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風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)
風(fēng)能是非常重要并儲(chǔ)量巨大的能源，它安全、清潔、充裕，能提供源源不絕，穩(wěn)定的能源。目前，利用風(fēng)力發(fā)電已成為風(fēng)能利用的主要形式，受到世界各國(guó)的高度重視，而且發(fā)展速度最快。風(fēng)能技術(shù)是一項(xiàng)高新技術(shù)，它涉及到氣象學(xué)、空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、電子控制技術(shù)、材料學(xué)、化學(xué)、機(jī)電工程、電氣工程、環(huán)境科學(xué)等十幾個(gè)學(xué)科和專業(yè)，因此是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)技術(shù)，其難度毫不遜色于航天技術(shù)。
1風(fēng)能技術(shù)的劃分
風(fēng)能技術(shù)分為大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)和中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)，雖然都屬于風(fēng)能技術(shù)，工作原理也相同，但是卻屬于完全不同的兩個(gè)行業(yè)：具體表現(xiàn)在“政策導(dǎo)向不同、市場(chǎng)不同、應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域不同、 應(yīng)用技術(shù)更是不同，完全屬于同種產(chǎn)業(yè)中的兩個(gè)行業(yè)。因此，在中國(guó)風(fēng)力機(jī)械行業(yè)會(huì)議上已經(jīng)把大型風(fēng)電和中小型風(fēng)電區(qū)分出來(lái)分別對(duì)待。此外，為滿足市場(chǎng)不同需求，延伸出來(lái)的風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)技術(shù)不僅推動(dòng)了中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展，還為中小型風(fēng)電開辟了新的市場(chǎng)。
1.1大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)
我國(guó)大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)與國(guó)際還有一定差距。
大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)起源于丹麥、荷蘭等一些歐洲國(guó)家，由于當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)能資源豐富，風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)受到政府的助推， 大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)和設(shè)備的發(fā)展在國(guó)際上遙遙領(lǐng)先。 目前我國(guó)政府也開始助推大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展，并出臺(tái)一系列政策引導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)都是為大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組設(shè)計(jì)的，而大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組應(yīng)用區(qū)域?qū)Νh(huán)境的要求十分嚴(yán)格，都是應(yīng)用在風(fēng)能資源豐富的資源有限的風(fēng)場(chǎng)上，常年接受各種各樣惡劣的環(huán)境考研，環(huán)境的復(fù)雜多變性，對(duì)技術(shù)的高度要求就直線上升。目前國(guó)內(nèi)大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)普遍還不成熟，大型風(fēng)電的核心技術(shù)仍然依靠國(guó)外，國(guó)家政策的引導(dǎo)使國(guó)內(nèi)的風(fēng)電項(xiàng)目發(fā)瘋一樣在各地上馬，各地都期望能借此分得一杯羹。名副其實(shí)的“瘋電”借著政策的東風(fēng)開始燎原之勢(shì)。雖然風(fēng)電項(xiàng)目紛紛上馬，但多為配套類型，完全擁有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的大型風(fēng)電系統(tǒng)技術(shù)和核心技術(shù)少之又少。還需經(jīng)歷幾年環(huán)境考驗(yàn)的大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)才能逐漸成熟。此外，大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)中發(fā)電并網(wǎng)的技術(shù)還在完善，一系列的問題還在制約大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展。
1.2 中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)
我國(guó)中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)可以與國(guó)際相媲美。
