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1、 Period Ⅱ Learning notes for Word power & Grammar and usage 【 Learning goals】 1. Learning some new words: alternative ? 2. Learning grammar —虛 氣（二） 【 Language focus】 1. (P57) alternative adj. 可供替代的 n. 可供 的事物 1) 無(wú) 地干某事 have no alternative/choice/option but to do 2)

2、除了等待下一班汽 之外，他 無(wú) 。 3) You have the alternative of staying or leaving. 4) 他 正在 找可替代能源。 They are searching for . 【 Grammar 】 虛 氣（二） 一、混合虛 條件句 當(dāng)主句 作 生的 與 if 引 的條件從句 作 生的 不一致 ，我 可以用混合虛 條件句。 (1) If we ____________________ (start) early yesterday afternoon, we ___________

3、_________ (be) in the hotel now. (2) _____________ you _____________ (follow) my advice, you _____________ (not be) in trouble now. 二、虛 氣的其它表達(dá)方式 1、我 可以用 otherwise、or 或以 with 、without 、but for 開(kāi) 的短 代替 if 從句表示 含的 虛 氣 (1) ______________________________________ ( 要是有更多的 ), I coul

4、d help more people in need. (2) ______________________________________ (要不是有來(lái)自 合國(guó)的幫助 ), those women wouldn ’ t have been able to set up their shop 2、我 可以用 even if 、 as if、 as though 和 if only （要是 ?? 就好了）引 非真 條件句。 (1) Nicholas is smiling ______________________________________ (似乎他

5、一無(wú)所知 ) about it. (2) Mike talks ______________________________________ (好像去 ) the Great Wall before. 3、虛 氣 用在 wish、 would rather 和 It ’ s (high / about) time后面的從句中。 (1) --- Id like to see a film tonight, Mum. --- ____________________________________________ ( 我想你 去了。 忘了

6、，期末考 快到了 ). (2) How I wish I ____________________________________________ ( 我主修醫(yī)學(xué)而不是 史 ) when I was at college! （主修： major in sth. ） 4、在一個(gè) “ 決要求 （ insist ）”，兩個(gè) “命令（ order, command）”， 三個(gè) “建 （suggest, advise, recommend ）”，四個(gè) “要求（ desire, demand ,request, require）”等 后的 從句中， 用 “(shoul

7、d) ＋ 原形 ”，表示建 、要求、命令等。 第 1 頁(yè) Some countries suggested that a UN meeting (should) be called to discuss the problem of global warming. The situation required that everyone (should) be present . 在表示提 ，建 ，命令，要求等名 ，如 : advice, decision, demand, desire, order, plan, request

8、, recommendation, suggestion 等后面的表 從句或同位 從句中， 同 用 should + do （should 可省略）表示虛 。 The teacher gave the demand that we (should) finish the project within this week. His suggestion is that the question be discussed at the next meeting. 在 it is strange (necessary, important， natural) that

9、 引 ?的從句中或在 it is a pity/ a shame that ?引 的從句中表示 “理 、 、竟然 ”等意思 ，用虛 氣。 (1) They ordered that for every tree cut down __________________________________________ ( 要栽種 另兩棵 ). (2) It is necessary, absolutely, that ___________________________________________ ( 歸 所有借 的 ) this

10、morning. (3) The idea is that the nation __________________________________________ ( 先 射 無(wú)人宇宙 船探 索外 空 ). 5、我 也可以使用以下 構(gòu)表示虛 氣。 was / were going to do ? ; was / were to have done等。 ? *--- You didn ’ t come to my birthday party yesterday evening. --- I ________________________,

11、but I had an unexpected visitor. 【 Feedback】 1. Everything ______ if Albert hadn alled the’firetcbrigade. A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed B. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed 2. If you hadn ’ t gone with Tom to the party last night, ______. A. you wou

12、ld meet John already B. you w on’ t have missed John C. you will have met John D. you would have met John 3. Supposing this ship ______, do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers? A. was sinking B. has sunk C. were to sink D. sunk 4. The insects

13、 would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and heads, if ______ for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. A. it is not B. it were not C. were it not D. they were not 5. The teacher suggested that each student ______ a plan for the vacation. A. made B. make C. makes D.

14、will make 6. Frankly, I ’ d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being. A. do B. don ’ t do C. didn ’ t do D. will not do 7. After the way she treated you, if I ______ in your place. A. be B. am C. was D. were 8. The idea is that the nation ______ an unmanned spacecraf

15、t to explore the planet first. A. sent B. sends C. send D. must send 9. It ’ s high time you ______. 第 2 頁(yè) A. start to work B. would start to work C. started to work D. had started to work 10. “ If I hadn ’ t practiced when I was younger, ”

16、the musician says, “ I ______ able to play so now. ” A. wouldn ’ t be B. won ’ t be C. wouldn ’ t have beenD. couldn ’ t haveben 11. It is imperative that you ______ there in person. A. are B. were C. be D. will be 12. The atomic structure is, ______,

17、 a miniature solar system. A. as it is B. as if they were C. as it were D. as if are 13. We required that the machine parts ______ cast iron. A. is made of B. be made from C. be made of D. is made by 14. The management urged that the cost of production ______.

