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1、英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練 書(shū)面表達(dá):中考英語(yǔ)中的必考題，占卷面總分的10%，分值為15 分 。 中考英語(yǔ)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一檔13-15分 包含所有要點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用了較豐富的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯， 用詞準(zhǔn)確、語(yǔ)法正確、句子通順、行文連貫、表達(dá)清楚，具有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。 二檔10-12 分 基本包含所有要點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用了較豐富的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，句子較通順，表達(dá)較清楚，但有少量錯(cuò)誤。三檔7-9分 內(nèi)容包含了多數(shù)要點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單，句子不夠通順，有部分語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，基本上不影響總體理解。四檔4-6分 只包含了少數(shù)要點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)言不規(guī)范，句子無(wú)條理，行文不連貫，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤嚴(yán)重，影響理解。五檔1-3分 只寫(xiě)出與要求的內(nèi)容相關(guān)的一些信息詞語(yǔ)

2、，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤多。 六檔0分 空白 大病指：?jiǎn)卧~、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成、語(yǔ)序、語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)等方面；小病指：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、第三人稱單數(shù)、拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫(xiě)方面。 1.句型、結(jié)構(gòu) - 避免出現(xiàn)Chinglish 現(xiàn)象。 We all very like her.We all like her very much.He by bike to school. He goes to school by bike. 避免方法： 多記短語(yǔ)和句型He walks to school. 2 注意語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目人稱一致: Alice is my best friend, he likes sports. 時(shí)態(tài): He has

3、 gone to Guilin yesterday.主謂一致: This pair of shoes are mine. The shoes are new.習(xí)慣用法: He helps me in my English. s去掉iswith 4. 注意語(yǔ)序 (感嘆句，疑問(wèn)句，賓語(yǔ)從句，倒裝句) I dont know if does she like swimming。she likes swimming What a nice student is she!she is!She is a student, so I am.so am I 5、注意：重短輕長(zhǎng), 就易避難。 以寫(xiě)正確、通順為最

4、基本要求。 2. Mr Tang is the teacher that I like best.1.I have a friend is called Li Ming. 去掉 I have a friend，he is called Li Ming.Mr Tang is a teacher, I like him best. Lets practice! 常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤改正：1.We at school from Monday to Friday.We are at school from Monday to Friday.2.There are some grass or flowers bes

5、ide the road.There is some grass and flowers beside the road3.I think go to school by bus is the best way.I think going to school by bus is the best way.4. They dont know how to do They dont know what to do it.They dont know how to do it.They dont know what to do .5.They have become teachers for 30

6、years.They have been teachers for 30 years.6.He teaches our English.He teaches us English. How can we write a good composition?wordsphrasessentencescomposition字 詞 句 篇 英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的字，詞，句，段，篇v字：工整，清楚v詞：不拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，能適當(dāng)掌握高級(jí)詞匯v句：不出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，句子要逐漸使用復(fù)雜的從句句型，為文章添彩v段：段落內(nèi)容有邏輯性 v篇：合理安排文章布局，要有邏輯與聯(lián)系 方法一：用以前所記憶的短語(yǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)造句。他總是鼓勵(lì)我們努力學(xué)習(xí)

7、。她的父母不允許她 晚上一個(gè)人出去。方法二:多記同義句和同義詞。他還沒(méi)到上學(xué)的年齡。He is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.He is too young to go to school.He isnt old enough to go to school.He always encourages us to work hard. encourage sb to do sth sothat-such-that-tooto-enough-to do sth訓(xùn)

8、練句子的方法： Her parents dont allow her to go out by herself at night. allow sb to do sth v例如英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)上有這樣一句話：vIm looking forward to this.(仿寫(xiě)1) 我正期望著收到你的來(lái)信。Im looking forward to hearing from you. (信尾使用）(仿寫(xiě)2)我正期望著你的答復(fù)。Im looking forward to your reply. (仿寫(xiě)3)我期望著暑假的到來(lái)。I look forward to the summer holiday.方法三：仿寫(xiě)

9、 方法四：遇到難以表達(dá)的句子，可另辟蹊徑，化難為易，化繁為簡(jiǎn)。1.我們應(yīng)該守時(shí)2.我們不應(yīng)該闖紅燈(traffic lights)我們應(yīng)該按時(shí)做每件事.當(dāng)交通燈是紅燈時(shí),我們不應(yīng)該過(guò)馬路.We should do everything on timeWe shouldnt go across the road when the traffic lights are red. 。審：認(rèn)真審題，找出文章要表達(dá)的中心及要求。節(jié)約資源,保護(hù)環(huán)境,從我們身邊的小事做起。Li Ming 是一個(gè)注重“低碳”生活的中學(xué)生，假設(shè)你是他, 請(qǐng)以 “My Low-carbon Life”為題，寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右的短文

