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,必修1 Unit 1—Unit 5,Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero,,1．________(n.) 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì) 2．________(adj.) 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的 3．________(adj.) 慷慨的；大方的 4．________(vt.) 建立；建設(shè) 5．________(vi.) 逃脫；逃走；泄露 6．________(n.) 意見；看法；主張 7．________(n.) 法則；原則；原理 8．________(n.) 親屬；親戚 9．________(vt.) 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊,重點(diǎn)單詞,quality mean generous found escape opinion principle relative attack,10．________(adj.)積極的；活躍的→________(adv.)積極地→________(n.)活動(dòng) 11．________(adj.)自私的→________(adj.)無(wú)私的；忘我的 12．________(vt.)獻(xiàn)身；專心于→________(adj.)忠實(shí)的；深愛的 13．________(adj.)懷有希望的；有希望的→________(n.)希望；愿望 14．________(adj.)樂(lè)意的；自愿的→__________(adj.)不自愿的；不樂(lè)意的 15．________(vt.)教育；訓(xùn)練→________(adj.)受過(guò)教育的,active,actively,activity,selfish,selfless,devote,devoted,hopeful,hope,willing,unwilling,educate,educated,16．________(adj.)和平的；平靜的；安寧的→__________(adv.)和平地→________(n.)和平；平靜；和睦 17．________(adj.)法律的；依照法律的→________(adj.)非法的，違法的 18．________(n.)暴力；暴行→________(adj.)暴力的，猛烈的 19．________(adj.)相等的；平等的→________(n.)平等；相等→________(adv.)同樣地；相等地；公平地 20．________(n.)報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金(vt.)酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞→__________(adj.)值得的；有益的；有回報(bào)的,peaceful,peacefully,peace,legal,illegal,violence,violent,equal,equality,equally,reward,rewarding,1．________________ 失業(yè) 2．________________ 事實(shí)上 3．________________ 使充氣；爆炸 4．______________ 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中 5．________________ 求助于；致力于 6．________________ 喪失勇氣或信心 7．________________ 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái) 8．________________ 設(shè)立；建立 9．________________ 被判處……(徒刑) 10．________________ 愿意干某事,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),out of work as a matter of fact blow up in trouble turn to lose heart come to power set up be sentenced to be willing to do,1．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。 [解讀] where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾stage。 [仿寫] 媒體常常有助于解決問(wèn)題，吸引注意于需要幫助的境況。 The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations____________________________.,經(jīng)典句型,答案：where help is needed,2．.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。 [解讀] only修飾狀語(yǔ)放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。 [仿寫] 只有在他們討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題好幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后他們才作出決定。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours______________________.,答案：did they reach a decision,3．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。 [解讀] the first time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 [仿寫] 我第一次見到她時(shí)認(rèn)為她善良誠(chéng)實(shí)。 I thought her kind and honest______________________.,答案：the first time I met her,1．quality n. 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì) [教材原句] And what qualities does a great person have? 那么偉人有哪些品質(zhì)呢？,板塊一：核心單詞,(1)of good/high quality 質(zhì)量好 of poor quality 質(zhì)量差 in quality 在質(zhì)量上 (2)quantity n．?dāng)?shù)量,[見證2014]It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該通過(guò)綜合素質(zhì)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生。 (2014·福建卷) ①M(fèi)odesty is one of his good qualities. 謙虛是他的美德之一。 ②We provide goods and services______________. 我們提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。 ③We are in need of milk______________. 我們需要高品質(zhì)的牛奶。,④He has______________of a successful businessman. 他具備了一個(gè)成功商人應(yīng)具有的所有品質(zhì)。 ⑤________often matters more than ________. 質(zhì)量往往比數(shù)量更重要。,答案：②of high quality ③of high quality ④all the qualities ⑤Quality；quantity,2．mean adj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的 [教材原句] mean自私的,(1)be mean with 在某方面吝嗇 be mean to sb. 對(duì)某人刻薄 (2)mean v. 意味著；打算 mean to do 打算做……；有意做…… mean doing 意味著做…… be meant for sb. 打算給某人的，為某人而做的 (3)means n．方法；途徑,①Don't be so mean to your little brother! 別對(duì)你弟弟那么刻?。?