在本世紀(jì) 70 年代中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)在我國(guó)風(fēng)況資源較好的內(nèi)蒙、 一帶就已經(jīng)得到了發(fā)展， 最初中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用在送電到鄉(xiāng)的項(xiàng)目中為一家一戶的農(nóng)牧民家用供電，隨著技術(shù)的更新不斷的完善與發(fā)展，不僅能單獨(dú)應(yīng)用還能與光電組合互補(bǔ)已被廣泛應(yīng)用于分布式獨(dú)立供電。這些年來(lái)隨著我國(guó)中小型風(fēng)電出口的穩(wěn)步提升。在國(guó)際上，我國(guó)的中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)和風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)技術(shù)已躍居國(guó)際領(lǐng)先地位。
中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)成熟受自然資源限制相對(duì)較小，作為分布式獨(dú)立發(fā)電效果顯著不僅可以并網(wǎng)，而且還能結(jié)合光電形成更穩(wěn)定可靠的風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)技術(shù)，況且技術(shù)完全自主國(guó)產(chǎn)化。無(wú)論從技術(shù)還是價(jià)格在國(guó)際上都十分具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)；加上現(xiàn)在在國(guó)際已打響了中小型風(fēng)電的中國(guó)品牌；“墻內(nèi)開花墻外香”已愈演愈烈。在國(guó)內(nèi)最具技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力中小型風(fēng)力發(fā)電一直是被政府和政策遺忘的一個(gè)角落，究其原因，在早期國(guó)家一直把中小型風(fēng)力發(fā)電定位到內(nèi)蒙、等偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)農(nóng)牧民使用且歸入農(nóng)機(jī)類，價(jià)格低廉、粗制濫造、性能可靠度低、安全無(wú)保障使用地多為人煙稀少區(qū)、國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)大多都在喪失可靠性的前提下大打價(jià)格戰(zhàn)；在人們潛意識(shí)里形成較差的認(rèn)識(shí)，因此得不到國(guó)家的重視和發(fā)展。
目前國(guó)內(nèi)中小型風(fēng)電的技術(shù)中“低風(fēng)速啟動(dòng)、低風(fēng)速發(fā)電、變槳矩、多重保護(hù)等等一系列技術(shù)得到國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的矚目和國(guó)際客戶的一致認(rèn)可，已處于國(guó)際領(lǐng)先地位。況且中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)最終是為滿足分布式獨(dú)立供電的終端市場(chǎng)，而非如大型風(fēng)電技術(shù)是滿足發(fā)電并網(wǎng)的國(guó)內(nèi)壟斷性市場(chǎng)，技術(shù)的更新速度必須適應(yīng)廣闊而快速發(fā)展的市場(chǎng)需求。
1.3風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)技術(shù)
風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)技術(shù)是整合了中小型風(fēng)電技術(shù)和太陽(yáng)能技術(shù)，綜合了各種應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的新技術(shù)，其涉及的領(lǐng)域之多、應(yīng)用范圍之廣、技術(shù)差異化之大，是各種單獨(dú)技術(shù)所無(wú)法比擬的。
風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能是目前全球在新能源利用方面技術(shù)最成熟、最具規(guī)?；彤a(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的行業(yè)，單獨(dú)的風(fēng)能和單獨(dú)的太陽(yáng)能都有其開發(fā)的弊端，而風(fēng)力發(fā)電和太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電兩者互補(bǔ)性的結(jié)合實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩種新能源在自然資源的配置方面、技術(shù)方案的整合方面、性能與價(jià)格的對(duì)比方面都達(dá)到了對(duì)新能源綜合利用的最合理，不但降低了滿足同等需求下的單位成本，而且擴(kuò)大了市場(chǎng)的應(yīng)用范圍，還提高了產(chǎn)品的可靠性。
此外：太陽(yáng)能和風(fēng)能同屬新能源，太陽(yáng)能比風(fēng)能起步要晚的多，太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電 30 元/瓦左右的價(jià)格受大眾所認(rèn)可， 可轉(zhuǎn)化率僅有 15%左右； 而中小型風(fēng)力發(fā)電的價(jià)格僅為同等的 1/5-1/6 轉(zhuǎn)化率卻有60%-80%，僅此低的價(jià)格更有甚者還在打壓，光電生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中對(duì)環(huán)境造成的污染遠(yuǎn)大于風(fēng)電，卻比風(fēng)電能得到長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展，這樣的對(duì)比反差耐人沉思，如果從人們用能的角度，最終是為了滿足用電，從發(fā)電量來(lái)衡量風(fēng)能的成本要比太陽(yáng)能經(jīng)濟(jì)許多。
風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)整合了太陽(yáng)能和風(fēng)能優(yōu)勢(shì)，不僅為“節(jié)能、減排”開辟了新的天地，以應(yīng)用科學(xué)來(lái)滿足人類需求，為世界進(jìn)入第四次革命打開了一頁(yè)。
