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,必修5 Unit 1—Unit 5,Unit 3 Life in the future,,1．__________(adj.) 在前的；早先的 2．___________(n.) 指導；向導；導游 (vt.) 指引；指導 3．___________(vt.) 容忍；忍受 4．___________(vi.&vt.) 缺乏；沒有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的東西 5．____________(n.) 開關；轉換 (vt.) 轉換 6．____________(adj.) 貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的,重點單詞,previous,guide,tolerate,lack,switch,greedy,7．____________(n.)印象；感想；印記→____________(v.)使留下深刻印象→_____________(adj.)給人深刻印象的 8．____________(adj.)時常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的→____________(adv.)不斷地 9．_____________(n.)周圍的事物；環(huán)境→_____________(adj.)周圍的→______________(vt.)圍繞 10．_____________(n.)調整；調節(jié)→_____________(vt.)調整；使適應 11．________________(vi.&vt.)按；壓；逼迫(n.)按；壓；印刷；新聞→________________(n.)壓力,impression,impress,impressive,constant,constantly,surroundings,surrounding,surround,adjustment,adjust,press,pressure,12．__________(adj.)樂觀(主義)的→___________(反義詞，adj.)悲觀(主義)的 13．___________(n.)瞬間；片刻(adj.)立即的；立刻的→___________(adv.)馬上 14．_______________(n.)代表；典型人物(adj.)典型的；有代表性的→____________(v.)代表 15．____________(n.)定居；解決→___________(v.)定居；解決,optimistic,pessimistic,instant,instantly,representative,represent,settlement,settl,1．________________ 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù) 2．____________________ (困境后)恢復；完全復原 3．________________ 看不見…… 4．________________ 打掃；橫掃 5．________________ (快捷而悄聲地)移動；溜進…… 6．________________ 加速 7．________________ 使某人想起 8．________________ 與……相似 9．________________ 向四面八方 10．________________ 帶領某人參觀……,重點短語,take up be back on one's feet lose sight of. sweep up slide into speed up remind sb.of be similar to. in all directions show sb.around.,1．Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮的空氣，我頭痛。 [解讀] hit by a lack of fresh air 為過去分詞短語作原因狀語。 [仿寫] 受到老師責備，女孩開始哭起來。 ________________，the girl began to cry.,經(jīng)典句型,答案：Scolded by the teacher,2．Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 現(xiàn)在，這里有一種裝置，能利用生態(tài)學原理來處理掉廢棄物。 [解讀] where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞a system。 [仿寫] 她處于無望的處境中，在這種情況下我們將密切關注她。 She's in a hopeless situation，________ we will keep a very close eye on her.,答案：where,3．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累極了，悄悄爬上床很快就睡著了。 [解讀] exhausted為形容詞化的分詞在句中作原因狀語。 [仿寫] 長途旅行后，他們三個回到了家，又餓又累。 After the long journey，the three of them went back home，________________.,答案：hungry and tired,4．However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，當我們到達一個看上去像是大市場的地方時，由于車輛朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。 [解讀] what引導賓語從句。 [仿寫] 前幾天，我父親開車以我認為危險的速度行駛。 The other day，my father drove his car at________I thought________________.,答案：what；was a dangerous speed,1．impression n. 印象；感想；印記 [教材原句] FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象 [見證2014]Sofia looked around at all the faces：she had the impression that she has seen most of the guests before. Sofia 看著所有的面孔，感覺大部分客人她以前見過。 (2014·浙江卷),板塊一：核心單詞,(1)make/leave/have an/the impression on/upon給……留下印象 (2)impress vt.使印象深刻；使銘記；打動 使某人銘記某事物 be impressed by/at/with對……印象深刻 impressive adj.給人印象深刻的；難忘的,①The physical appearance makes a good impression on others while the inner beauty will be remembered forever. 外表的美能給人留下美好的印象；而內在的美會使人銘記不忘。 ②My father always impresses ________ me the importance of hard work. 我父親要我牢記努力工作的重要性。 ③Much ________ by/at/with her diligence，the banker has decided to sponsor till she graduates from college. 那位銀行家深深地被她的勤奮打動，決定資助她直到她大學畢業(yè)。,答案：②on/upon ③impressed,2．surroundings n．環(huán)境；周圍的事物(常用復數(shù)形式) [教材原句] At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一開始新的環(huán)境讓我很難忍受。