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1、專題八完形填空之夾敘夾議文,高考24話題之(八)：旅游交通(Travel and transport) 近年來(lái)，大城市交通擁堵現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，影響了人們的生活和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，對(duì)此人們十分抱怨。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給報(bào)社寫(xiě)封信。 1.交通現(xiàn)狀與影響；2.提出改進(jìn)建議；3.希望建議被采納。,【寫(xiě)作話題】,Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining_________the heavy traffic. It has__________(serious) influenced peoples daily life and economic

2、_____________ (develop) For one thing, more streets and roads should ________(build),【語(yǔ)法填空】,about/of,seriously,development,be built,To solve the problem, Id like put forward some pieces of advices. But the most important thing is what the number of private cars should be put under the control. Buses

3、 should have their own special routes which cant be used by other vehicle. 答案advices改為advicewhat改為that；去掉control前面的thevehicle改為vehicles,【語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)】,Dear editor, I am writing to you to talk about the heavy traffic.Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic.It has seriously

4、 influenced peoples daily life and economic development.To solve the problem, Id like to put forward some pieces of advice.,【范文背誦】,For one thing, more streets and roads should be built.In this way, we can speed up the flow of buses and cars.For another, the number of bikes and cars can be limited, w

5、hich can decrease the traffic flow.But the most important thing is that the number of private cars should be put under control.Meanwhile, buses should have their own special routes which cant be used by other vehicles.Besides, underground trains and city trains should be developed quickly. I do hope

6、 my suggestions will be taken. Yours， Li Hua,根據(jù)范文畫(huà)線部分仿寫(xiě)下面情景： 對(duì)旅游來(lái)說(shuō)，最重要的事情是我們要保證自己的安全。 For travelling, ______________________________. 我的確喜歡騎自行車(chē)郊游。 ___________________________________________ 答案the most important thing is that we must guarantee our safety I do enjoy cycling for an outing.,【自主空間】,(201

7、6新課標(biāo)甲卷)Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(裝置)on your desk.And theyve never actually__1__you. Everything they know about you__2__through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away.__3__ they feel they can know you__4__from the sound of your voice.Thats

8、 how powerful the__5__is.,限時(shí)15分鐘,Powerful, yes, but not always__6__.For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.Rani, my faceless agent whom Id never met__7__， got me rockbottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels.But her cold voice really__8__me.I sometimes wished to__9__ another agent.,O

9、ne morning, I had to10an immediate flight home for a family emergency.I ran into Ranis office11.The woman sitting at the desk，12my madness, sympathetically jumped up.She gave me a13smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the14immediately.“What a wonderful lady！” I thought.,Rush

10、ing out__15__I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, whats your name？”“Im Rani，”she said.I turned around and saw a__16__woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.I was__17__！Why had I thought she was cold？Rani was, well, so__18__. Sitting back in the car on the way to the

11、airport, I figured it all out.Ranis__19__her warm smile, her nods, her Im here for you__20__were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires.,語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇夾敘夾議文。電話功能再多，科技再發(fā)達(dá)，也無(wú)法替代人們面對(duì)面地交流。我與旅行代理人Rani的電話交流經(jīng)歷，充分印證了這一點(diǎn)。,1A.acceptedBNoticed Cheard Dmet 解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由文章開(kāi)頭“Hundreds of people have formed imp

12、ressions of you through that little device(裝置)on your desk.”可知，很多人只是通過(guò)電話了解你。但實(shí)際上從來(lái)沒(méi)有。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)為(met)見(jiàn)過(guò)面。 答案D,2A.came Bmoved Cran Ddeveloped 解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。緊接上文“從未見(jiàn)過(guò)面”，他們對(duì)你的了解來(lái)自(came)電話；有時(shí)，來(lái)自千里之外。 答案A,3A.Thus BYet CThen DIndeed 解析考查連接副詞。雖然你們之間的距離很遠(yuǎn)，然而他們只要通過(guò)你的聲音，就可以了解你。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用副詞yet串聯(lián)前后語(yǔ)義。 答案B,4A.rather

13、Balso Cjust Dalready 解析考查副詞辨析。副詞rather相當(dāng)?shù)兀籥lso也；just只是；already已經(jīng)。本句使用just表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，別人只要通過(guò)聲音就可以了解你。 答案C,5A.telephone Bvoice Cconnection Dimpression 解析考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)6空后“only by phone”可知本文介紹的是電話，人們可以通過(guò)電話了解你。這是本文的中心線索詞。 答案B,6A.direct Buseful Ceasy Daccurate 解析考查形容詞辨析。本空前的but說(shuō)明上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，電話雖然很強(qiáng)大，但是也并不是很準(zhǔn)確(accurate