2 風(fēng)力發(fā)電有三種運(yùn)行方式
一是獨(dú)立運(yùn)行方式，通常是一臺(tái)小型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)向一戶或幾戶提供電力，它用蓄電池蓄能，以保證無(wú)風(fēng)時(shí)的用電；二是風(fēng)力發(fā)電與其他發(fā)電方式（如柴油機(jī)發(fā)電）相結(jié)合，向一個(gè)單位或一個(gè)村莊或一個(gè)海島供電；三是風(fēng)力發(fā)電并入常規(guī)電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行，向大電網(wǎng)提供電力，常常是一處風(fēng)電場(chǎng)安裝幾十臺(tái)甚至幾百臺(tái)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)，這是風(fēng)力發(fā)電的主要發(fā)展方向。
在風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中兩個(gè)主要部件是風(fēng)力機(jī)和發(fā)電機(jī)。風(fēng)力機(jī)向著變漿距調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)、發(fā)電機(jī)向著變速恒頻發(fā)電技術(shù)，這是風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)，也是當(dāng)今風(fēng)力發(fā)電的核心技術(shù)。下面簡(jiǎn)單介紹這兩方面的情況。
2.1 風(fēng)力機(jī)的變漿距調(diào)節(jié)
風(fēng)力機(jī)通過(guò)葉輪捕獲風(fēng)能，將風(fēng)能轉(zhuǎn)換為作用在輪轂上的機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)矩。
變距調(diào)節(jié)方式是通過(guò)改變?nèi)~片迎風(fēng)面與縱向旋轉(zhuǎn)軸的夾角，從而影響葉片的受力和阻力，限制大風(fēng)時(shí)風(fēng)機(jī)輸出功率的增加，保持輸出功率恒定。采用變距調(diào)節(jié)方式，風(fēng)機(jī)功率輸出曲線平滑。在額定風(fēng)速以下時(shí)，控制器將葉片攻角置于零度附近，不做變化，近似等同于定漿距調(diào)節(jié)。在額定風(fēng)速以上時(shí)，變漿距控制結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生作用，調(diào)節(jié)葉片攻角，將輸出功率控制在額定值附近。變漿距風(fēng)力機(jī)的起動(dòng)速度較定漿距風(fēng)力機(jī)低，停機(jī)時(shí)傳遞沖擊應(yīng)力相對(duì)緩和。正常工作時(shí)，主要是采用功率控制，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，功率與風(fēng)速的立方成正比。較小的風(fēng)速變化會(huì)造成較大的風(fēng)能變化。
由于變漿距調(diào)節(jié)風(fēng)力機(jī)受到的沖擊較之其它風(fēng)力機(jī)要小得多， 可減少材料使用率， 降低整體重量。且變距調(diào)節(jié)型風(fēng)力機(jī)在低風(fēng)速時(shí)， 可使槳葉保持良好的攻角， 比失速調(diào)節(jié)型風(fēng)力機(jī)有更好的能量輸出，因此比較適合于平均風(fēng)速較低的地區(qū)安裝。
變距調(diào)節(jié)的另外一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是，當(dāng)風(fēng)速達(dá)到一定值時(shí)，失速型風(fēng)力機(jī)必須停機(jī)，而變距型風(fēng)力機(jī)可以逐步變化到一個(gè)槳葉無(wú)負(fù)載的全翼展開模式位置，避免停機(jī)，增加風(fēng)力機(jī)發(fā)電量。
變距調(diào)節(jié)的缺點(diǎn)是對(duì)陣風(fēng)反應(yīng)要求靈敏。失速調(diào)節(jié)型風(fēng)機(jī)由于風(fēng)的振動(dòng)引起的功率脈動(dòng)比較小，而變距調(diào)節(jié)型風(fēng)力機(jī)則比較大，尤其對(duì)于采用變距方式的恒速風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)，這種情況更明顯，這樣不要求風(fēng)機(jī)的變距系統(tǒng)對(duì)陣風(fēng)的響應(yīng)速度要足夠快，才可以減輕此現(xiàn)象。
2.2 變速恒頻風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)
變速恒頻風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)常采用交流勵(lì)磁雙饋型發(fā)電機(jī)，其結(jié)構(gòu)如圖 1 所示。它的結(jié)構(gòu)類似繞線型感應(yīng)電機(jī)，只是轉(zhuǎn)子繞組上加有滑環(huán)和電刷，這樣一來(lái)，轉(zhuǎn)子的轉(zhuǎn)速與勵(lì)磁的頻率有關(guān)，從而，使得雙饋型發(fā)電機(jī)的內(nèi)部電磁關(guān)系既不同于異步發(fā)電機(jī)又不同于同步發(fā)電機(jī)，但它卻具有異步機(jī)和同步機(jī)的某些特性。
交流勵(lì)磁雙饋?zhàn)兯俸泐l風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)不僅可以通過(guò)控制交流勵(lì)磁的幅值、相位、頻率來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)變速恒頻，還可以實(shí)現(xiàn)有功、無(wú)功功率控制，對(duì)電網(wǎng)而言還能起無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)淖饔谩?
