基于PROE的加濕器設(shè)計(jì)【小型加濕器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)】【家用加濕器設(shè)計(jì)】【說(shuō)明書+CAD+PROE】
基于PROE的加濕器設(shè)計(jì)【小型加濕器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)】【家用加濕器設(shè)計(jì)】【說(shuō)明書+CAD+PROE】,小型加濕器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),家用加濕器設(shè)計(jì),說(shuō)明書+CAD+PROE,基于PROE的加濕器設(shè)計(jì)【小型加濕器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)】【家用加濕器設(shè)計(jì)】【說(shuō)明書+CAD+PROE】,基于,proe,加濕器,設(shè)計(jì),小型,結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
附表4：
任務(wù)書
所在學(xué)院
專業(yè)
班級(jí)
學(xué)生姓名
學(xué)號(hào)
指導(dǎo)教師
題 目
加濕器設(shè)計(jì)
一、工作內(nèi)容與基本要求：
主要任務(wù)與目標(biāo)：
1、 翻譯2篇與課程相關(guān)的最新英文文獻(xiàn)，文獻(xiàn)翻譯要求在2000字以上；
2、 查閱和整理文獻(xiàn)并提交一篇反映課題內(nèi)容的文獻(xiàn)綜述，文獻(xiàn)綜述在3000字以上；
3、 獨(dú)立完成加濕器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、二維總裝圖及零件圖設(shè)計(jì)、三維圖設(shè)計(jì)，選擇一個(gè)成型零件進(jìn)行加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)，提交一份開題報(bào)告。
4、 按照開題報(bào)告的進(jìn)度計(jì)劃，獨(dú)立進(jìn)行模型設(shè)計(jì)所需的數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算，結(jié)合相關(guān)課程中涉及的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式與經(jīng)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，撰寫論文，論文正文不少于10000字。
研究途徑與方法：
1、 結(jié)合所學(xué)專業(yè)課程，通過(guò)查閱相關(guān)資料，溫習(xí)相關(guān)制圖軟件，完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)；
2、 查閱加濕器相關(guān)資料，分析現(xiàn)有某一型號(hào)加濕器的結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合專業(yè)課程制定畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)劃，搭建論文正文主體框架，繪制2D總裝圖、零件圖、進(jìn)行零件3D造型設(shè)計(jì)、計(jì)算總體方案設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中所涉及的重要數(shù)據(jù)，完善設(shè)計(jì)骨架，匯整豐富說(shuō)明書內(nèi)容，最后對(duì)格式進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化處理，檢索并翻譯外文資料，按論文指導(dǎo)手冊(cè)的要求完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)全部?jī)?nèi)容。
推薦資料、參考文獻(xiàn)：
[1] 《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)》第7版，濮良貴、紀(jì)綱明主編，北京：高等教育出版社，2001
[2] 《機(jī)械基礎(chǔ)綜合課程設(shè)計(jì)》，劉會(huì)英、楊志強(qiáng)主編，北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2007
[3] 《AutoCAD 2009中文版從入門到精通》，唐人科技，北京：中國(guó)青年出版社，2009
[4] 《機(jī)械加工工藝裝備設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》，機(jī)械加工工藝裝備設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)編委會(huì)，北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1998.1
[5]《機(jī)械零件設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》，吳宗澤主編，北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2008.3
[6]《機(jī)械制造技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)》[M] ，盧秉恒，北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2008．
[7] 《完全精通Pro/ENGINEER野火4.0中文版綜合教程》，林清安，電子工業(yè)出版社，2009；
[8] 《機(jī)電類專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)指南》，張桂香主編，機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2005
<參考網(wǎng)站>
中國(guó)模具網(wǎng) http://www.mould.net.cn/
三維網(wǎng)技術(shù)論壇 http://www.3dportal.cn/discuz/
Pro/E天空論壇 http://www.proesky.com/
野火論壇 http://www.proewildfire.cn/
中國(guó)機(jī)械CAD論壇 http://www.jxcad.com.cn/
中國(guó)模具設(shè)計(jì)論壇 http://www.moldbbs.com/forum/
中華設(shè)計(jì)論壇 http://bbs.chinade.net/
設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)要求：
1、 需要標(biāo)識(shí)所涉及的加濕器型號(hào)
2、 注明加濕器的外型尺寸
3、 單片機(jī)溫度控制系統(tǒng)；
注意事項(xiàng)：
1、 零件圖需要有圖框、零件尺寸標(biāo)注需規(guī)范并符合制圖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；
2、 圖紙完整；
3、最終稿2D圖需轉(zhuǎn)成PDF形式保薦并提交電子文檔；
4、需使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工藝卡文件制定工藝卡片；
5、英文翻譯需注明原文出處，并附上PDF格式原文。
二、畢業(yè)論文進(jìn)度計(jì)劃
1、結(jié)合任務(wù)書擬定畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)完成計(jì)劃，并完成開題報(bào)告；
2、檢索并翻譯最新英文文獻(xiàn)；
3、完成產(chǎn)品的2D圖紙?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)；
4、完成產(chǎn)品的3D造型設(shè)計(jì)；
5、確定單片機(jī)溫度控制系統(tǒng)；
6、完成對(duì)應(yīng)模型總裝圖設(shè)計(jì)，總裝圖用2D-CAD繪制，總圖設(shè)計(jì)嚴(yán)格按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，包含零件序號(hào)及零件明細(xì)表等；
7、完成加濕器模型的造型設(shè)計(jì)，并裝配等；
8、對(duì)零件關(guān)鍵尺寸的確定進(jìn)行審核等；