18、 A. to be further reduced B. was further reduced C. be further reduced D. should further reduced 15. The business is risky. But ______ we would be rich. A. should we succeed B. we should succeed C. might we succeed D. would we succeed 16. I wish our teach

19、er ______ to give another test. I haven ’ t got prepared yet. A. isn ’ tnggoi B. weren ’ t going C. will not going D. could have gone 17. I wish I ______ to the movies with you last night. A. went B. did go C. could go D. could have gone 18. I ’

20、 d rather ______ rudely to her. A. that you won ’ t speak B. your not speaking C. you not speak D. you didn ’ t speak 19. If I ______ in the twenty-first century, I ______ my vacation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should

21、 spend C. are living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent 20. It is required that the machine ______ as frequently as necessary. A. be oiled B. must be oiled C. is oiled D. will oil 21. His English teacher recommends that he ______ a regular degr

22、ee program. A. begins B. begin C. will begin D. is beginning 22. We prefer that the plan ______ before being put into execution. A. is fully discussed B. must be fully discussed C. be fully discussed D. will be fully discussed 23. What do you think

23、of his proposal that improvements ______ in the old type of vacuum cleaner? A. be made B. will be made C. would be made D. will have to be made 24. The doctor ’ s advice is that the patient ______ about his real physical condition. A. be not told B. not be told C. will not be to

24、ld D. must not be told 25. ______, we could not have finished the work on time. A. If they do not help us B. Was it not for their help C. Should they offer to help us D. But for their help 26. If we had been more careful, we ______ much better results now. 第 3 頁(yè) A. g

25、ot B. had got C. would be getting D. would have got 27. Henry ______ a rich man today if he had been more frugal in the past. A. would be B. is C. will be D. was 28. They thought it desirable that an armed guard ______ in readiness. A. stands B. stand C. stood D. would stand 29. All s

26、cience students, ______, should have a good foundation in basic sciences. A. whether they are future physicists and chemists B. they are future physicists of chemists C. they should be future physicists of chemists D. be they future physicists or chemists 30. Sally can’ t have written home, o

27、r ______ the letter by now. A. I ’ ll get B. I ’ ll havet go C. I ’ d have got D. I ’ d get 31. I should very much like to have gone to the party but I ______. A. am not invited B. was not invited C. shall not be invited D. am not being invited 32. There is a general understanding a

28、mong the members of the Board of Directors that chief attention ______ to the undertaking that is expected to bring in highest profit. A. is given B. gives C. should be given D. must be given 33. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ______ to its burning temperature. A.

29、 be heated B. is heated C. would be heated D. to heat 34. --- “ Did you go to see the football match yesterday? ” ---“ No. I didn ’ t feel well, but I would have gone if I ______. ” A. did B. have C. would D. had 35. If we had known that she had planned to arrive today, we ___

30、___ her at the bus station. A. may have met B. might meet C. may meet D. might have met 36. We ’ re safer in a train than we would be if we ______ any other way. A. traveled B. had traveled C. travel D. have traveled 37. He told me how he had given me shelter and protection with

31、out which I ______ of hunger and cold. A. would be died B. would have died C. would die D. will have died 38. ______ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Was he leaving B. If he is leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 39. Had electronic computers not been invented, many p

32、roblems of space flight ______. A. could be not solved B. could not be solved C. could not have been solved D. could not have solved 40. He is a poorly learnt man. But he acts as though he ______. A. is B. were C. should be D. seems like 41. The driver looked over the engine care

33、fully lest it ______ on the way. A. goes wrong B. go wrong C. went wrong D. would go wrong 42. ______ the fog, we should have reached our destination. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 43. The old man went to office on foot, but he ______ by bus. A. might have g

34、one B. ought have gone C. could have gone D. should be gone 44. He is working hard for fear that he ______ to pass the exam. 第 4 頁(yè) A. fails B. may fail C. should fail D. would fail 45. She put on her glasses in order that she _____. A. can see B. saw C. had seen D. mi

35、ght see 46. Whatever ______ we ’ ll go ahead. A. had happened B. will happen C. might happen D. may be happened 47. If I ______ out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper. A. hadn ’ t run B. shouldn ’ t run C. didn ’ t run D. haven ’ t run 48. But for your advice,

36、I ______ into trouble. A. would get B. got C. might have got D. should get 49. ______ for the traffic jam, I should have covered fifty miles. A. Had it been B. Had it not been C. It had not been D. It not had been 50. Were it not for the adoption of the open policy, things ______ they are today. A. would never be B. could have been C. wou ld never have been D. didn ’ t have 第 5 頁(yè)