14、)。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate準(zhǔn)確的。 答案D,7A.in person Bby myself Cin public Don purpose 解析考查介詞辨析。A項(xiàng)與空前的faceless形成呼應(yīng)，Rani是代理人，但是我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有碰過(guò)面。in person親自；by myself靠自己；in public當(dāng)眾；on purpose故意地。 答案A,8A.annoyed Binterested Cdiscouraged Dconfused 解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。空前的cold voice可知Rani在電話里的聲音很冷漠，這讓我很不高興，甚至想過(guò)要另外找

15、一個(gè)代理人。說(shuō)明我對(duì)她的聲音很反感(annoyed)。 答案A,9A.promote Btrain Cfind Dknow 解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。正是因?yàn)镽ani的聲音讓我很不舒服，所以我曾經(jīng)想過(guò)另外找代理人取代她。promote提拔；train訓(xùn)練；find尋找；know知道。 答案C,10A.arrange Bpostpone Cconfirm Dbook 解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由于家中有急事，我得馬上預(yù)訂回家的航班。book“預(yù)訂”，符合語(yǔ)境。 答案D,11A.for the first time Bat any time Cfrom time to time Da good time 解析考查

16、介詞辨析。緊接上文“家有急事”，所以第一次來(lái)到Rani的辦公室。for the first time“第一次”。 答案A,12A.expecting Bseeing Ctesting Davoiding 解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Rani看到我著急的樣子，同情地站起來(lái)安慰我。seeing“看見(jiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)”。 答案B,13A.shy Bcomforting Cfamiliar Dforced 解析考查形容詞辨析。她看到我很著急，笑著安慰我。shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的。 答案B,14A.bill Bform Cticket Dlist 解析考查名詞辨析

17、。根據(jù)上文我要預(yù)訂回家的航班的機(jī)票可推斷，本句中Rani很快幫我把機(jī)票(ticket)打印出來(lái)。 答案C,15A.hopefully Bdisappointedly Cgratefully Dregretfully 解析考查副詞辨析。Rani如此迅速地幫我把機(jī)票打印出來(lái)，而且一直面帶微笑，這讓我心存感激。hopefully充滿希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遺憾地。 答案C,16A.careful Bserious Cnervous Dpleasant 解析考查形容詞辨析?，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的Rani富有同情心，待人熱情大方，是一個(gè)令人

18、愉快的相處對(duì)象。所以當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身時(shí)，看見(jiàn)的是與電話中完全不一樣的Rani。careful細(xì)心的；serious嚴(yán)肅的，認(rèn)真的；nervous緊張的；pleasant令人愉快的。 答案D,17A.amused Bworried Chelpless Dspeechless 解析考查形容詞辨析?，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的Rani是如此的體貼大方，而我之前卻認(rèn)為她很冷漠，甚至有了要另找代理的想法?，F(xiàn)在我真是無(wú)話可說(shuō)(speechless)。 答案D,18A.calm Bnice Cproud Dclever 解析考查形容詞辨析。在文章8空前“cold”以及該處前句“...she was cold”說(shuō)明我人為地認(rèn)為Ran

19、i很冷漠，但卻沒(méi)有想到實(shí)際生活中的Rani是如此的美好善良(nice)。 答案B,19A.forgiveness Beagerness Cfriendliness Dskillfulness 解析考查名詞辨析。從我這次與Rani的面對(duì)面接觸，我體會(huì)到她并沒(méi)有給人電話中的那種冷漠的感覺(jué)。和該空并列的“her warm smile, her nods，”等，也說(shuō)明她的友好(friendliness)。 答案C,20A.explanation Battitude Cconcept Dbehavior 解析考查名詞辨析。Rani的善良友好的態(tài)度并沒(méi)有從電話線中傳遞過(guò)來(lái)。explanation解釋；at

20、titude態(tài)度；concept概念；behavior行為。 答案B,夾敘夾議的完形填空一般有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)： 1先敘述作者自己親歷或所見(jiàn)所聞的一件事情，然后針對(duì)這件事情發(fā)表自己對(duì)生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。,.文體特點(diǎn)分析,2先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例來(lái)說(shuō)明，一般是一個(gè)事例，有時(shí)也會(huì)用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面加以說(shuō)明。 3提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后用事例說(shuō)明，最后再進(jìn)一步闡述或總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。,大家在做這類題材時(shí)，抓住作者的觀點(diǎn)或作者闡述的生活哲理是關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)樽髡邤⑹鏊l(fā)生的事情或事例是為作者要表達(dá)的思想服務(wù)的。具體說(shuō)來(lái)，做該類完形填空需要我們注意以下幾點(diǎn)：,.解