10、結(jié)尾寫出模具設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中個(gè)人的投入、體會(huì)、總結(jié)及收益等；
11、查閱、整理、完善文獻(xiàn)并撰寫一篇反映課題內(nèi)容的文獻(xiàn)綜述，不少于3000字；
12、對(duì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文匯編的所有資料的格式進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化處理；
13、對(duì)全部電子資料進(jìn)行匯整、打包，并以學(xué)號(hào)長(zhǎng)號(hào)命名提交為指導(dǎo)老師；
14、經(jīng)老師指導(dǎo)。修正不當(dāng)之處，將經(jīng)老師確認(rèn)的終稿打印，整理并按時(shí)上交。
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）時(shí)間：2011年 6 月 20 日至2011年 11 月 30 日
計(jì) 劃 答 辯 時(shí) 間： 2011 年 12 月 日
三、專業(yè)（教研室）審批意見：
審批人（簽字）：
工作任務(wù)與工作量要求：原則上查閱文獻(xiàn)資料不少于12篇，其中外文資料不少于2篇；文獻(xiàn)綜述不少于3000字；文獻(xiàn)翻譯不少于2000字；畢業(yè)論文1篇不少于10000字，理工科類論文或設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書不少于6000字（同時(shí)提交有關(guān)圖紙和附件），外語(yǔ)類專業(yè)論文不少于相當(dāng)6000漢字。 提交相關(guān)圖紙、實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告、調(diào)研報(bào)告、譯文等其它形式的成果。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）撰寫規(guī)范及有關(guān)要求，請(qǐng)查閱《寧波大紅鷹學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）指導(dǎo)手冊(cè)》。
備注：學(xué)生一人一題，指導(dǎo)教師對(duì)每一名學(xué)生下達(dá)一份《畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書》。
分 類 號(hào)
密 級(jí)
設(shè)計(jì)
基于PRO/E的加濕器設(shè)計(jì)
所在學(xué)院
專 業(yè)
班 級(jí)
姓 名
XX
學(xué) 號(hào)
XX
指導(dǎo)老師
XX
年 月 日
誠(chéng) 信 承 諾
我謹(jǐn)在此承諾：本人所寫的加濕器設(shè)計(jì)》均系本人獨(dú)立完成，沒有抄襲行為，凡涉及其他作者的觀點(diǎn)和材料，均作了注釋，若有不實(shí)，后果由本人承擔(dān)。
承諾人（簽名）：
年 月 日
摘 要
本課題是加濕器設(shè)計(jì)。利用三維軟件，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基木理論、基木知識(shí)和相關(guān)的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)知識(shí)，完成加濕器的工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)及特定零件的模具設(shè)計(jì)。主要內(nèi)容包括加濕器主題元素的確定、運(yùn)用Pro/Engineer對(duì)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行造型、產(chǎn)品渲染、零件裝配、運(yùn)用CAD結(jié)合Pro/Engineer繪制加工圖紙、設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié)。
關(guān)鍵詞：加濕器，機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)，外觀設(shè)計(jì)，建模
29
Abstract
This topic is the humidifier. Using 3D software, comprehensive use of the school's basic theory, basic knowledge of mechanical design and related professional knowledge, to complete the humidifier industrial design and particular parts of the mold design. The main contents include humidifier theme element is determined, using Pro / Engineer for product modeling, rendering, parts assembly, using CAD combined with Pro / Engineer drawing processing drawings, design summary.
Key Words: Humidifier, mechanical design, industrial design, modeling
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 錄 III
第1章 緒論 5
1.1加濕器定義 5
1.2 加濕器分類 5
1.2.1超聲波加濕器 5
1.2.2純凈型加濕器 6
1.2.3電加熱式加濕器 6
1.2.4浸入式電極加濕器 6
1.2.5冷霧加濕器 7
1.3 加濕器原理 7
1.4 家用加濕器 8
1.4.1特點(diǎn) 8
1.4.2 加濕器與健康 8
1.5三維造型設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展 9
1.6 常用三維軟件的介紹 9
1.6.1 UG 9
1.6.2 SolidWorks 10
1.6.3 Pro/E 10
1.7 Pro/E軟件介紹 10
1.8 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 11
第2章 加濕器的原理方案擬定 11
第3章 基于Pro/Engineer的產(chǎn)品造型及裝配 12
3.1 Pro/Engineer概述 12
3.2加濕器的造型設(shè)計(jì)、 13
3.2.1主體上部設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2.2主體下部設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.3 加濕器的其它小零件組成 21
3.3.1.上蓋零件的創(chuàng)建 21
3.3.2 手柄 25
3.3.3加濕器主體其它零件，由于操作與上類似，不再敘述 26
水箱設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.4裝配各個(gè)零件 28
總結(jié)與展望 32
致 謝 33
參考文獻(xiàn) 34
第1章 緒論
1.1加濕器定義
增加空氣中水蒸氣含量的器件。加濕器是一種增加房間濕度的家用電器。加濕器可以給指定房間加濕，也可以與鍋爐或中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)相連給整棟建筑加濕。
1.2 加濕器分類
加濕器（humidifier）是一種增加房間濕度的家用電器。加濕器可以給指定房間加濕，也可以與鍋爐或中 央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)相連給整棟建筑加濕。
加濕器從使用方面來(lái)講可分為工業(yè)用加濕器和家用加濕器兩個(gè)大的類別。
超聲波加濕器
1.2.1超聲波加濕器
超聲波技術(shù)是世界上一種比較成熟的技術(shù)，已被廣泛應(yīng)用在各種領(lǐng)域。超聲波加濕器采用每秒200萬(wàn)次的超聲波高頻震蕩，將水霧化為1-5微米的超微粒子和負(fù)氧離子，通過(guò)風(fēng)動(dòng)裝置，將水霧擴(kuò)散到空氣中，使空氣濕潤(rùn)并伴生豐富的負(fù)氧離子，達(dá)到均勻加濕，能清新空氣，增進(jìn)健康，一改冬季暖氣的燥熱，營(yíng)造舒適的生活環(huán)境。
1.2.2純凈型加濕器