,①surround.with.用……圍起/包圍…… ②be surrounded by sb./sth.被……圍住；周圍有很多…… ③the surrounding area周圍地區(qū),①I'd like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings. 我想在健康的環(huán)境中養(yǎng)育我的孩子。 ②The lake is surrounded ______________. 湖邊樹木環(huán)繞。 ③The teacher sat on the grass，____________his students. 那位老師坐在草地上，四周圍著他的學生。 ④They came from the______________. 他們來自周圍的村莊。,答案：②by/with trees ③surrounded by ④surrounding villages,3．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 [教材原句] At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一開始新的環(huán)境讓我很難忍受。,(1)tolerate(one's/sb.) doing sth.容忍(某人)做某事 (2)tolerant adj.容忍的；寬容的 be tolerant of容忍…… (3)與tolerate有相同含義的還有： stand(sb.)doing sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事 bear sb.doing/to do sth.忍受/容忍某人做某事 put up with忍受；容忍,[見證2014]Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 并沒有責怪那個打碎花瓶的男孩，她給了他一個寬容的微笑讓他走了。 (2014·湖北卷),①Those who know to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life. 那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。 ②I can't tolerate________(speak)to your mother in such a rude manner. 我不容許你用這種無禮的方式跟你母親說話。 ③I can't stand people____________(interrupt)me all the time. 我不能容忍老有人打岔。,答案：②speaking ③interrupting,4．lack v．&n.缺乏；缺少的東西 [教材原句] Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮的空氣，我感到頭痛。,(1)lack＋n.缺乏…… lack for＋n. 多用于否定句中 (2)for lack of＋n.因缺乏…… a lack of＋n.缺乏…… no lack of不缺乏 (3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in缺少,[見證2014]Strange as it may seem，if you're unsatisfied，the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires—not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes. 很奇怪，如果你不同意，問題不是你缺乏實現(xiàn)愿望的方法，而是缺乏愿望——不是你不能滿足你的品位，而是你沒有足夠的品位。 (2014·福建卷閱讀理解D),①They are so rich that they lack(for) nothing. 他們很富有，不缺任何東西。 ②The plants died____________water. 這些植物因缺水而枯死。 ③He is____________responsibility. 他缺乏責任心。 ④It's more that ________________exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease. 正是缺乏運動使你身體虛弱，容易感染疾病。,答案：②for lack of ③lacking in ④a lack of,5．a(chǎn)djustment n．調整，調節(jié)；適應 [教材原句] Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation，Wang Ping appeared. 當我正在努力做必要的調整來適應新環(huán)境時，王平出現(xiàn)了。 [見證2014]Obviously，students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule. 很顯然，學生們在調整自己的睡眠周期以適應日常安排方面是很糟糕的。 (2014·四川卷閱讀理解D),make adjustments to調整，調節(jié) adjust vt.調整，調節(jié)；(使)適應 adjust(oneself) to(doing) sth.適應(做)某事,①We've had to make some adjustment to our original plan in order to adjust/adapt ourselves to the new situation. 我們不得不對最初的計劃進行一些調整以適應新的形勢。 ②It took her a while to adjust to__________(live)alone abroad. 過了一段時間她才適應了一個人在國外生活。 ③You can adjust the desk________the height of any child. 這張桌子可以配合小孩的高度任意調整。,答案：②living ③to,6．press vi.&vt.按；壓；催促；n.按，壓(常用單數(shù))；新聞界；報刊(與the連用) [教材原句] These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat，you can move swiftly. 這些汽墊車是在地面上方飄浮著的。只要在座椅上用力打彎或壓下(操縱桿)，你就可以迅速地移動。,[猜一猜] 觀察句子，寫出press的詞性及含義 ①Just watch what will happen when I press the button.________ ②Someone's bag pressed hard against my back in the crowded train.________ ③Every civilized country should ensure the freedom of the press.________ ④It's reported that Mo Yan's new book will come to press next month.________,答案： ①vt.按 ②vi.壓 ③n.新聞 ④n.印刷,[見證2014]In recent years，the commercial pressure from supermarket chains has forced village shops across the country to close. 近年來，來自超市連鎖店的經(jīng)濟壓力已經(jīng)迫使全國的鄉(xiāng)村商店倒閉。 (2014·上海卷),(1)press sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事，勸說某人做某事 press.against把……壓/貼在……上 (2)under pressure在壓力下 put pressure on sb.