get there?戰(zhàn)術(shù)-我們具體怎樣做？ 5) Action – what is our plan?行動-我們有什么計劃？ 6) Control – did we get there?控制-我們達到目標了嗎？ 5. Some questions apply equally to marketing include: 1) Who are our customers? 2)

20、How are their needs changing? 3 )Which do we target? 4) How can we add value? 5)How do we become first choice? 6. Two main types of auction, and why companies use auction? 1) Forward, upward or English auction (initiated by seller). 2) Reverse, downward or Dutch auction (initiated by buyer

21、). Companies may use reverse auctions to rationalize suppliers in a particular spending category and source new components in an area they are unfamiliar with. 公司可能會利用逆向拍賣達到兩個目的:合理化一個特殊消費品類別的供應(yīng)商；在一個不熟悉的領(lǐng)域里尋找新的合作者。 7. E-procurement and ‘Five rights of purchasing’ E-procurement is the electronic i

22、ntegration and management of all procurement activities including purchase request, authorization, ordering, delivery and payment between a purchaser and a supplier. ‘Five rights of purchasing’: 1)at the right price 2)delivered at the right time 3)of the right quality 4)of the right quantity

23、 5)from the right source 8. Characteristics of information include: 1) Reach: This refers to the potential number of customers a business can interact with. 可達性：指經(jīng)營業(yè)務(wù)可以接觸到的潛在客戶數(shù)量。 2) Richness: The Internet enables more detailed information about products, prices and availability to be made avail

24、able. It also enables more interactivity and customization to engage customers and to provide more up-to-date information. 豐富性：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)能夠使產(chǎn)品、價格和實用性等信息更詳細、有效，也能更具有交互性和針對性地為客戶提供信息，而且所提供的信息能得到及時更新。 3) Affiliation: This refers to the effectiveness of links with partners. 聯(lián)合性，指與伙伴聯(lián)合的效應(yīng)。 9. The elements of

25、site design include: 1) Site design and structure –the overall structure of the site. 2) Page design – the layout of individual pages. 3)Content design – how the text and graphic content on each page is designed. 10. The concept of supply chain management? Supply chain management (SCM) is th

26、e coordination of all supply activities of an organization from its suppliers and delivery of products to its customers. 11. Some different types of business model that can be facilitated by the web include: 網(wǎng)站支持的商業(yè)模式有: 1) E-shop 電子商店 2) E-procurement 電子采購 3) E-malls 電子商業(yè)街 4) E-auctions

27、 電子拍賣 5) Virtual communities 虛擬社區(qū) 6) Collaboration platforms 平臺 7) Third-party marketplaces 第三方市場 8) Value-chain integrators價值鏈整合 9) Value-chain service providers 價值鏈服務(wù)供應(yīng)商 10) Information brokerage 信息發(fā)布 11) Trust and other services 信譽和其他服務(wù) 12. Knowledge include Explicit knowledge and

28、 Tacit knowledge: Explicit knowledge: Knowledge that can be readily expressed and recorded within information systems. Tacit knowledge: Mainly intangible knowledge that is typically intuitive and not recorded since it is part of the human mind. 13. What is the aim of situation analysis? The aim of situation analysis is to understand the current and future environment in which the company operates in order that the strategic objectives are realistic in light of what is happening in the marketplace.