直接蒸發(fā)型加濕器通常也被稱為純凈型加濕器。純凈加濕技術(shù)則是加濕領(lǐng)域剛剛采用的新技術(shù)，通過(guò) 分子篩蒸發(fā)技術(shù)，除去水中的鈣、鎂離子，徹底解決“白粉”問(wèn)題。通過(guò)水幕洗滌空氣，在加濕的同時(shí)還能對(duì)空氣中的病菌、粉塵、顆粒物進(jìn)行過(guò)濾凈化，再經(jīng)風(fēng)動(dòng) 裝置將濕潤(rùn)潔凈的空氣送到室內(nèi)，從而提高環(huán)境濕度和潔凈度。所以非常適用于有老人和小孩的家庭使用，還可以預(yù)防冬季流感病菌。
超聲波加濕器和純凈型加濕器是建議給兒童購(gòu)買的首選產(chǎn)品，安全系數(shù)高，凈化空氣，除菌加濕能力強(qiáng)，增進(jìn)健康，給孩子一個(gè)舒適的環(huán)境。
純凈型加濕器
1.2.3電加熱式加濕器
熱蒸發(fā)型加濕器也叫電加熱式加濕器。其工作原理是將水在加熱體中加熱到100℃，產(chǎn)生蒸汽，用電機(jī)將蒸汽送出。電加熱式加濕器是技術(shù)最簡(jiǎn)單的加濕方式。
1.2.4浸入式電極加濕器
浸入式電極式加濕器（immersed Electrode humidifier）是利用浸入水中的大面積的電極作為端子,以水作為加熱媒介,當(dāng)電流經(jīng)由水轉(zhuǎn)移電能時(shí),產(chǎn)生熱量,使水沸騰,產(chǎn)生蒸汽. 其特點(diǎn)是成本低,便于安裝和使用.但是精度較低，而且需要定期更換加濕桶維護(hù)。
1.2.5冷霧加濕器
此種加濕器利用風(fēng)扇強(qiáng)制空氣通過(guò)吸水介質(zhì)時(shí)與水接觸、交換來(lái)增加空氣的相對(duì)濕度。此種加濕器的 特點(diǎn)是能隨空氣的相對(duì)濕度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)，即空氣相對(duì)濕度低的時(shí)候加濕量大，空氣相對(duì)濕度高時(shí)，加濕量低；缺點(diǎn)是加濕量低（約為超聲波加濕器的1/5），噪聲相 對(duì)于超聲波加濕器大，但這種加濕器耗能少，噪音低。
1.3 加濕器原理
目前加濕器按用途主要分為家用加濕器和工業(yè)用加濕器兩種類型。
超聲波加濕器采用超聲波高頻震蕩1.7MHZ頻率，將水霧化為1-5微米的超微粒子，通過(guò)風(fēng)動(dòng)裝置，將水霧擴(kuò)散到空氣中，使空氣濕潤(rùn)并伴生豐富的負(fù)氧離子，能清新空氣，增進(jìn)健康，營(yíng)造舒適的環(huán)境。
據(jù)專家介紹，超聲波加濕器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是，加濕強(qiáng)度大，加濕均勻，加濕效率高；節(jié)能、省電，耗電僅為電熱加濕器的1/10至1/15；使用壽命長(zhǎng)，濕度自動(dòng)平衡，無(wú)水自動(dòng)保護(hù)；兼具醫(yī)療霧化、冷敷浴面、清洗首飾等功能。
直接蒸發(fā)型加濕器也通常被稱為純凈型加濕器。純凈加濕技術(shù)則是加濕領(lǐng)域剛剛采用的新技術(shù)，純凈加濕器通過(guò)分子篩蒸發(fā)技術(shù)，除去水中的鈣鎂離子，徹底解決“白粉”問(wèn)題。熱蒸發(fā)型加濕器也叫電熱式加濕器。其工作原理是將水在加熱體中加熱到100度，產(chǎn)生蒸氣，用風(fēng) 機(jī)將蒸氣送出。所以電加熱式加濕器是技術(shù)最簡(jiǎn)單的加濕方式，缺點(diǎn)是能耗較大，不能干燒，安全系數(shù)較低、加熱器上容易結(jié)垢。市場(chǎng)前景不容樂觀。電熱式加濕器 一般和中央空調(diào)配套使用，一般不單獨(dú)使用。 以上三者相比較，電加熱加濕器在使用中沒有“白粉”現(xiàn)象，噪聲低，但耗電大，加濕器上容易結(jié)垢；純凈型加濕器無(wú)“白粉”現(xiàn)象也不結(jié)垢，功率小，具有空氣循環(huán)系統(tǒng)，能夠過(guò)濾空氣且殺滅細(xì)菌。
超聲波加濕器加濕強(qiáng)度大且均勻，耗電量小，使用壽命長(zhǎng)，兼具醫(yī)療霧化、冷敷浴面、清洗首飾等功能。所以，超聲波加濕器和純凈型加濕器還是建議的首選產(chǎn)品。
1.4 家用加濕器
家用加濕器產(chǎn)品集加濕，美容，清新和裝飾于一體的新型電器.產(chǎn)品有別于傳統(tǒng)加濕器，融合多種元素，不再是單一的家電產(chǎn)品.機(jī)器的人性化設(shè)計(jì)：采用風(fēng)量強(qiáng) 勁且噪音低，壽命長(zhǎng)的罩極電機(jī)及創(chuàng)新獨(dú)有的"零噪音設(shè)計(jì)"電路.讓用戶使用更加方便，睡得更加安靜，采用獨(dú)有"零噪音設(shè)計(jì)"的電路，當(dāng)機(jī)器缺水后，風(fēng)機(jī)， 變壓器，線路板全不工作，使你的機(jī)器更加省電，安靜，節(jié)能環(huán)保.采用專利的防溢水，漏電的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，使用機(jī)器安全，適合家庭使用。
1.4.1特點(diǎn)
家用加濕器內(nèi)部霧化動(dòng)力源為超聲波霧化器， 將水霧化超微粒子，通過(guò)風(fēng)動(dòng)裝置均勻的擴(kuò)散到空氣中，均勻加濕空氣，有效的防止家具因空氣干燥而出現(xiàn)裂紋；冷霧還有美容功效，補(bǔ)充肌膚水分，在家即可輕松 進(jìn)行美容護(hù)理；高頻震蕩產(chǎn)生的負(fù)離子，能清除靜電，凈化空氣，讓您永遠(yuǎn)生活在一個(gè)健康舒適的環(huán)境當(dāng)中。產(chǎn)品采用超聲波霧化的技術(shù)，不需添加化學(xué)劑，不需加 熱，將水轉(zhuǎn)化為霧水，同時(shí)釋放大量的負(fù)離子?？钍脚c外觀新穎，設(shè)計(jì)思維獨(dú)特，可作為室內(nèi)裝飾品.采用低噪音結(jié)構(gòu)消除噪音，特別適合老人，寶寶使用。
缺水自動(dòng)停機(jī)裝置，使用安全。
1.4.2 加濕器與健康
為了改善室內(nèi)的干燥環(huán)境，許多家庭都用上了加濕器，而在人們享受著濕潤(rùn)空氣的同時(shí)，室內(nèi)的各種細(xì)菌也在這樣的環(huán)境中生長(zhǎng)繁殖，這些細(xì)菌就是引發(fā)肺炎和呼 吸道疾病的元兇。這種被醫(yī)生們稱為“加濕器肺炎”的疾病，與夏季常見的“空調(diào)病”相似，都是由于有害微生物經(jīng)空氣進(jìn)入了人體的呼吸道并引發(fā)了炎癥造成的。漂浮在空氣中以及散落在灰塵里、物品上的各種微生物，一旦溫度、濕度適宜時(shí)，它們就會(huì)快速地生 長(zhǎng)、繁殖，抵抗力相對(duì)較弱的老人、兒童等人群吸入細(xì)菌后容易感染。冬季室內(nèi)的常見微生物除細(xì)菌外，還有霉菌、放線菌，這些都可引發(fā)肺炎或呼吸道疾病，而該 類病癥引起的痰咳，也會(huì)加速細(xì)菌的傳播。空氣加濕器若不正確使用，同樣也會(huì)對(duì)人體造成一定的傷害。
1.5三維造型設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展
計(jì)算機(jī)繪圖技術(shù)的發(fā)展和計(jì)算機(jī)性能的不斷提高，引發(fā)了工程設(shè)計(jì)的新理念，三維實(shí)體造型設(shè)計(jì)也應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，并以其無(wú)可比擬的優(yōu)越性顯示出強(qiáng)大的生命力。Pro/E、UG等三維繪圖軟件不僅可以較方便地繪制二維視圖，還可以形象逼真地繪制三維視圖。利用這些軟件的強(qiáng)大功能，對(duì)圖形進(jìn)行適時(shí)修改、動(dòng)畫控制和模擬生產(chǎn)過(guò)程，使計(jì)算機(jī)三維實(shí)體繪圖成為越來(lái)越方便的方法。
三維CAD造型技術(shù)也稱建模技術(shù)，它是CAD技術(shù)的核心。建模技術(shù)的研究、發(fā)展和應(yīng)用，代表了CAD技術(shù)的研究、發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。從20世紀(jì)60年代至今，三維建模技術(shù)的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了線框建模、曲面建模、實(shí)體建模、特征建模、參數(shù)化建模、變量化建模，以及當(dāng)今正在研究的產(chǎn)品集成建模、行為建模等發(fā)展過(guò)程。三維CAD以三維造型設(shè)計(jì)為基礎(chǔ)，只要形成了三維模型，各種二維視圖唾手可得。三維CAD技術(shù)在產(chǎn)品的三維造型、虛擬狀配、工程圖生成、動(dòng)態(tài)干涉檢驗(yàn)、機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)分析和動(dòng)態(tài)仿真、有限元分析等方面帶來(lái)了革命性得突破，提高了設(shè)計(jì)效率和設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量。