交流勵(lì)磁變速恒頻雙饋發(fā)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)有如下優(yōu)點(diǎn):
允許原動(dòng)機(jī)在一定范圍內(nèi)變速運(yùn)行，簡(jiǎn)化了調(diào)整裝置，減少了調(diào)速時(shí)的機(jī)械應(yīng)力。同時(shí)使機(jī)組控制更加靈活、方便，提高了機(jī)組運(yùn)行效率。
需要變頻控制的功率僅是電機(jī)額定容量的一部分，使變頻裝置體積減小，成本降低，投資減少。
調(diào)節(jié)勵(lì)磁電流幅值，可調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)出的無(wú)功功率；調(diào)節(jié)勵(lì)磁電流相位，可調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)出的有功功率。應(yīng)用矢量控制可實(shí)現(xiàn)有、無(wú)功功率的獨(dú)立調(diào)節(jié)。
3 風(fēng)能技術(shù)的發(fā)展需要不斷的創(chuàng)新
目前，我國(guó)風(fēng)能發(fā)展中技術(shù)創(chuàng)新還很薄弱，缺乏有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的核心技術(shù)。因此，在很大程度上還要從國(guó)外引進(jìn)技術(shù)。雖然，在知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)到來(lái)的時(shí)代，所有國(guó)家都充分利用全球資源，通過(guò)技術(shù)引進(jìn)和國(guó)際合作來(lái)縮小差距，提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。但是，如果沒有自主創(chuàng)新能力，就不知道引進(jìn)什么先進(jìn)技術(shù)，引進(jìn)以后也沒有能力消化吸收，更不能進(jìn)行再創(chuàng)新，這是一方面；另一方面，國(guó)外的核心技術(shù)是引進(jìn)不來(lái)的，必須靠自主創(chuàng)新來(lái)掌握核心技術(shù)；再者，國(guó)內(nèi)的自主創(chuàng)新技術(shù)需要政策給予配套、引導(dǎo)、扶持，擁有核心技術(shù)的風(fēng)能產(chǎn)品要加大扶持力度，這樣“墻內(nèi)開花墻外香”的局面才能得以改變，創(chuàng)新的動(dòng)力才能來(lái)自不斷的創(chuàng)新。
總之：風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)中的風(fēng)能技術(shù)已從單一發(fā)電向各個(gè)需要用電的領(lǐng)域不斷的創(chuàng)新，其附加產(chǎn)品也應(yīng)運(yùn)而生如:路燈、景觀、交通監(jiān)控、通訊、灌溉、種植、養(yǎng)殖、海水淡化、防火、警報(bào)、海島高山等?？梢婏L(fēng)能這個(gè)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展能帶動(dòng)了無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展與轉(zhuǎn)型，而風(fēng)能在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用技術(shù)成了這些產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的風(fēng)向標(biāo)。即將引發(fā)的世界革命必將來(lái)自于以風(fēng)能技術(shù)等新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)的革命。
附錄B
Wind Power Generation Technology
Wind is very important and reserves of energy, it is safe, clean, and can provide abundant energy, stability of the stream. Now, use wind power has become the main form of wind, the world's attention, and the fastest.
Wind energy technology is a high-tech; it relates more than a dozen of subjects, including meteorology,aerodynamics, structural mechanics, computer technology, electronic control technology,material science,chemistry, electrical engineering, electrical engineering, so the difficulty of a system technology may beyond the difficulty of space technology.