給某人施加壓力,①If you press this button，the machine will start. 如果你按此電鈕，機器將會運轉。 ②Those little boys pressed their noses________the glass. 那些小男孩把他們的鼻子緊貼在玻璃上。 ③They are pressing us____________(make) a quick decision. 他們正在敦促我們迅速做出決定。,答案：②against ③to make,7．switch n．開關；轉換 vt.轉換 [教材原句] Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen，and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 然后王平使電腦熒屏上的開關閃了一下，于是一個桌子和幾把椅子就像變魔術般地從地板下面升了起來。,①switch on(用開關)開；打開 ②switch to變換到 ③switch off(用開關)關上；關掉 ④switch over完全轉變；轉換(電視頻道) ⑤make the switch(偷偷地)調換；調包；改變,[見證2014]After a week，the two groups switched with participants. 一周后，兩組參與者成員交換。 (2014·四川卷閱讀理解E) ①More shoppers are making the switch to organic food. 更多的人開始改食有機食品。 ②Please________________ as you leave. 你離開的時候請把燈關了。,答案：②switch the lights off,8．instant n. 瞬間；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的 [教材原句] You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant it's sent. 你把這種金屬帶子放在你的頭上，排除雜念，按下發(fā)送鍵，集中精神想著你要傳遞的信息；片刻功夫信息就發(fā)出去了。,(1)the instant一……就…… in an instant立刻 for an instant一會兒 (2)instantly/immediately/directly conj.一……就…… (3)instant food 即食食品 instant coffee 速溶咖啡,①I couldn't answer her question for an instant. 我一時無法回答她的問題。 ②The boss wants the job finished______________. 老板要求立刻完成這項工作。 ③______________Wang Yaping，a female astronaut，turned up at the meeting，the crowd cheered. 王亞平，一位女宇航員，一出現(xiàn)在會場上人群就歡呼起來。,答案：②in an instant ③The instant/Instantly,9．take up 拿起；接受；開始從事；繼續(xù)；占用(時間)；占據(jù)(空間) [教材原句] I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我仍然不能相信我是在接受這個去年獲得的獎勵。 [見證2014]This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs，or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. 這種影響也可以使一個朋友遠離毒品，或者可以幫助一個成年人開始養(yǎng)成一個好習慣或改掉一個壞習慣。 (2014·江蘇卷任務型閱讀),板塊二：短語和句型,[填一填] 觀察句子，寫出句中take up的含義 ①Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？________ ②Important people don't often have much free time as their work takes up all their time.________ ③After he retired from office，Royers took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest.________ ④She took up the story where Tim had left off.________,答案：①接受 ②占用 ③從事 ④繼續(xù),①take away 減去；拿走 ②take back 收回；使記起 ③take in 吸收；接納；欺騙 ④take down 拆除；寫下 ⑤take off 脫下；起飛；匆匆離開；成功 ⑥take on 呈現(xiàn)；開始雇用；承擔；從事 ⑦take over 接收；接管；承襲 ⑧take turns 輪流,①The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught. 學生們發(fā)現(xiàn)老師所教的東西很容易領會。 ②If you do not____________what you said，I shall not speak to you any more. 如果你不收回你說的話，我再也不和你講話了。 ③He is always ready to____________heavy responsibilities. 他一向樂于挑重擔。 ④Briggs will____________as general manager when Mitchell retires. Mitchell退休之后，Briggs將接任總經(jīng)理的職位。,答案：②take back ③take on ④take over,10．lose sight of 看不見；忽略，忘記 [教材原句] However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，當我們到達一個看上去像是大市場的地方時，由于車輛朝四面八方飛奔我看不見王平了。,(1)come into sight 進入視野內；映入眼簾 catch sight of. 望見；看到…… lose one's sight 失明 (2)at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 看到…… out of sight 看不到 in/within sight 在視野內,①The place was so crowded；we soon lost sight of him. 那地方人太多，一會兒我們就看不見他了。 ②He ran fast and was soon________________. 他跑得很快，一會兒就不見了。 ③________________their demands seemed reasonable. 乍看起來，他們的要求似乎是合理的。 ④________________the snake，the girl drew back. 一看到蛇，那女孩就往后退縮。,答案：②out of sight ③At first sight ④At the sight of,11．speed up 加速 [教材原句] When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up，we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go. 當我們想讓氣墊車加速時，我們向下壓踏板使它轉向我們要去的方向。,①at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速 ②at a speed of.