1.6 常用三維軟件的介紹
1.6.1 UG
UG是美國(guó)EDS公司推出的功能強(qiáng)大、聞名遐邇的CAD/CAM軟件。它的內(nèi)容博大精深，涉及到平面工程圖、三維造型、裝配、制造加工、逆向工程、工業(yè)造型設(shè)計(jì)、注塑模具設(shè)計(jì)、注塑模流道分析、鈑金設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)分析、有限元分析、渲染和動(dòng)畫仿真、工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)交互傳輸、數(shù)控模擬加工十幾個(gè)模塊。它不僅功能強(qiáng)大，其他功能更是無(wú)與倫比，是全球應(yīng)用最廣泛、最優(yōu)秀的大型CAD/CAM軟件，被廣泛應(yīng)用于航天航空、汽車、家用電器、機(jī)械、模具等領(lǐng)域。它具有集成的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)環(huán)境、相關(guān)性、并行協(xié)同性、先進(jìn)性和軟性等特點(diǎn)。
1.6.2 SolidWorks
SolidWorks是由美國(guó)SolidWorks公司開發(fā)的三維機(jī)械CAD軟件，它提供了強(qiáng)大的基于特征的實(shí)體建模功能，用戶可以通過(guò)拉伸、旋轉(zhuǎn)、掃描、放樣、曲面加厚、圓角、變形、彎曲、抽殼以及陣列、鏡像、比例等特征工具進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)。在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中可以方便的添加特征、編輯特征以及將特征重新排序，對(duì)特征和草圖進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)修改，并通過(guò)拖動(dòng)等方式實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)修改。
在進(jìn)行裝配設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，可以快捷地將零部件插入到裝配體中，并利用智能化裝配技術(shù)完成自動(dòng)捕捉和定義裝配關(guān)系?？梢詣?dòng)態(tài)地查看裝配體的所有運(yùn)動(dòng)，并對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)零部件進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)干涉檢查和間隙檢測(cè)。SolidWorks支持自上而下的設(shè)計(jì)方法?？梢栽谘b配體環(huán)境中進(jìn)行零件設(shè)計(jì)，允許新零件以其他零部件為參考并聲稱并聯(lián)關(guān)系。甚至可以在裝配體環(huán)境中開始進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)零件審計(jì)和裝配設(shè)計(jì)的同步進(jìn)行。同時(shí)SolidWorks的工程圖模塊功能也很強(qiáng)大，它能夠?qū)⒘慵蛘哐b配體模型轉(zhuǎn)換成各種二維工程圖，它還具有強(qiáng)大的曲線設(shè)計(jì)、模具設(shè)計(jì)、全相關(guān)的鈑金設(shè)計(jì)以及焊接零件設(shè)計(jì)功能。
1.6.3 Pro/E
Pro/E是當(dāng)今最優(yōu)秀的三維實(shí)體建模軟件之一，以參數(shù)化造型設(shè)計(jì)而聞名，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)造型設(shè)計(jì)、加工制造、機(jī)構(gòu)分析、有限元分析、關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理、逆向工程等，Pro/E最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)是支持同步設(shè)計(jì)，在產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)的過(guò)程中，設(shè)計(jì)者在任何時(shí)候所作的修改都會(huì)調(diào)整到整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中，自動(dòng)更新模型中所有2D、3D的尺寸與工程文件，大大提高了工作效率[1]。
1.7 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容
（1） 應(yīng)用Pro/E進(jìn)行加濕器零件的三維模型創(chuàng)建；
（2） 應(yīng)用Pro/E對(duì)加濕器零件進(jìn)行虛擬裝配設(shè)計(jì)；
第2章 加濕器的原理方案擬定
外觀造型設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì)是重組知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，以整合資源，創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)制，滿足人類社會(huì)健康、合理、可持續(xù)生存發(fā)展的需求。必須以人為本，真正優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該使產(chǎn)品成為消費(fèi)者的朋友，只有當(dāng)產(chǎn)品能使消費(fèi)者的種種要求得到滿足時(shí)，才能是好的設(shè)計(jì)，我們?cè)谫x予產(chǎn)品種種功能時(shí)，必須從消費(fèi)者的立場(chǎng)出發(fā)，不能純粹從功能主義出發(fā)，而忽略了與消費(fèi)者精神上的溝通；優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)應(yīng)該是謹(jǐn)慎的設(shè)計(jì)，產(chǎn)品不同于藝術(shù)品，藝術(shù)品只是與消費(fèi)者在精神上發(fā)生關(guān)系，，而產(chǎn)品則與消費(fèi)者會(huì)在較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生交往，因此必須給消費(fèi)者使用制品時(shí)留有自我表現(xiàn)的余地；優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)突出產(chǎn)品的重要功能而排除非重要的部分，使消費(fèi)者回歸到簡(jiǎn)潔洗練的生活之中。工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)追求的不僅是外觀的美，更要以人為本，滿足人們對(duì)產(chǎn)品使用簡(jiǎn)單、安全、方便等需要，使生活更加簡(jiǎn)約、輕松和自如產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)要體現(xiàn)新世紀(jì)新消費(fèi)觀念“符號(hào)價(jià)值”消費(fèi)在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中所呈現(xiàn)的個(gè)性化、多元化需求，運(yùn)用創(chuàng)意策劃、購(gòu)買相關(guān)專利和創(chuàng)新概念等無(wú)形資產(chǎn)優(yōu)化配置運(yùn)做，增強(qiáng)品牌的文化和個(gè)性含量、創(chuàng)造品牌?？v觀國(guó)際市場(chǎng)，凡是具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的產(chǎn)品“國(guó)際品牌”都包含著優(yōu)良的技術(shù)與優(yōu)良的設(shè)計(jì)兩種要素，其技術(shù)要素的價(jià)值是潛在的，必須通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)才能滿足人們要求的使用價(jià)值。
基于此，我設(shè)計(jì)加濕器的時(shí)候，考慮到青花瓷這一獨(dú)具特色的中國(guó)元素，柔性的線條，使人感到舒適自然，古樸的元素能更好的抓住消費(fèi)者的眼球，綜上所述，加濕器的外形大致確定。