First, The division of wind energy technologies:
Wind energy technology is divided into large-scale wind power technology and small and medium sized wind power technology, although both are wind energy technology, working principles are the same, the two industries are completely different: specific performance of the "policy orientation is different in different markets, different applications, applied technology is different, totally belong to the same kinds of industries in the two sectors. Therefore, in China machinery industry meeting on the wind to large wind power and wind power to distinguish between small and medium treated separately. In addition, to meet different market needs, extending from the wind and solar technology has not only promoted the development of small wind power technology, but also for the small wind power opens up new markets.
1. Large-scale wind power technology:
The technology of large-scale wind power in China still has a certain gap between international.
The technology of large-scale wind power technology originated in Denmark and some other European countries, the wind power industry propelled by the government, because of the local wind resource-rich,large-scale wind power technology and equipment ahead of the international development. Our government has also started to boost the development of large-scale wind power technology, and a range of policies to guide industry development. Large-scale wind power technology are for the large-scale wind turbine design,wind turbine applications for large area on the very strict environmental requirements are applied to limited resources, wind energy resource-rich wind field, to accept a variety of perennial bad environment that something was the complex nature of the environment, high demands on the technology up on the line.Currently large-scale wind power technology in general is not yet ripe, the core technology of large-scale wind power still rely on foreign, national policy guidance to the domestic wind power project launched in various places, like crazy, all over look forward to slice. Worthy of the name "mad electricity" through the wind began to Negative effect and Precaution policy. Although wind power projects have been started, but more as complementary type, complete with independent intellectual property rights of large-scale wind power systems technology and core technology few. The test environment needs to have been a large-scale wind power technology to mature. In addition, the large-scale wind power generation technology and network technology has also improved a number of issues still restrict the development of large-scale wind power technology.
2. The technology of small wind power:
The technology of small wind power in China could compare with the international technology.
In 1970s, the small wind power technology in China had been developed which has wind resources for a better situation, including Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang areas, the first small wind power technology is widely used in power transmission project to the Township for a one of farmers and herdsmen household power supply, continuously updated as the technology improvement and development, not only alone but also with the combination of complementary optical has been widely used in distributed independent power supply. These years as Chinese exports of small and medium wind steadily. Internationally, China's small and medium sized wind power technology and wind and solar technology have leapt to international leadership.
Small wind power technology is mature and relatively small by natural resource constraints, distributed independent power as a significant effect not only connected, but also the formation of more stable and reliable combination of optical complementary technologies scenery Moreover, technology is completely self-localization. Both from a technical or price in the international arena are very competitive; with international has now started a small wind power in China brand; "wall flower wall Hong" has intensified. In the country's most technical advantages and competitiveness of small and medium wind power has always been forgotten by the government and policy in a corner of reasons, in the early states has been to locate the small and medium sized wind power in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, farmers and herdsmen in remote areas to use and return into the agricultural class, low cost, shoddy, low-performance reliability, security, no security of land mostly sparsely populated areas, most of the domestic market are subject to loss of reliability of large price war; in people subconsciously form a poor understanding of So get national attention and development.
Domestic small wind power technology in the "low wind start, low wind speed generation, pitch moment, multiple protection, and a series of technical attention by the international market and international clients
unanimously approved, has a leading position. Moreover, the small and medium Wind power technology is ultimately distributed independent power supply to meet end-market, rather than large-scale wind power generation and network technologies to meet the domestic monopoly market, technology, update rate must be adapted to a broad and rapidly growing market.
3. wind and solar technology:
Wind is the integration of technical skills and the Small and Medium Wind Energy Solar Energy Technology, combines a variety of applications of new technology, and it covers many areas, the wide range of applications, technical differentiation is so great that a variety of techniques which can separate match.
Wind and solar power is currently the world in the use of new energy technology the most mature, most large-scale and industrial development of the industry, separate and individual solar wind has its drawbacks of development, but both wind and solar power complementary combined to realize the two new configuration of energy in natural resources, the technical programs of integration, performance and price compared to aspects of the new energy source for the most reasonable, not only reduces the demand to meet under the same unit cost and expand the scope of application of the market, also increases the reliability of the product.
