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The usage of -ing form,The usage of –ing form 表示主動的或正在進行 的動作或狀態(tài),,Attribute(定語) Object Complement(賓語補足語) Subject (主語) Predicative(表語) Object(賓語) Adverbial(狀語),Walking is good for everyone. 2. Our job is playing all kinds of music. 3. We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 4. Do you know the boy lying under the tree? 5. People come to theme parks, looking for excitement. 6. On the hill, he saw smoke rising from the chimneys.,(主語）,（表語）,（賓語）,（定語）,（狀語),（賓補）,A. 作定語 （單個-ing 形式一般放在被修飾的名詞之前 而 -ing短語一般放在被修飾的名詞之后),1.This amusing story made us laugh . 2.The girl coming to dinner tonight is a famous film star.,1.坐在我旁邊的女孩默默地看著我. The girl ____________________looked at me in silence. 2.There was a car came in the other direction. 3.We can’t attend the meeting held now as we’re very busy.,sitting beside me,,coming,當表示正在被完成的動作時可用being done，修飾名詞時往往后置,The building being built now is our gymnasium(體育館）.,,being,,當表示已經(jīng)被完成和將要被完成的動作時可用done和to be done,This is the building built last year. They’ve designed the building to be built next year.,B. 作賓語補足語 1.感官動詞 see /look at / notice/ watch /observe/ catch /feel/ find /smell/ hear/ listen to +o.+doing 2.have\get+o.+doing 3.keep\leave+o.+doing 4.with+o.+doing,+do\done,+do(get+o.+to do)\done,+done/adj./adv./prep.phrase,+done\to do\adj.\adv.\prep.phrase,,被動：be seen to do\doing\done,1.I heard____________(他在唱歌)when I passed his house. 2.Turn off the lights!Don’t leave them __________(亮著)all night long. 3. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _____ in the kitchen. a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smoked,him singing,(b),burning\on,C. 作主語和表語 1.區(qū)別doing 和to do 作主語和表語時的不同 2.doing和to do 作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù) 3.固定句型：It is no use\good doing… 4.注意-ed式形容詞和-ing式形容詞作表語和定語時的區(qū)別,1.In some countries, ________ (nod) one’s head ________ (mean) “no” .,nodding,means,2._________ (teach) is quite interesting. 3.___________ (teach) so many little kids in such a small room today will really make me confused.,Teaching,To teach,shock\excite\invite\encourage\disappoint 1.It is ________ to watch the world’s top soccer players play in China. 2. I was ________when I heard about your accident. 3.The father must have said something ____________ because the boy finally got up and made a good speech. 4.He said in a ___________ voice that he would leave at once. 5.The food didn’t look very _______. It was not worth the money.,shocked,exciting,inviting,encouraging,disappointed,4.We were __________in the __________ story.(有趣的）,interested,interesting,D. 作 賓語（-ing形式及其復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以放在動詞、介詞、短語之后） 1.固定的動詞之后（avoid\appreciate\finish\mind…) 2.固定短語之后（give up/ keep on/ be worth/feel like …) 3. remember/ forget/ regret /mean /try /like/ dislike/ love/ stop / go on /can’t help 之后加doing 和to do 區(qū)別,1.You can show your welcome to someone by ________ (shake) hands with him or her. 2.I feel like _______________ (休息）.Would you mind __________________ (我坐這兒）？ 3.I remember _________________________ (把書還給你了）. 4. She strongly disliked spoken to like that.,shaking,taking a rest,my\me sitting here,returning the book to you,,,being,E. 作狀語的用法（在句子中表示時間、條件、伴隨、結(jié) 果、原因等） 1.當主句中的謂語動詞和-ing短語中動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生時，用-ing 形式, 否定式為not doing 2. -ing 短語中動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在主句的謂語動詞所表示的動作之前， 用having done 形式（被動用having been done)， 否定式為 not having (been) done 3.-ing 形式作狀語時，其邏輯主語通常為主句的主語 4.從屬連詞+動詞的-ing 形式\動詞的過去分詞(when\while\once\although\unless, since, whenever, until, as if…),Arriving home, she found the door locked.,Having failed the exam, he no longer played computer games.,Not knowing what to do, your advice is important to me.,While reading the letter, she cried.,1.He stood at the school gate and greeted the new students. 2. After she was told that her daughter got sick，she went to the school to take her home. 3.Looking on the top of the hill,______________. a.there were lot of tall buildings b. lots of tall buildings were seen c.I saw a lot of tall buildings d. our city looked very beautiful. 4.當在看這部感人的電影時/當被問到為什么偷竊時，她忍不住哭了。,He stood at the school gate, greeting the new students.,Having been told that her daughter got sick, she went to the school to take her home.,When_____________________________________________, she ______________________.,When seeing the moving film, /asked why she stole,,she couldn’t help crying,(C),V-ing 形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是在該形式前加上動作的發(fā)出者，多為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所以格，這一復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中作主語和賓語。作主語時，在句首需用名詞所有格形式，如果不出現(xiàn)在句首可用代詞的賓格或名詞的普通格代替。,1.Victor apologized for _____ to inform me of the change in the plan. A.his being not ale B. him not to be able C.his not being able D.him to be not able 2.______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A.The president will attend B.the president to attend C.the president attended D.the president’s attending 3.The discovery of new evidence led to __________. A.the thief having caught B.catch the thief C.the thief being caught D.the thief to be caught,