第3章 基于Pro/Engineer的產(chǎn)品造型及裝配
3.1 Pro/Engineer概述
Pro/Engineer操作軟件是美國(guó)參數(shù)技術(shù)公司（PTC)旗下的CAD/CAM/CAE一體化的三維軟件。Pro/Engineer軟件以參數(shù)化著稱，是參數(shù)化技術(shù)的最早應(yīng)用者，在目前的三維造型軟件領(lǐng)域中占有著重要地位，Pro/Engineer作為當(dāng)今世界機(jī)械CAD/CAE/CAM領(lǐng)域的新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而得到業(yè)界的認(rèn)可和推廣。是現(xiàn)今主流的CAD/CAM/CAE軟件之一，特別是在國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域占據(jù)重要位置。
Pro/Engineer 具有以下優(yōu)點(diǎn)：
(1) 參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)。相對(duì)于產(chǎn)品而言，我們可以把它看成幾何模型，而無(wú)論多么復(fù)雜的幾何模型，都可以分解成有限數(shù)量的構(gòu)成特征，而每一種構(gòu)成特征，都可以用有限的參數(shù)完全約束，這就是參數(shù)化的基本概念。
(2) 基于特征建模。Pro/Engineer是基于特征的實(shí)體模型化系統(tǒng)，工程設(shè)計(jì)人員采用具有智能特性的基于特征的功能去生成模型，如腔、殼、倒角及圓角，您可以隨意勾畫草圖，輕易改變模型。這一功能特性給工程設(shè)計(jì)者提供了在設(shè)計(jì)上從未有過(guò)的簡(jiǎn)易和靈活。
(3) 單一數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（全相關(guān)）。Pro/Engineer是建立在統(tǒng)一基層上的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上，不象一些傳統(tǒng)的CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)建立在多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上。所謂單一數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，就是工程中的資料全部來(lái)自一個(gè)庫(kù)，使得每一個(gè)獨(dú)立用戶在為一件產(chǎn)品造型而工作，不管他是哪一個(gè)部門的。換言之，在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的任何一處發(fā)生改動(dòng)，亦可以前后反應(yīng)在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的相關(guān)環(huán)節(jié)上。例如，一旦工程詳圖有改變，NC（數(shù)控）工具路徑也會(huì)自動(dòng)更新；組裝工程圖如有任何變動(dòng)，也完全同樣反應(yīng)在整個(gè)三維模型上。這種獨(dú)特的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與工程設(shè)計(jì)的完整的結(jié)合，使得一件產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合起來(lái)。這一優(yōu)點(diǎn)，使得設(shè)計(jì)更優(yōu)化，成品質(zhì)量更高，產(chǎn)品能更好地推向市場(chǎng)，價(jià)格也更便宜
3.2加濕器的造型設(shè)計(jì)、
3.2.1主體上部設(shè)計(jì)
加濕器的造型設(shè)計(jì)，是加濕器至關(guān)重要的設(shè)計(jì)之一，現(xiàn)階段，在加濕器制造技術(shù)上的差距很小，外形設(shè)計(jì)的好壞，直接關(guān)系到產(chǎn)品是否具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，現(xiàn)將造型過(guò)程，表述如下：
(1) 啟動(dòng)Pro/E，設(shè)置工作目錄
(2) 單擊【文件】→【新建】命令，在打開的“新建”對(duì)話框，選擇模板選項(xiàng)，改名字，之后單擊“確定”按鈕。
(3)單擊草繪特征圖標(biāo)，打開“草繪”操作面板。以TOP面為草繪平面，草繪視圖方向選擇“缺省”，進(jìn)入草繪環(huán)境。在草繪窗口中繪制圖3.2.1車輪剖面及旋轉(zhuǎn)中心線，然后單擊“草繪”工具欄中的圖標(biāo)，結(jié)束草繪創(chuàng)建。
。
圖3.2.1 草繪曲線
(4)單擊旋轉(zhuǎn)工具，打開相應(yīng)操作面板，以上步草繪中間直線為原點(diǎn)軌跡，再單擊完成曲面創(chuàng)建。掃描剖面，及掃描曲面分別如圖3.2.2所示
圖3.2.2掃描剖面
(5) 單抽殼工具，距離為3，單擊，預(yù)覽正確，單擊，完成創(chuàng)建，如圖3.2.4。
點(diǎn)擊，完成抽殼操作。
3.2.2主體下部設(shè)計(jì)
加濕器的造型設(shè)計(jì)，是加濕器至關(guān)重要的設(shè)計(jì)之一，現(xiàn)階段，在加濕器制造技術(shù)上的差距很小，外形設(shè)計(jì)的好壞，直接關(guān)系到產(chǎn)品是否具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，現(xiàn)將造型過(guò)程，表述如下：
(1) 啟動(dòng)Pro/E，設(shè)置工作目錄
(2) 單擊【文件】→【新建】命令，在打開的“新建”對(duì)話框，選擇模板選項(xiàng)，改名字，之后單擊“確定”按鈕。
(3)單擊草繪特征圖標(biāo)，打開“草繪”操作面板。以TOP面為草繪平面，草繪視圖方向選擇“缺省”，進(jìn)入草繪環(huán)境。在草繪窗口中繪制圖3.2.1車輪剖面及旋轉(zhuǎn)中心線，然后單擊“草繪”工具欄中的圖標(biāo)，結(jié)束草繪創(chuàng)建。
圖3.2.1 草繪曲線
(4)單擊旋轉(zhuǎn)工具，打開相應(yīng)操作面板，以上步草繪中間直線為原點(diǎn)軌跡，再單擊完成曲面創(chuàng)建。掃描剖面，及掃描曲面分別如圖3.2.2所示
圖3.2.2掃描剖面
(5) 單抽殼工具，距離為3，單擊，預(yù)覽正確，單擊，完成創(chuàng)建，如圖3.2.4。
點(diǎn)擊，完成抽殼操作。
畫開關(guān)固定孔
3.3 加濕器的其它小零件組成
由于加濕器的外形是流線型的，不能整體制造，否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致無(wú)法安裝內(nèi)部電子元件，為了便于生產(chǎn)制造，現(xiàn)將加濕器整體，拆分成四大零件，分別在加濕器最大直徑，和最小直徑處，將加濕器主體分成三個(gè)部分制造，上面另外加上一個(gè)蓋子，用來(lái)控制出霧和注水用
3.3.1.上蓋零件的創(chuàng)建
加濕器的造型設(shè)計(jì)，是加濕器至關(guān)重要的設(shè)計(jì)之一，現(xiàn)階段，在加濕器制造技術(shù)上的差距很小，外形設(shè)計(jì)的好壞，直接關(guān)系到產(chǎn)品是否具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，現(xiàn)將造型過(guò)程，表述如下：
(1) 啟動(dòng)Pro/E，設(shè)置工作目錄
(2) 單擊【文件】→【新建】命令，在打開的“新建”對(duì)話框，選擇模板選項(xiàng)，改名字，之后單擊“確定”按鈕。
(3)單擊草繪特征圖標(biāo)，打開“草繪”操作面板。以TOP面為草繪平面，草繪視圖方向選擇“缺省”，進(jìn)入草繪環(huán)境。在草繪窗口中繪制圖3.2.1車輪剖面及旋轉(zhuǎn)中心線，然后單擊“草繪”工具欄中的圖標(biāo)，結(jié)束草繪創(chuàng)建。
圖3.2.1 草繪曲線
(4)單擊旋轉(zhuǎn)工具，打開相應(yīng)操作面板，以上步草繪中間直線為原點(diǎn)軌跡，再單擊完成曲面創(chuàng)建。掃描剖面，及掃描曲面分別如圖3.2.2所示
（3）單擊，草繪圖3.2.4曲線，單擊單擊添加材料，長(zhǎng)度5mm即可，單擊，結(jié)果如圖3.3.5。
設(shè)計(jì)通氣孔
圖3.2.4草繪截面
圖3.2.5結(jié)果圖
3.3.2 手柄
3.3.3加濕器主體其它零件，由于操作與上類似，不再敘述