10、，簡(jiǎn)單描述自己的“低碳生活”。要點(diǎn)：(1)每天步行上學(xué); (2)離開(kāi)教室時(shí)，關(guān)燈、電扇、電視等； （3）不用水時(shí)，記得關(guān)水龍頭，循環(huán)使用水； （4）充分使用紙張（5）不使用塑料袋。參考詞：on foot, turn off, tap(水龍頭), reuse, make full use of, plastic bag 寫(xiě)作要求：（1） 內(nèi)容包括所提供的信息及要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，但不要逐條翻譯；（2） 不得透露考生姓名、學(xué)校等信息。文章中心:我叫李明(全部考生都叫李明)，我的低碳生活要求: 1.80詞左右2.寫(xiě)作要求(1)(2) 列：用簡(jiǎn)單的句子和短語(yǔ)列出文章的要點(diǎn).1.I go to schoo

11、l on foot every day./ I walk to school every day.2. remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans 3. turn off the tap. reuse water. 4. I make full use of paper.5. Dont use plastic bags 1. I go to school on foot every day./ I walk to school every day.2. I always remember to turn off the lights

12、, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom.3. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. 4. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper.5. I

13、use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when I go shopping.為了銜接緊密和避免逐條翻譯的嫌疑，可以在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤教砑邮吕蚓o密相連的話,然后連成句。 加：加首尾，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整?？梢圆捎每偡挚?，分總結(jié)構(gòu)。開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾應(yīng)注意簡(jiǎn)潔，漂亮，最好采用開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山的形式，結(jié)尾應(yīng)注意與題目或開(kāi)頭相呼應(yīng)，并且要扣題有力。 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life.結(jié)尾：Its important for us to protect the

14、environment. Its important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. 開(kāi)頭：（比較） 連：恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用連接詞，使文章層次清晰，各部分銜接自然。1.When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers。

15、2.I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper 恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞 時(shí)間順序 first, second, then, finally/at last, soon, suddenly空間順序here, there, next to, in front of, at the back of對(duì)稱順序on one hand, on the other hand轉(zhuǎn)折順序but, however, though因果順序because, as, thanks to, as a result (of)條件if, unless遞進(jìn)順序

16、whats more, besides,插入語(yǔ)I think, Im afraid, you know, as we all know 美：寫(xiě)好詞句，美化文章。在有把握的情況下展示自己的語(yǔ)言功底。1.I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper. I make full use of paper because I think saving paper is necessary .2.She can swim, so can I. She can swim, I can swim, too3. He helped

17、an old man who was lost yesterday.He helped an old man yesterday, the old man was lost.better better但要注意：一般的同學(xué)一定要以寫(xiě)正確/通順的簡(jiǎn)單句為最基本要求，切勿一味地追求高水平，反而弄巧成拙。特別是第三句，我們班能正確運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句寫(xiě)句子的人不多。 查：檢查1 格式是否正確 2 詞匯 是否用對(duì)3是否符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣表達(dá) 4時(shí)態(tài)是否正確5用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)好還是用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)好6標(biāo)點(diǎn)是否用對(duì) 7人稱是否用對(duì)8主謂是否一致9.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)等 謄：謄寫(xiě)。將檢查后的作文整潔 地抄寫(xiě)在橫線上 注意：橫線就是我們英語(yǔ)作

18、業(yè)本的第三條線（基準(zhǔn)線），小寫(xiě)字母 都要穿過(guò)這條線。 卷面整潔不一定加分， 卷面潦草一定要扣分。f /g /j /p /q /y My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. I go to school on foot every day. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom. When I am not using water, I

19、 always turn off the tap. I often reuse water, for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. I never use plastic bags. I think saving paper is necessary, so I often make full use of paper. Its important for us to live a low-carbon life to prote

20、ct the environment. a nice head(總) a nicebody（分）a nice tail（總） how to write a goodcomposition開(kāi)頭:開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山中間結(jié)尾:與主題相呼應(yīng) 強(qiáng)勁有力抓要點(diǎn)找連接詞造好句連句成段 假設(shè)你們班正在開(kāi)展“爭(zhēng)當(dāng)文明學(xué)生”為主題班會(huì)的活動(dòng)，同學(xué)們?cè)谟懻摃?huì)上都踴躍發(fā)言。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列詞匯，以“To be polite students”為題用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文談?wù)勀愕目捶āＷ謹(jǐn)?shù)80作左右.要點(diǎn)：1.在校對(duì)老師有禮貌； 2.按時(shí)完成作業(yè)，不抄別人的; 3. 積極參加各種課外活動(dòng); 4.在公共場(chǎng)合對(duì)人友好,禮待他人; 5.給老人和帶小