②He is very mean________his money. 他在金錢方面很吝嗇。 ③I am terribly sorry.I didn't mean________(hurt) you. 真對(duì)不起，我并非有意傷害你。 ④Missing the train means________(wait) for another hour. 趕不上這列火車意味著要再等一小時(shí)。 ⑤____________________saying that? 你那么說(shuō)什么意思？,答案： ②with ③to hurt ④waiting ⑤What do you mean by,3．devote vt. 獻(xiàn)身；專心于 [教材原句] A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. 一個(gè)偉人是一個(gè)致力于幫助別人的人。,①devote oneself to (doing) sth.獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于…… ②devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth. 把某人的一生/時(shí)間/金錢/精力奉獻(xiàn)于…… ③devoted adj. 忠實(shí)的；深愛的 ④be devoted to (doing) sth.專心于；奉獻(xiàn)于…… ⑤devotion n．關(guān)愛；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng),[見證2014]You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work. 除非你完全致力于你的工作，否則你將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成功。(2014·湖南卷) ①She devotes all her spare time to doing what she really enjoys. 她將所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間都用在做她真正喜歡的事情上。 ②The ecologist______________to his research work. 這位生態(tài)學(xué)家全心傾注于他的研究工作。,③________ to the study of science，she had little time to take care of her children. 她獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)研究，幾乎沒有時(shí)間照看自己的孩子。 ④Her ________ to her career left her with little time to take care of her family. 她全身心投入工作，幾乎沒有時(shí)間來(lái)照顧家人。,答案：②devoted himself ③Devoted ④devotion,[填一填] 根據(jù)提示寫出下面帶介詞to的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) ①________________注意 ②________________習(xí)慣于 ③________________堅(jiān)持 ④________________開始著手(做某事) ⑤________________反對(duì) ⑥________________適應(yīng),答案： ①pay attention to ②get used/accustomed to ③stick to ④get down to ⑤object to ⑥adapt (oneself) to,4．vote vt.&vi. 投票；選舉 n. 投票；選票 [教材原句] Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 當(dāng)時(shí)黑人沒有選舉權(quán)，他們無(wú)權(quán)選擇他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。,①vote for/against 投票贊成/反對(duì) ②vote on 投票表決 ③vote to do sth. 表決做某事,①I may vote for her at the next election. 下屆選舉我可能選她。 ②I appeal to you to vote________him. 我想請(qǐng)你投他的反對(duì)票。 ③We are going to vote________the plan. 我們打算就這一提案進(jìn)行表決。,答案：②against/for ③on,5．equal adj. 相等的；平等的 vt. 與……相等或相同；比得上 [教材原句] But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 但是我樂(lè)于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑?，這能幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的黑人與白人平等的夢(mèng)想。,(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/勝任做某事 of equal importance 同等重要的 (2)A equals B in. A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵 (3)without equal 無(wú)與倫比 (4)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地,[見證2014]If the constitution said that all people were free and equal，then she thought it should apply to her. 如果憲法說(shuō)所有的人都是自由平等的，那么她認(rèn)為這也應(yīng)該適用于她。(2014·山東卷閱讀理解C) ①No one equals him in strength. 論力氣，無(wú)人能和他相比。 ②China calls for promoting ________，mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation in international relations. 中國(guó)主張?jiān)趪?guó)際關(guān)系中弘揚(yáng)平等互信，合作共贏的精神。,③He is a man who lacks experience and determination，and I think he is not________ the job. 他是一個(gè)缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)和意志薄弱的人，所以我認(rèn)為他不能勝任這份工作。 ④Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be________respected. 任何人，不管是官員還是公交車司機(jī)，都應(yīng)該平等地受到尊敬。,答案： ②equality ③equal to ④equally,6．escape v．&n. 逃脫；逃生；泄露 [教材原句] It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是個(gè)無(wú)人逃跑過(guò)的監(jiān)獄。,(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事 escape from 從……逃脫；逃避 escape one's attention/notice 逃過(guò)某人的注意 sth. escapes sb.被忘記，記不起 (2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生,[見證2014]We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. 我們跑著躲避，不過(guò)幸好沒有人受傷。(2014·陜西卷短文改錯(cuò)) ①There is no way to escape doing the work. 沒辦法不干這份工作。 ②Two prisoners have escaped________the prison. 兩名犯人從監(jiān)獄逃走了。 ③He narrowly escaped________________(kill)． 他險(xiǎn)些喪命。,④Believe it or not，I had a______________. 信不信由你，我死里逃生。 ⑤His name______________. 我記不起他的名字了。,答案： ②from ③being killed ④narrow escape ⑤escapes me,7．beg vi.請(qǐng)求；乞求 [教材原句] All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends. 在此期間，我的妻兒只得從親戚朋友處討飯吃，并乞求幫助。,(1)beg for乞求得到；請(qǐng)求得到 beg (sb.) to do sth.乞求(某人)做某事 beg sth.of/from sb.＝beg sb.for sth.向某人要(求)某物 beg one's pardon沒有聽清，請(qǐng)求別人再重復(fù)一次的意思，此時(shí)多用升調(diào) (2)beggar n. 乞丐,①They stand by the road begging for money. 他們站在路邊討錢。 ②They begged him________help. 他們向他求援。 ③The child begged________(go)with his mother. 那孩子懇求和他媽媽一起去。,答案： ②for ③to go,8．reward n. 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金 vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞 [教材原句] They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他們說(shuō)來(lái)自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是對(duì)我一生為黑人的平等權(quán)利而奮斗的回報(bào)。,(1)as a reward for作為(對(duì)某事的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞 in reward(for.)作為(……的)報(bào)答；作為(……的)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) offer sb.a reward for sth.為某事而給某人報(bào)酬 (2)reward sb.for.為……酬謝某人 reward sb.with sth.用……酬謝某人,[見證2014]The police will reward whoever provides useful information to catch the robber. 任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將予以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。(2014·湖北卷) ①He was given a medal________a reward for his bravery. 他因表現(xiàn)勇敢而被授予了一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?②They ________ the boy ________ ￡5 ________ bringing back the lost dog. 他們給了那個(gè)男孩五英鎊，酬謝他把走失的狗送回來(lái)。,答案： ①as ②rewarded；with；for,[比較辨析],[填一填] Mo Yan was ________ the Nobel Prize for Literature.In his spare time，he has always been ready to help young writers.How can we ________ his kindness?,答案：awarded；reward,9．out of work失業(yè)(＝out of a job) [教材原句] .and I worried about whether I would become out of work. ……而且我擔(dān)心是否我會(huì)失業(yè)。,板塊二：短語(yǔ)和句型,①out of control失控 ②out of repair失修 ③out of order有毛病，出故障 ④out of date過(guò)時(shí) ⑤out of danger脫險(xiǎn) ⑥out of place不適當(dāng) ⑦out of mind心不在焉,①He must face the reality of being out of work. 他必須正視失業(yè)這一現(xiàn)實(shí)。 ②The phone at the street corner is out of________again. 街角的電話又壞了。 ③He affected fashions slightly out of________. 他愛穿稍有些過(guò)時(shí)的衣服。,答案：②order ③date,10．in trouble有麻煩；處于困難中 [教材原句] Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 伊萊亞斯在有麻煩時(shí)去見納爾遜·曼德拉。,,①Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble. 當(dāng)你遇到困難時(shí)請(qǐng)向警察求助。 ②If you play with dangerous chemicals like that you're just ______________. 如果你這樣擺弄危險(xiǎn)的化學(xué)品，你簡(jiǎn)直是在自討苦吃。 ③They took great trouble ________________(persuade) their father to live with them. 他們費(fèi)了很大的勁才說(shuō)服父親和他們住在一起。,答案：②asking for trouble ③to persuade,11．turn to 求助于；翻到(書的某頁(yè))；查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向 [教材原句] Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 為什么納爾遜·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？,①turn in 上交 ②turn around/round 轉(zhuǎn)身 ③turn away 拒絕；不準(zhǔn)……入內(nèi) ④turn down 關(guān)??；拒絕 ⑤turn off/on 關(guān)掉/打開 ⑥turn over 翻身；翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交 ⑦turn up 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大 ⑧turn out 證明是；結(jié)果是,①You can turn to your teacher for help if you are in trouble. 如果你有麻煩，你可以向你的老師求助。 ②Those who want to go are to______________their applications before Friday. 想去那的人們星期五之前上交他們的申請(qǐng)表。 ③It________he was the General Manager of the company. 結(jié)果他是這家公司的總經(jīng)理。,④The boy wanted to join the army but was____________because he was under age. 那個(gè)男孩想?yún)④姡驗(yàn)槟挲g不夠被拒絕了。 ⑤Twenty people were expected，but only ten________________. 原期望有20人，但只有10人到場(chǎng)。,答案： ②turn in ③turned out ④turned down ⑤turned up,12．lose heart喪失信心,①lose one's heart to sb.愛上某人 ②heart and soul 全心全意 ③put one's heart into 一心撲在……上 ④learn sth.by heart背誦，牢記,①She lost her heart to the handsome guy. 她愛上了這個(gè)英俊的小伙子。 ②He failed many times，but he________. 他失敗了很多次，但是他并沒有失去信心。 ③He is such a person that he likes doing everything that he wants to________(全心全意)． 他是一個(gè)做任何他想做的事都要全心全意的人。 ④The boy learned the poem________. 這個(gè)男孩背下了這首詩(shī)。 ⑤As a matter of fact，nothing is too difficult if you__________it. 事實(shí)上，世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。,答案： ②did not lose heart ③heart and soul ④by heart ⑤put your heart into,13．set up 建立；創(chuàng)立 [教材原句] Set up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg. 成立律師事務(wù)所去幫助約翰內(nèi)斯堡貧窮的黑人……,,①The Voice of China has set up a stage where some people can achieve their dreams. 《中國(guó)好聲音》搭建了一個(gè)舞臺(tái)，在這里一些人可以實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。 ②I should__________what happened regularly day by day. 我應(yīng)按部就班地一天天接著寫下去。 ③He__________helping homeless women and children to places of safety. 他著手幫助把無(wú)家可歸的婦女和兒童送到安全的地區(qū)。,答案： ②set down ③set about,14．Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎沒有任何權(quán)利的階段。,where we have almost no rights at all是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞stage。當(dāng)先行詞為stage，case，situation，position等抽象地點(diǎn)名詞，且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。,①At that time we had reached a stage where we had more black readers than white ones. 那時(shí)候我們已到了黑人讀者比白人讀者還要多的階段。 ②You could get into a situation________you have to decide immediately. 你可能遇上一種情況，使你不得不立刻作出決定。 ③The baby has reached the stage____________he can stand up. 這個(gè)嬰兒到了能站立的階段。 ④We are now in a position____________we can be very successful this year. 現(xiàn)在我們處于一個(gè)較好的境況中，今年可能會(huì)成功。,答案： ②where ③where ④where,15．.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。,only放在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)(通常是副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句等)時(shí)，句子需要用部分倒裝。,①Only then did I realize the importance of health. 到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到健康的重要性。 ②Only in this way________solve the problem. 只有用這種方法你才能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 ③Only when I left my parents for Italy____________how much I loved them. 直到我離開父母去意大利我才意識(shí)到我有多么愛他們。,答案： ②can you ③did I realize,16．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。,,①I recognized her the moment (that)I saw her. 我一眼就認(rèn)出了她。 ②______________ I interviewed him，he looked a bit nervous. 我第一次采訪他時(shí)，他看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)緊張。 ③He paid back the money he owed us______________ he returned home. 他一回家就把欠我們的錢還上了。 ④____________ I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專注地讀報(bào)。,答案：②The first time ③directly/instantly/immediately ④Each time,[比較辨析],[填一填] He became interested in the young teacher's lesson________________he attended his class.He was so excited in class__________________.,答案： the first time；for the first time,Ⅰ.填入合適的關(guān)系副詞 1．What is the name of the town________we stayed last night? 2．Please leave the book________it was. 3．This is the reason________he cried. 4．July，________we can go home for a rest, is coming soon. 5．I shall never forget the days________I lived in the country with my parents.,單元語(yǔ)法專練：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,答案： 1.where 2.where 3.why/for which 4.when/in which 5.when,Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子 1．I have reached a stage in my life____________________make decisions on my own.(suppose) 我已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該自己做出決定的人生階段。 2．Only when all of us help the people in the earthquake-hit area________________________.(return) 只有當(dāng)我們所有人都幫助地震災(zāi)區(qū)的人們時(shí)，他們才能很快地恢復(fù)正常的生活。,答案：1.where I am supposed to 2．will they return to their normal life quickly,3．Her son，________________________，went abroad last year，leaving her alone in the small village.(devoted) 她非常疼愛的兒子去年去了國(guó)外，留下她一個(gè)人在小村子里。 4．Mr White________________________for an examination yesterday but he was too busy to come.(come) 懷特先生昨天應(yīng)該來(lái)醫(yī)院檢查，但是他太忙了沒有來(lái)。 5．He gave the children some chocolate______________.(reward) 他給孩子們一些巧克力來(lái)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他們的良好表現(xiàn)。,答案： 3．to whom she is so devoted 4．should have come to the hospital 5．to reward them for behaving well/good behaviour,