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,選修6 Unit 1—Unit 5,Unit 5 The power of nature,,1．____________(adj.) 貴重的；珍貴的 2．____________(adv.) 在旁邊；沿著邊 (prep.) 在……旁邊；沿著……的邊 3．____________(n.) 波浪；波濤 (vi.) 波動(dòng)；起伏；揮手 4．____________(n.) 潛在性；可能性；潛能 (adj.) 可能的；潛在的 5．____________(vt.) 射中；射傷 6．____________(adj.) 多種多樣的；不同的 7．____________(vt.) 保證；擔(dān)保 8．____________(adj.) 不舒服的；不舒適的,重點(diǎn)單詞,precious alongside wave potential shoot diverse guarantee uncomfortable,9．____________(vi.)(指火山)爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生 →____________(n.)火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)爆發(fā) 10．__________(vt.)任命；委派 →____________(n.)約定；任命 11．__________(vt.)評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì) →____________(n.)評(píng)估 12．__________(adj.)絕對(duì)的；完全的 →____________(adv.)絕對(duì)地；完全地 13．__________(n.)一套外衣；套裝；(vt.)適合；使適宜 →____________(adj.)合適的,erupt eruption appoint appointment evaluate evaluation absolute absolutely suit suitable,14．__________(adj.)實(shí)在的；實(shí)際的 →____________(adv.)實(shí)際地 15．__________(adj.)憂慮的；不安的 →____________(adv.)不安地 →____________(n.)擔(dān)心；焦慮；渴望 16．__________(vi.&vt.)驚慌；(n.)驚慌；恐慌 →____________(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞) 17．___________(n.)欣賞；感激；感謝 →____________(vt.)欣賞；感激 18．___________(adj.)失去知覺(jué)的，未察覺(jué)的 →____________(adj.)有知覺(jué)的,actual actually anxious anxiously anxiety panic panicked appreciation appreciate unconscious conscious,1．________________ 適合…… 2．________________ 被任命為…… 3．________________ 因……而焦慮 4．________________ 由……到……不等 5．________________ 前往…… 6．________________ 全部焚毀 7．______________________ 被埋在廢墟下 8．________________ 匆匆看一遍 9．________________ 有……天賦 10．________________ 產(chǎn)生；生產(chǎn),重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),be suitable for be appointed as be anxious about vary from.to. make one's way to burn to the ground be buried under the ruins glance through have a gift for give birth to,1．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them. 另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。 [解讀] this being my first experience 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。 [仿寫] 所有的票都賣完了，我們只好等著看下場(chǎng)演出。 All the tickets ____________，we had to wait for the next show.,經(jīng)典句型,答案：sold out,2．It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. 據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)男孩就是滿族人的祖先，具有語(yǔ)言天賦和很強(qiáng)的說(shuō)服力。 [解讀] It is said that.“據(jù)說(shuō)……”，是一個(gè)固定句式。 [仿寫] 據(jù)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)拜訪了這位藝術(shù)家。 ________________ he has visited the artist.,答案：It is said that,3．Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. 收集和評(píng)估這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學(xué)家一起預(yù)測(cè)熔巖接著將往何處流，流速是多少。 [解讀] Having collected.現(xiàn)在分詞完成時(shí)作狀語(yǔ)。 [仿寫] 核實(shí)所有的門都鎖好之后，史密斯先生就去倫敦度假了。 ______________all the doors were locked，Mr.Smith left for London on holiday.,答案：Having checked,1．a(chǎn)ppoint vt. 任命；委派；約定；指定(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等) [教材原句] I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. 二十年前我被任命為火山學(xué)家，為夏威夷火山天文臺(tái)工作。,板塊一：核心單詞,(1)appoint sb.(as/to be)．任命某人為…… appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事 (2)appointment n．約會(huì)，約定；任命 make an appointment with sb.與某人預(yù)約 break one's appointment 違約；失約 (3)appointed adj.指定的；確定的,①The time appointed for the meeting was 10：30 am. 規(guī)定開(kāi)會(huì)的時(shí)間是上午10點(diǎn)30分。 ②They appointed him________captain of the team. 他們?nèi)蚊麨樵撽?duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。 ③She made an________with the doctor. 她和醫(yī)生約定了時(shí)間。,答案：②as ③appointment,2．evaluate vt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì) [教材原句] Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. 收集和評(píng)估了這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學(xué)家一起預(yù)測(cè)下次火山熔巖將往何處流去，流速是多少。,evaluate the effectiveness評(píng)估療效 evaluation n．評(píng)價(jià) 近義詞assess,①You should be able to evaluate your own work. 你應(yīng)該能夠評(píng)估你自己的工作。 ②It's hard to____________as a singer. 要把她當(dāng)歌手來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)很難。,答案：②evaluate her,[比較辨析],[填一填] ①By marks in numbers or letters，the teacher________a student's work. ②She________the house for me at $ 85,000. ③He________that there were more than 2,250,000 spiders in one acre.,答案：①evaluates ②valued ③estimated,3．suit n. 一套外衣；套裝 vt. 適合；使適宜 [教材原句] We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves. 