水箱設(shè)計(jì)
水箱蓋子
噴嘴頭座
噴嘴頭
3.4裝配各個(gè)零件
一個(gè)完整的加濕器裝配完成了。
總結(jié)與展望
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)大學(xué)幾年學(xué)習(xí)生活的總結(jié)，通過(guò)這次獨(dú)立的進(jìn)行小型加濕器的設(shè)計(jì)，我擺脫了單純的理論知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)。本次設(shè)計(jì)在一定程度上達(dá)到了我預(yù)先給自己提出的要求，路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮，畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)雖然已經(jīng)結(jié)束，但仍有些問(wèn)題沒有得到圓滿解決本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)為我走出學(xué)校，走向更大的社會(huì)打下了基礎(chǔ)。理論與實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)合鍛煉了我綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，解決實(shí)際工程問(wèn)題的能力，同時(shí)也提高我查閱文獻(xiàn)資料、設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)、設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范以及電腦制圖等其他專業(yè)能力的水平，而且通過(guò)對(duì)整體的掌控，對(duì)局部的取舍，以及對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的斟酌處理，都使我的能力得到了鍛煉，經(jīng)驗(yàn)得到了豐富，抗壓能力及耐力也都得到了不同程度的提升。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容繁多過(guò)程繁瑣，也因?yàn)榇?，我得到了比較全面的鍛煉。加濕器的加濕原理，工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)需要注意到的問(wèn)題，以及注塑機(jī)本身對(duì)模具的要求，這些課本上的知識(shí)，通過(guò)這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，都整合到了一起。和老師的溝通交流，使我明白了從多方面考慮問(wèn)題的必要性，正是這一次設(shè)計(jì)讓我積累了無(wú)數(shù)實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，使我的頭腦更好的被知識(shí)武裝了起來(lái)，也必然會(huì)讓我在未來(lái)的工作學(xué)習(xí)中表現(xiàn)出更高的應(yīng)變能力，更強(qiáng)的溝通力和理解力。
由于首次比較系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品的工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，很大地方的考慮都不夠全面，我會(huì)在今后的工作生活中，逐步完善，爭(zhēng)取早日成為一個(gè)合格的設(shè)計(jì)人員。
此外，本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，使我對(duì)“發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，解決問(wèn)題”這句話有了更深刻的理解，困難本身有時(shí)并不是最大的障礙，通常懼怕困難才是最大的問(wèn)題所在，今后的工作學(xué)習(xí)中，我會(huì)以更大的信心去解決困難。
寧波大紅鷹學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
致 謝
從畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的選題到現(xiàn)在完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文,XX老師給予了我精心的指導(dǎo)和熱情的幫助,尤其在課題設(shè)計(jì)的前期準(zhǔn)備階段和模型設(shè)計(jì)階段導(dǎo)師提出許多寶貴的設(shè)計(jì)意見。在真?zhèn)€設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，XX老師不辭辛勞的督促和指正，都給予了我很大的幫助。在這里表示衷心的感謝。
同時(shí)還應(yīng)感謝我的室友們，還有我的同組成員，在整個(gè)過(guò)程中我們相互討論研究，給予了我很大的幫助，在這里表示感謝。
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參考文獻(xiàn)
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[9] 陳秀寧,施高義.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)課程設(shè)計(jì)[M].浙江大學(xué)出版社 1995.8.
[10] 王宗榮.工程圖學(xué)[M].機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 2001.9.
[11] 吳相憲,王正為,黃玉堂.實(shí)用機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M].中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)出版社 1993.5.
附錄
Home cleaning service-oriented development and current situation of the robot
1 Introduction
In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinese industry, cleaner production and sales volume has increased significantly in China's market has great vitality. With the social progress and development, people's material and spiritual improvement of the quality of the urgent need to clean from the heavy work out. Thus the birth of a service-oriented home cleaning robots, mobile robots will be cleaning technology and the organic integration of technology to achieve the family hotels, office buildings and other indoor environment clean and semi-automatic or fully automatic, so has a broad market prospects. In this paper, cleaning robots, on the domestic and foreign research and its key technologies are introduced, and the development of cleaning robots in the near future a number of issues were discussed.
2 Cleaning robot research at home and abroad
In Europe America and Japan and Other developed countries, the development of cleaning robots earlier, is also a wider range of applications, the last two years, has developed a wide range of market-oriented intelligent cleaning robot.