In addition: solar and wind power are both new energy, solar energy than the wind started to be late more than 30 per solar PV / W by the general public about the price of recognition can be converted to a 15% rate;while the price of small wind power conversion rate is only 1/5-1/6 of the same 60% -80%, only the low price Worse still suppressed, photoelectric production of pollution on the environment greater than wind power, than substantial development in wind energy, this comparison contrast twist of meditation ......, if people use the energy from the point of view, our goal is to meet the electricity from wind power generating capacity to measure the cost of solar energy economy than many .
Wind, solar and wind power integration advantages, not only for the "energy saving, emission reduction,"opened up new horizons for the application of science to meet human needs, for the world to open a fourth
Revolution.
Second，Wind power has three kinds of operation mode:
one is independent operation mode, usually a small wind generators to one or a few families to provide power, storage battery energy, to ensure the electricity without wind, Second is the wind turbines and other power mode (such as engine power), combining to a unit or an village or an island power supply, Three is wind power into conventional power operate and to provide electric power grid, is often a wind tens or hundreds of sets installed wind generators, this is the main development direction of wind power.
Wind power system in the two main parts is wind machine and generators. Wind turbines to change from adjusting technique, plasma generator toward VSCF technology, this is the development trend of wind power technology is the core technology nowadays wind turbines. The following simple introduction of this two respects.
1 the change of wind plasma from regulation
Wind turbines impeller, will capture the wind by converting wind effects on the mechanical wheel
torque.
Change is the change from adjustment with vertical axis wind leaf surface of Angle, thus affecting the force and the blade, when the wind resistance increases, the output power of the fan is kept constant power output. By regulating mode, fan from the output power curve is smooth. In the rated wind leaf Angle of attack,controller will be placed near zero, do not change, approximate distance equal to adjust for pulp. In the rated wind above, variable structure control function from pulp, adjust the blade Angle of attack, the output power control in near ratings. Change from the wind plasma starting from wind speed is set slurry machine downtime at low impact stress relative ease. The normal work, is mainly adopts power control, in practical applications, power and speed is directly proportional to the set. Small changes will cause the wind changes of wind.
Due to the change of wind from pulp by adjusting the impact than other wind from small, can reduce material utilization rate, reduce overall weight. And the change of wind from accommodation type at low speed, can make the blades, keep good Angle of attack than accommodation type stall wind turbines have better energy output, therefore is suitable for low average speed of the region.
Change from another advantage of regulation, when the winds reach a certain value, stall type of wind and downtime, must from type machine can gradually changes to the wind load without a blades of open mode, avoid wing, increase of wind turbine.
Change is to adjust the defect is sensitive response requires gusts. Because the wind accommodation type
stall fan vibration power pulse are small, and accommodation type from wind turbines is bigger, especially for the change from the constant speed windmills way, this kind of circumstance, this does not require more obvious change in the fan is the response speed of wind system to fast enough, can reduce this phenomenon.
Third, the development of wind energy technology requires constant innovation:
At present, China's wind energy development in technological innovation is still very weak, the lack of core technologies with independent intellectual property. Thus, much would import technology from abroad.Although the arrival of knowledge economy era, all countries take full advantage of global resources and international cooperation through the introduction of technology to bridge the gap and improve competitiveness. But if there is no capability of independent innovation, not know what the introduction of advanced technologies, are not able to absorb the future, can not carry out another record, which is on the one hand; on the other hand, the core technology is the introduction of foreign countries cannot, and must be rely on innovation to master the core technology; Moreover, the domestic policy of independent innovation of technology needs to supporting, guiding, supporting, with the core technology of wind energy products to be increasing support, such a "wall flower wall incense" situation can be change, innovation and power can come from constant innovation.
In short: the wind power industry continuing to creating in a single generation from wind energy technology to power the various areas of need ,its additional products have emerged such as: street, landscape, traffic control, communication, irrigation, planting, breeding, sea water desalination , fire, alarm, islands, mountains and so on. Shows the development of wind energy in this new industry can be brought about
numerous development and transformation of traditional industries, but the application of wind energy technology in various fields has become the industry's benchmark. World revolution will be caused by wind energy technology from the New Energy and Industrial revolution.
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