21、孩的人讓座; 6.不亂丟垃圾.提示:at school, polite，copy，after-school activities， in public， friendly， for example， on a bus,litter sth about，protect the environment用書(shū)面表達(dá)七步法寫(xiě)這篇短文。 一 、認(rèn)真審題，確定時(shí)態(tài)，人稱，題材格式時(shí)態(tài)：故事性文章一般用過(guò)去時(shí)，其中表達(dá)感受時(shí)可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。說(shuō)明性或議論性文章一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，舉例時(shí)可用過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)題目要求也會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的交錯(cuò)使用，如過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的對(duì)比等。如果句中出現(xiàn)了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)則要遵循時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如ago，last過(guò)去

22、時(shí) next，in將來(lái)時(shí)等人稱：注意在句子中人稱的統(tǒng)一。例如：Thanks to the teachers， we have improved our English。其中we和our就是人稱的統(tǒng)一。格式：注意書(shū)信格式的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾。 二、 找全信息點(diǎn)，緊扣主題，突出重點(diǎn) 切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息點(diǎn)。一定把題讀全，找齊信息點(diǎn)，建議用鉛筆標(biāo)出，寫(xiě)完后再涂掉。根據(jù)題目，可適當(dāng)增加合理內(nèi)容。特別注意文章要有開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾。 三 、成文時(shí)，表述正確，文字流暢切忌與漢語(yǔ)提示的一一對(duì)應(yīng)，使用所學(xué)表達(dá)方法將語(yǔ)義表達(dá)出來(lái)即可。首先考慮句子結(jié)構(gòu)(如主謂賓，主系表等)。同時(shí)注意短語(yǔ)的正確使用和單詞的拼寫(xiě)，

23、最好使用課本上學(xué)過(guò)的短語(yǔ)和句式。 四、文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，重點(diǎn)句型出彩文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，重點(diǎn)句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一個(gè)檔次考慮文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接短語(yǔ)，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 常用連接詞： 1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：First of all，F(xiàn)irstly/First，Secondly/Second And then，F(xiàn)inally，In the end 2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系的：What ismore，Besides，Moreover，F(xiàn)urthermore，In addition 3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系的：However，but Although+clause( 從句)，In spite of+n/d

24、oing，On the one hand，On the other hand Some，while others 4.表因果關(guān)系的：Because，As，So，Thus，Therefore，As a result 5.表?yè)Q一種方式表達(dá)：In other words 6.表進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明：For example，句子；For instance，句子；such as+n/doing 7.表陳述事實(shí)：In fact 8.表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)：As far as I know，In my opinion 9.表總結(jié)：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary 文中正確

25、使用兩三個(gè)好的句型，如：賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)等。賓語(yǔ)從句舉例：I believe Tianjin will be more beautifu land prosperous。狀語(yǔ)從句舉例：If everyone does something for the environment， our hometown will become clean and beautiful。動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)舉例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes。 Its bad for our eyes to read books in the sun。常用狀語(yǔ)從句

26、句型： 1)時(shí)間when，notuntil，as soon as 2)目的so that+clause；to do( 為了) 3)結(jié)果sothat+clause，tooto do(太以至于) 4)條件if，unless(除非)，as long as(只要) 5)讓步though，although，even though，even if no matter what/when/where/who/which/how 6)比較asas，not soas，than 五、認(rèn)真檢查檢查信息點(diǎn)是否全面，時(shí)態(tài)、人稱是否一致，句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否清晰，短語(yǔ)使用、單詞拼寫(xiě)是否準(zhǔn)確等。檢查后，將草稿謄寫(xiě)在紙上，請(qǐng)注意按結(jié)

27、構(gòu)分段，書(shū)寫(xiě)清晰。下面列舉一些在檢查中可發(fā)現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤： 1.We live more and more comfortable。改正：comfortably(副詞修飾動(dòng)詞) 2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers。改正：much information (不可數(shù)名詞由much修飾) 3.There has many programs in TV。改正：There are many programs on TV。 (There be句型和介詞短語(yǔ)) 4.I think ride a bike can keep our health。

28、 改正：I think riding a bike can keep us healthy。(動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)) 檢查錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)從以下幾個(gè)方面入手：(1) 格式是否有錯(cuò)。(2) 拼寫(xiě)有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤。(3) 語(yǔ)言是否用錯(cuò)。(4) 時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。(5) 標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤。(6) 人稱是否用錯(cuò)。 六、 書(shū)寫(xiě)工整，卷面整潔字跡要清晰，讓閱卷人看得清楚，不可字跡潦草，難以辨認(rèn)，要保持卷面的整潔。注意拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和大小寫(xiě)，例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)特別注意漢英的不同。 建議建議要多練習(xí)或模仿不同題材的文章。多積累和背誦。特別注意