21、題策略,(1)夾敘夾議型文章的思路跳躍性強(qiáng)，按照一般的命題要求，文章的首句或者是一個(gè)完整的富有哲理的句子，這個(gè)句子不容忽視，往往是全文的關(guān)鍵句，甚至是文章的主題；或者是一小段敘述文，作者下文要對(duì)此展開(kāi)議論。夾敘夾議文的主題明確，那就是告訴讀者一個(gè)道理。因此，正確理解首句和開(kāi)頭段落以及它們?cè)谖恼轮械淖饔檬欠浅Ｖ匾摹?(2)夾敘夾議文是記敘和議論在文中交錯(cuò)運(yùn)用，這樣，不但可以大大充實(shí)文章的內(nèi)容，而且能增強(qiáng)文章的說(shuō)服力，從而既易于讀者理解，又引發(fā)讀者思考。只要抓住文章的線索，弄明白文章的邏輯關(guān)系，就能確定比較明確的、直接的答案。 (3)高考夾敘夾議文章的常見(jiàn)基本結(jié)構(gòu)模式是：用一段概括性的話引入要敘

22、述的經(jīng)歷(話題)；敘述先前的經(jīng)歷及其感悟或發(fā)現(xiàn)；敘述接下來(lái)的經(jīng)歷及其感悟或發(fā)現(xiàn)；作出總結(jié)或結(jié)論。文章通常使用對(duì)比、附加、強(qiáng)調(diào)、讓步、舉例、結(jié)論、順序和對(duì)照等手段。,1首尾遙相呼應(yīng)，主題鮮明統(tǒng)一 大多數(shù)夾敘夾議文完形填空的尾段是結(jié)論式的觀點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句段落，是中間段落所講述故事的評(píng)價(jià)和啟發(fā)，這樣與首段往往會(huì)產(chǎn)生呼應(yīng)的效果，所以，我們做閱讀此類文章時(shí)，要仔細(xì)分析首段與尾段的這種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。,.技巧微課,典例Inspiration “Mama, when I grow up, Im going to be one of those！” I said this after seeing the Capital

23、Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my__1__took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. I see a__2__that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and growand inspires people ever

24、y day to follow their dreams.,1. A. hobbyB. plan C. dreamD. word 2. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire 答案1. C2.C,解析作者三歲時(shí)看到首都舞蹈團(tuán)表演時(shí)就決心長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)一名舞蹈演員，那是她第一次鮮明地形成了她的________，并且對(duì)她的訓(xùn)練起了重要的積極作用。結(jié)尾段的意思是：我在這個(gè)舞蹈團(tuán)中看到了一種傳統(tǒng)，這種傳統(tǒng)激勵(lì)了一代一代的小女孩和一支輝煌的團(tuán)隊(duì)持續(xù)的發(fā)展壯大，每天都有激勵(lì)著人們追隨著他們的夢(mèng)想。這段中的follow their dreams啟示我們第1個(gè)空應(yīng)該用d

25、ream一詞，與結(jié)尾構(gòu)成呼應(yīng)。,2圍繞主題，確保一致 夾敘夾議文雖然也在講故事、描述人，但它們都是作者為了表達(dá)某個(gè)主題而精心編排的，所以字里行間都滲透著作者的用意，我們做題時(shí)，哪怕一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)也要緊扣文章的主題才不致于跑題，這就要求我們首先要對(duì)文章有一個(gè)整體的把握能力。,典例1I stood by my window overlooking the__1__， having nothing better to do. But as it turned out, I was soon to learn about something__2__in life. 1. A. parking lot B.

26、 bus stop C. school D. market 2. A. interesting B. surprising C. awful D. useful 答案1. A2. D,解析這也是夾敘夾議文的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，作者講故事的用意在于教育和啟迪，而第2題作者故事的引入語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是積極的，所以此處應(yīng)該用useful表示“生活中有用的東西”。,典例2I often hear people__1__about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by__2__rather than complaining. 1. A. talk B. complain C. argue D. quarrel 2. A. doing B. thinking C. questioning D. watching 答案1. B2. A,解析作者想通過(guò)自己的故事講明一個(gè)道理，即：身體力行，從自己做起，以此影響他人共同保護(hù)環(huán)境。所以第2題也應(yīng)該圍繞著這個(gè)主題進(jìn)行順向判斷，所以2題選doing表示“腳踏實(shí)地地做”，而不是僅僅抱怨。,