以……的速度 ③with all speed 盡快地 ④pick up speed 逐漸加速,①It's dangerous to go round corners at high speed. 高速轉彎很危險。 ②How did the accident come about since he drove________________sixty miles per hour? 既然他以每小時60英里的速度開車，那么事故是怎樣發(fā)生的呢？ ③Once outside the station，the train began to______________. 一出車站，火車就開始加速。,答案：②at a speed of ③pick up speed,[填一填] 根據(jù)提示寫出下面“動詞＋副詞 up”的意義 ①hold up ________________ ②keep up ________________ ③set up ________________ ④bring up ________________ ⑤build up ________________ ⑥turn up ________________ ⑦clear up ________________,答案：①舉起；耽擱；延遲 ②保持；維持 ③建造；創(chuàng)立 ④教育；培養(yǎng) ⑤逐步建立 ⑥出現(xiàn)；露面 ⑦整理；收拾；(天氣)放晴,12．Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺少新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。,過去分詞或過去分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨情況等，表示被動或完成。使用時應注意： (1)過去分詞的邏輯主語一般與句子主語一致(某些獨立主格結構除外)； (2)過去分詞表示的動作與句子的主語之間為被動關系。,①Given another chance，they will do it much better. 如果再給他們一次機會，他們會把它做得更好。 ②________(bite) twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 那個郵遞員被狗咬了兩次后，他拒絕給我們家送信，除非我們把狗拴上。 ③________(fill)with shame，the boy lowered his head，ready for the punishment from his dad. 男孩低著頭，滿是羞愧地等著父親的懲罰。,答案：②Bitten ③Filled,13．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累極了，悄悄爬上床就睡著了。,exhausted adj.“筋疲力盡的，疲憊不堪的”，在此處作狀語，表示原因。 形容詞(短語)和分詞(短語)作狀語的語法功能： ①表示原因，相當于一個原因狀語從句。 ②表示時間，相當于一個時間狀語從句。 ③表示讓步，相當于一個讓步狀語從句。 ④表示方式，相當于一個副詞或介詞短語。 ⑤表示伴隨，相當于一個并列句。,①He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry. 他又冷又餓地在風雪中過了7天。 ②Seriously ________(injure)，some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 因嚴重受傷，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的醫(yī)院。 ③For a moment she just stood there，unable____________(believe)what had just happened. 她在那兒呆呆地站了一會兒，簡直不能相信剛才發(fā)生的事。 ④He lay on the bed，________(wake)． 他躺在床上，醒著。 ⑤The boy lay，________(relax)on the sofa. 小男孩放松地躺在沙發(fā)上。,答案：②injured ③to believe ④awake ⑤relaxed,14．Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 現(xiàn)在，這里有一種裝置，能利用生態(tài)學原理來處理掉廢棄物。,當先行詞為system，case，point，position，situation，scene，condition等詞且關系詞在從句中作狀語時，常用where引導定語從句，有時where可用in which替換。,①The accident has reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in. 事情發(fā)展到如此地步，不得不請雙方家長來一趟了。 ②We had to face the condition________ pressure was very heavy. 我們不得不面對壓力巨大的情況。 ③Today，we'll discuss a number of cases ________beginners of English are likely to meet with. 今天，我們將討論一些英語初學者可能遇到的情況。,答案：答案：②where ③which/that,Ⅰ.用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空 1．________(heat)，water changes into steam. 2．________(unite)，we stand；________(divide)，we fall. 3．He came back，utterly ________(exhaust)． 4．Last Sunday，we went on an ________(organize) trip to the forest. 5．A letter ________(post) today will reach him the day after tomorrow.,單元語法專練：過去分詞作狀語和定語,答案：1.Heated 2.United；divided 3.exhausted 4．organized 5.posted,Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示，用句末括號內的英語單詞完成句子 1．Fairly____________________________，James was struggling to grab the edge of the boat.(terrify) 詹姆斯非常害怕被沖走，他正奮力地抓著船舷。 2．This afternoon，just as I was doing my business，a man____________________steped into my shop and begged me for some money.(dress) 今天下午，正當我在做生意時，一個穿著破爛的人走進了我的商店向我討錢。,答案：1.terrified of being washed away 2．(who was)dressed in rags,3．____________________teenagers' taste，the song is increasingly popular with middle school students.(base) 基于青少年的品味，這首歌在學生中日趨流行。 4．The boy____________________his book was none other than our monitor.(absorb) 埋頭看書的那個男孩不是別人，正是我們的班長。,答案：3．Based on 4．(who/that was)absorbed in,