29、改錯(cuò)總結(jié)和吸取范文中好的結(jié)構(gòu)與表達(dá)方法，適當(dāng)運(yùn)用于自己的文章中。造句越簡(jiǎn)單準(zhǔn)確越好，造復(fù)合句容易出錯(cuò)，容易被扣分，所以不會(huì)單詞句型盡量避免。 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題：1. Joy found there was much fish in the lake.2.The water was so clear that they could see all kinds of fish.3.Many place are very dry.Joy found there were many fish in the lake.The water was so clear that they could see

30、all kinds of fishes.Many places are very dry.many 用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞,much 用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)的名稱many fish是“很多魚(yú)”的意思；much fish則是“很多魚(yú)肉” 1.fish用作可數(shù)名詞指：“魚(yú)的條數(shù)”，單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式相同（two fish兩條魚(yú)）2.指“魚(yú)的種類”時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)形式才為fishes（two fishes兩種魚(yú)）；3.fish用作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式,指“魚(yú)肉”： 主謂一致問(wèn)題1. And now many rivers becomes very dirty.2. Everything are going very well

31、.3. David with his little brother go to the park every Sunday.4. There are a man teacher and two women teachers in the office. And now many rivers become very dirty. Everything is going very well.David with his little brother goes to the park every Sunday There is a man teacher and two women teacher

32、s in the office. 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)問(wèn)題1. Her mother jumped into the lake and swimed to JoyAt last her mother saved Joy. They were all got wet.2. Toms mother jumped into the water. She saves her daughter at last.3. On Tree Planting Day,many trees planted in Yongan Park. Her mother jumped into the lake and swam to

33、Joy.At last her mother saved Joy. They all got wet.On Tree Planting Day,many trees were planted in Yongan Park. Toms mother jumped into the water. She saved her daughter at last.4.The 29 th Olympic Games will hold in China.The 29th Olympic Games will be held in China. Chinglish 現(xiàn)象1. Last Sunday,Ann

34、with her mother and brother went to a park. The park with a lake.2. I and my classmates by bus to Dayang Foreign Language School.Last Sunday,Ann went to a park with her mother and brother. There was a lake in the park.My classmates and I took a bus to Dayang Foreign Language School. 行文的邏輯性問(wèn)題1. At on

35、ce, she jumped into the water to save her daughter with her mothers help.2. But she wasnt careful, so that she fell into the river. At once, she jumped into the water to save her daughter.She wasnt careful, and she fell into the river. 詞類錯(cuò)用1.When I was sadly, I played with it. When I was happily, I

36、played with it.2. All of us are excited in it. Because it can make we happy and healthy. When I was sad, I played with it. When I was happy, I played with it. All of us are excited about it. Because it can make ushappy and healthy. 典型病例名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題主謂一致問(wèn)題時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)問(wèn)題 Chinglish 現(xiàn)象行文的邏輯性問(wèn)題詞類錯(cuò)用 請(qǐng) 你 當(dāng) 老 師書(shū)面表達(dá) 自行車

37、在北京仍然受歡迎，騎車上學(xué)或上班都很方便。如今越來(lái)越多的人這使得。騎車既可以，又可以。那么你更喜歡哪種交通工具呢？為什么？ 請(qǐng) 你 當(dāng) 老 師 Bicycle are still popular on the streets in Beijing. Its easy to by bike go to school or go to work. Now more and more people plan to buy cars instead of bike. But I think that running cars make air dirty. It was harmful to our

38、health. Riding bicycles can help people keep healthy, and energy can be save. Because riding bikes will always make me happy, so I prefer to go to school by bike.Please read it carefully, then find the mistakes and correct them. Bicycles are still popular on the streets in Beijing. Its easy to go to

39、 school or go to work by bike. Now more and more people plan to buy cars instead of bikes. But I think that running cars makes air dirty. It is harmful to our health. Riding bicycles can help people keep healthy, and energy can be saved. Because riding bikes will always make me happy, I prefer to go to school by bike. 句子開(kāi)頭要大寫(xiě)，每句之后有標(biāo)點(diǎn)；前句句末用逗號(hào)，后句開(kāi)頭用小寫(xiě)；前句句末用句號(hào)，后句開(kāi)頭要大寫(xiě)；記住書(shū)寫(xiě)須清楚，因?yàn)槔锩嬗蟹謹(jǐn)?shù)；先草稿，后定稿，書(shū)寫(xiě)歌謠記牢靠。