2.1 Japan produced vacuum cleaner
Japan some company to promote the family in 2002 to use vacuum cleaner robot's trial seize the opportunity [1] in the first half of the year. This robot may when according to the room shape the floor condition, the quantity of refuse carries on the automatic cleaning the work, first along the room all around will walk a memory room shape, then, while avoids the obstacle by vertical, the crosswise way back and forth to move carries on cleanly after the clearing completes, the automatic stopping This vacuum cleaner robot equipment has 50 sensors, but on the other hand on the one hand walks automatically carries on the cleaning. It uses the light and the ultrasonic wave range sensor, the feeling presses the sensor to avoid the obstacle; Built-in has the rotation sensor, uses for to control walks the posture maintains decides marches forward the direction; Has installed the rudder sensor, may examine marches forward the direction error which produces as a result of the rug pattern influence, even if therefore, in the shop has on rug's floor also to be able the straight line advance. In addition, this robot in vivo also installs has prevents heat source and so on dropping variance sensor which, sensation warming stove from high place and so on. Stair rolls down thermal seniors, to examine own receives the external force size definite weight sensor and the skid resistant sensor, the examination increase power load sensor. It may most little maintain with the ordinary obstacle 10 cm the distances but when surveys the heat source, will handle jointly with the heat source will maintain at least 50 cm the distances. Its contour size for wide 292 mm, long 367 mm, high 265 mm, heavy 9.8 kg, the maximum traveling speed is 30 cm/s. When the sensor survey on floor's trash, will enhance the suction to usual15 times, simultaneously the traveling speed drop will be 15 cm/s, will carry on the cleaning carefully. Will not be having trash place by the 30cm/s speed migration the suction also 1O reduce, a charge may work 55 min will sweep clear 80 m2 the rooms, will vacuum the power is 90W.
2.2 Australia's V4 vacuums robot
Australia some company also to develop may go automatically and clean the room the V4 robot. This kind of completely automatic vacuum cleaner surface is smooth, the volume is very small, assumes the circular, the built-in acquisition radar, may search in each kind of room each, will not collide the furniture or other obstacles. Micro processes the small computer to cause it have is turning to roof pinnacle place can survey the direction, choice route of advance's ability. So long as place the completely automatic vacuum cleaner in the ground, it then may start to work automatically. Its acquisition radar can survey's away from the recent wall, is being suitable the first wall attracts floor dust the foreign matter all around; Then back and forth moves anomalous again in room other positions, and can before the close obstacle changes rapidly. Should vacuum the robot, because 360°has provided the obstacle sensor in main engine's periphery, therefore may cleans the ground during the examination wall and obstacle; After cleaning the place which may go, robot on automatic shut-off power source. No matter the room contour and the area size, the
ARNA guidance algorithm guidance robot all not covers up the region movement in any room to carry on the clearing in all directions, because robot guidance along room periphery, therefore it must found her spatial reference diagram, doesn't the robot need any programming "where to teach it to go to". This robot simplicity of operator only has 3 buttons：Starts the conclusion as well as the suspension so long as the people in laid aside simply in needed to sweep clear in the region or the room(this kind of completely automatic vacuum cleaner robot was very light, a hand might easy take up it), pressed down starts the button then.
2.3 Swiss trilobita vacuum cleaner is small “the trilobita”
Is Switzerland develops the production the completely automatic vacuum cleaner. Is small “the trilobita” high 13cm, diameter 35cm, the surface is smooth, assumes the circular, the built-in acquisition radar, may survey rapidly and avoids the table leg, the glassware, the pet or any other obstacles. Once micro processes the small computer to distinguish these obstacles, it may choose the route, and makes to the entire room judges and calculates, guaranteed that the room each corner is swept clear. And so on some do not have the natural barrier place in the staircase stair, so long as has magnet, will be small “the trilobita” then not to surmount. After being small “the trilobita” starts the start, I vivo acquisition radar can survey is away from the recent wall, is being suitable the first wall attracts floor dust and the foreign matter all around, it then can survey like the entire room the pattern, calculates time which the cleaning entire room needs. So long as a close obstacles, it will then establish the line of march, will not leave out each corner. Is small “the trilobita” attracts brushes installs the Chinese dress to have a patent design pulley, may cross the electric wire or the rug edge, is not impeded. When power source insufficiency, will be small “the trilobita” to return to charge automatically Booth to charge voluntarily. If this time room did not have the cleaning to finish, is small “the trilobita” to have the memory function, after sufficient good electricity, return to the original position to continue to vacuum.
2.4 American Rumba (Roomba) vacuum cleaner
By the American some institute artificial intelligence laboratory development’s wisdom automatic vacuum cleaner, the utilization artificial intelligence revolution and the guidance detection technology, cleans each inch floor intelligently, the real suction hole which and revolving matching is in sole possession of brushes, the clean effect is specially good. By the American TIME evolution was in 2002 one of coolest inventions. So long as presses down the switch, the Roomba completely automatic will assign the region to vacuum cleans, bumps into obstacle servo-assisted steering, will meet the staircase also automatically to detect cannot fall down, the special real suction hole, revolving will brush with revolving side brush the design, regardless of will be the rug or the floor, clean will be very convenient. Highly only some 10 cm, diameter 34 cm Roomba may with case sneak under the bed bottom or the sofa carries on cleans. The Roomba pattern is by mathematics operation idea design movement route. After Roomba start, will follow the spiral-shaped route revolution, by the helix revolution way which will expand gradually covers the space, when will bump will touch the wall or the furniture and so on large-scale obstacle, its special obstacle induction regulator can resist the wall surface protection fuselage not to receive damages, Roomba along the wall or the furniture advance, by now the body side hair brush sweeps into the corner perhaps the furniture edge sully dust detritus in the vacuum cleaner. Have swept clear part of space after the wall or the furniture, Roomba will transfer a 90°direction and sweeps the room according or the above route another head, was so alternately redundant, the screw revolution route to be possible back and forth to attract the room, the cleaning finishes namely the automatic stopping. This only heavy 2.5Kg, selects the charge method the vacuum cleaner convenience to be practical, the selling price is only 200 US dollars, already went on the market in Europe and America.
2.5 Domestic present situation
Domestic also started the related research development work at present, specially was moving robot’s movement plan and the control aspect has achieved certain achievement, vacuumed the robot for the research developed the omni-directional motion ground cleaning robot, this robot’s control system could explain the remote control signal accurately, and to organism issuing working order, momentarily received “the eye”(i.e. infrared light electric switch and supersonic sensor) the sensation four direction exterior barrier information, and requested the robot to make straight line or to change the movement according to the above, marched forward, it did not stop rotates the floor to brush, filled in “the stomach” completed the ground in dust, this kind of robot one time charged works sustainably for a half hour, had the intelligent power source management function, lengthened the running time, the average each minute running speed is 15m. in addition, should vacuum the robot to use the open style robot control structure, realizes the hardware to be possible to expand, the software to be possible to transplant, may to integrate, enables the robot to have the better function compatibility as the service carrier. At the same time, other colleges and universities to moved vacuum the robot also to do the massive research work, has made many progresses.
3 Vacuum robot’s key technologies
A idealization to vacuum the robot assembly system to be usually composed of four parts: the shifting mechanism, the sensation system, the control system and vacuum the system. The shifting mechanism is vacuum robot’s main body, had decided vacuum cleaners’ movement space, uses the wheeled organization generally; the sensation system uses the ultrasonic wave distance gauge, the contact and the close sensor, the infrared sensor and the CCD camera generally and so on; along with the recent years computer technology, the artificial intelligence technology, the sensing technology as well as the motion robot technology’s rapidly expand, vacuumed the robot control system’s research and the development has had the solid foundation and the good prospects for development. Vacuums robot’s control and the working conditions often is indefinite or changeable, must therefore give dual attention to the security reliability, the anti jamming as well as understand the environment through the suitable modeling method, obtain the environment more information, in recent years indicated to intelligent robot’s research, regarding the work in the multiple structure environment’s independent- like migration robot, must further enhance its independent degree, mainly depends upon the pattern recognition and the intelligence method, but also needs to further develop the overall situation model, thus gains the overall situation information influence big key technologies is : the multi-sensor fusion technology, vacuum the technology, the Chinese Journal of Power Source and so on.
3.1 Way plan technology
The way plan is the working conditions information which arrives according to the robot sensation, according to some kind of optimized target, plans one in the initial station and the target point with the environment barrier non-collision’s way, and realizes must sweep clear the region the reasonable complete way cover, its essence is moves in the robot rate process the guidance and evades bumps. The robot working conditions are different, divide into the static structurization environment, the dynamic sixth branch to know the environment and the dynamic indefinite environment. Since the 1970s research, has moved robot’s way plan to be different according to the robot gain environmental information way, divides into three type[3] approximately: ①Based on the model way plan, mainly processes the structurized environment, the plan method has the grid law ,to be possible the view law, the analysis sites law and so on; ②Based on the sensor information’s way plan, mainly uses in the non-structurized environment, overcomes the factor which the environmental condition or the shape are unable to predict that the method has the artificial potential field law, the determination grid law and the fuzzy logic algorithm and so on; ③behavior based mobile robot path planning is the light mobile robot path planning problem for research in the new trends, is the navigation problem is decomposed into many relatively independent unit that acts primitives such as collision avoidance, target tracking, guidance. With the development of computer technology and the development of sensor technology, multi-sensor integration and information fusion technology in intelligent robot has obtained the widespread application, unstructured environment, mobile robot is the robot technology development, based on multi-sensor information fusion for mobile robot obstacle avoidance strategy and path planning technology is one of the key technology for.
3.2 Multi-sensor fusion technology
In order to make the robot vacuum cleaners work, must be on the position of the robot, posture, speed and system state monitoring, and robotic perception the working environment of static and dynamic information, the robot cleaner corresponding work order and operation content can be naturally adapt to changes in the work environment, usually divided into internal and external sensor, wherein the internal sensor encoder, linear accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetic compass is used to control and monitor the robot itself; the external sensor includes visual sensors, ultrasonic sensors, infrared sensors, contact and proximity sensor, installed in the robot itself for the sense of purpose external environment information. From the domestic cleaning robot can be seen, the cleaning robot uses a large number of sensors, effectively putting a lot of sensor observation information fusion processing, thus enabling the robot to obtain the most substantial external environment information, its main advantage is in the same observation conditions, can coordinate the use of multiple sensors, the distributions in different positions the more homogeneous or heterogeneous sensor provided by the local incomplete measurements and related database of relevant information to be integrated, elimination of multiple sensor has complex and contradictory, and complementary, to reduce uncertainty, and thus access to the object or environment consistency description, this is a single sensor cannot be obtained. Application of multi-sensor fusion technology to improve the mobile robot, obstacle recognition environment modeling, obstacle avoidance accuracy plays an important role in fusion methods mainly include: the Kalman filtering method, Bayes estimation method, statistical measures, D - s inference method, fuzzy logic method and production rules.
3.3 Vacuum technical
The vacuum cleaner is composed of high-speed rotation of the fan in the body is formed inside a vacuum thereby to produce strong airflow, the dust and dirt suction through the suction machine body of dust filter bag. Vacuum system includes a dust filter, dust bag, exhaust pipes and other accessories, the dust suction capacity depends on the size of the fan speed. Recently, an Australian company developed a new principle of air dust filter. The vacuum cleaner is a closed system, neither the external air suction, and inorganic from gas discharge, so no dust filter, dust bag, an exhaust pipe and other accessories the principle is to use the Coanda effect to form a low pressure gas vortex, the sediment trapped within the vortex chamber of vacuum cleaner.
3.4 Chinese Journal of power sources
Mobile power in cleaning robot plays an important role, it is the source of life of cleaning robot. Mobile power required for moving mechanism with power, control circuit for providing a stable voltage, for vacuum operation module and sensing observation module providing energy. In this field, generally used as mobile power chemical batteries, lead-acid batteries, such as NiCd, NiMi ideal power supply in the discharge process should be able to have: ① to maintain a constant voltage; the small resistance to quickly discharge; ③ rechargeable; the cost is low characteristic. But without a battery may also have these advantages. As a result of indoor mobile robot with small volume, light weight, so the power of the volume weight is also an important consideration, which requires the designer to select a small size, large capacity, can be repeated use of high battery, as much as possible to increase suction machine uninterrupted working time.
4 Conclusion with forecast
Robot vacuum cleaner as a service robot in the field of a new product, will make people in the unattended condition easily complete the indoor environment cleaning work. Therefore, the cleaning robot can mass production to reduce costs, lower prices to enter the market, will have a great market prospect, relevant information is also predicted the cleaning robot is the next few years demand is the largest service robot. Although the country by external cleaning robot research and development has made some achievements, but the cost is too high and many key technical problems to be solved mainly in the following 3 aspects:
(1)at present, the high price is a serious major factors affecting cleaning robots into the home appliance market, in order to significantly reduce the cost, must develop a smart sensor dedicated motion control of digital processing chips; Secondly should see the application of Bluetooth technology in the household appliance industry, through the use of Bluetooth technology to transfer the digital processor of high cost on the user's PC, is expected in the short term to reduce the cost of cleaning robots in thousand Yuan.
(2) future of sucking dust robot will to independent type and artificial intelligent of development, so must combination existing of based on since adaptation control, and forecast control, and fuzzy logic, and neural network, mobile robot movement planning and control technology, research on environment obstacles with does security reliable of anti-collision function of intelligent movement planning and controller and the efficient of sensor fusion algorithm, is in reality environment in the implementation has good of since adaptability and robustness behavior of robot of key.
(3) power supply technology is one of the core problems of cleaning robots work, in addition to robot movement outside, dust control and power circuits, also need to optimize automatic charging, charge to ensure the robot can keep up to date with auto-complete cleaning tasks for the specified environment. Study of improving life expectancy, reducing the volume of chemical batteries at the same time, a new proton exchange membrane fuel cell with big power, high energy, long life and small advantages, provided a suitable power supply for mobile power, at present, the Shanghai fuel cell research at a University in this area is a good attempt. As the key technology of cleanin
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