我們都穿著白色的防護(hù)服遮住全身，戴上了頭盔和特別的手套，還穿了一雙大靴子。,suit指合乎需要、口味、條件、地位，以及花色、款式等與某人的皮膚、氣質(zhì)、身材或身份相稱 (1)suit sb.(fine) (很)適合某人 suit sth.to sb./sth. 使某物適合某人/某物 be suited to/for 適合于……；適宜于…… (2)suitable adj.適當(dāng)?shù)模幌嗯涞?be suitable for sb./sth. 適合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 適合做某事,①If you want to go by bus，that suits me fine. 要是你想坐公共汽車去，那對(duì)我很合適。 ②A good teacher suits his lessons ________ the age of his pupils. 一位優(yōu)秀的老師應(yīng)使他講的課適合學(xué)生的年齡。 ③The house is not really________for a large family. 這所房子確實(shí)不適合大家庭居住。,答案：②to ③suitable,[比較辨析],[填一填] The size of the shirt ________ me well and its color ________ my tie，so it ________ me fine.,答案：fits；matches；suits,4．a(chǎn)nxious adj. 憂慮的；不安的 [教材原句] I was so anxious and couldn't move at first. 我非常擔(dān)心，一開(kāi)始嚇得動(dòng)彈不得。,(1)be anxious about sth.為某事憂慮/擔(dān)心 be anxious for sth.渴望某事 be anxious to do渴望做……，急于做…… be anxious that渴望…… (2)with anxiety＝anxiously焦慮地；不安地,[見(jiàn)證2014]There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed. 有許多人在車站等車，其中有一些看起來(lái)非常焦慮和失望。(2014·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷) ①M(fèi)any parents are very anxious about their children's safety when they heard the news of the school bus accident. 聽(tīng)到校車事故的消息，許多父母很擔(dān)心孩子們的安全。 ②She is anxious__________(finish) school and get a job. 她渴望畢業(yè)找份工作。,答案：②to finish,③We are waiting for the news ______________. 我們?cè)诮辜钡氐却ⅰ?④The drought had lasted several months and it made farmers ________the harvest. 干旱已持續(xù)了好幾個(gè)月，這使得農(nóng)民很擔(dān)心農(nóng)作物的收成。,答案：③with anxiety/anxiously ④anxious about,5．panic n. 驚慌，恐慌 vi. (十分)恐慌；驚慌 vt. 使恐慌(panicked；panicked；panicking) [教材原句] I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic. 我非常緊張，不得不強(qiáng)迫自己不要驚慌。,(1)panic sb.into doing sth.使某人因驚慌而做某事 panic over/about/at.對(duì)……感到驚慌 (2)get into a panic驚慌失措(表動(dòng)作) in a state of panic處于驚恐之中(表狀態(tài)) in panic驚慌失措地 cause (a) panic引起恐慌,[見(jiàn)證2014]I'm proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome. 我很驕傲，當(dāng)恐慌可能會(huì)有不同的結(jié)果時(shí)，我的家人能保持沉著冷靜的頭腦。(2014·北京卷閱讀理解B),①The gunfire panicked the horse. 炮火讓馬受驚了。 ②All the people fled________panic as the earth shook. 當(dāng)大地?fù)u晃時(shí)，所有的人都驚慌逃跑。 ③She really got________a panic when she thought she'd lost her necklace. 想到自己把項(xiàng)鏈丟了，她驚慌失措。 ④________，she began to scream. 感到恐慌，她開(kāi)始尖叫。,答案：②in ③into ④Panicking,6．guarantee v. 保證；擔(dān)保 n. 保證；擔(dān)保；保修單 [教材原句] Take this opportunity，and I guarantee you won't regret it. 抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)吧，我保證你不會(huì)后悔的。,(1)guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.向某人保證某事 guarantee to do sth.保證做某事 be guaranteed to do肯定會(huì)做……，必定會(huì)做…… guarantee that.保證…… (2)under guarantee在保修期內(nèi) give sb.a guarantee (that)向某人保證……,①Even if you complete your training I can't guarantee you a job. 即使你完成了培訓(xùn)，我也無(wú)法保證你能有工作。 ②If you yell at him，he's guaranteed________(do)the opposite of what you want. 如果你向他大喊大叫，他肯定會(huì)跟你對(duì)著干。 ③The car is still________ guarantee，so they will repair it. 汽車還在保修期內(nèi)，所以他們會(huì)給修理的。,答案：②to do ③under,④The plan would guarantee health care service________all Americans. 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃將保證所有美國(guó)人都能享受到醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。 ⑤Working hard is not a________of great success，but it is among the essential requirements. 勤奮工作不能保證你一定會(huì)取得巨大的成功，但它是取得成功的必要條件之一。,答案：④to ⑤guarantee,7．burn to the ground全部焚毀 [教材原句] .，and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground. ……，許多房屋被火山巖所覆蓋或被全部焚毀。,板塊二：短語(yǔ)和句型,①burn to death燒死 ②burn up燒得更旺；燒掉；發(fā)燒 ③burn down把……燒毀；(火勢(shì))減弱 ④get burned燒傷；燙傷；曬黑,①The house was burnt to the ground by people. 那所房子被人們徹底燒毀了。 ②The room grew colder as the fire____________. 隨著爐火漸弱，房間越來(lái)越冷。 ③He put more wood on the fire to make it____________. 他把更多的木柴都放進(jìn)火爐來(lái)使它燃燒得更旺一些。,答案：②burnt down ③burn up,8．make one's way 前往 [教材原句] It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre. 穿著這些衣服走起路來(lái)實(shí)在不容易，但我們還是緩緩?fù)鹕娇诘倪吘壸呷ィ⑶蚁蛳驴吹搅思t紅的沸騰的中央。,①find one's way找到出路；設(shè)法到達(dá) ②fight one's way奮力前進(jìn) ③lose one's way迷路 ④feel one's way摸索前進(jìn) ⑤push one's way擠出來(lái) ⑥wind one's way蜿蜒前進(jìn) ⑦make way for sb.給某人讓路,①Look！Many children are making their way to the beach. 看！很多孩子正往海灘走去。 ②Without experience in it，we have to______________. 由于在這方面沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們只能摸索著前進(jìn)。 ③________________ through the forest，he________________ back home，only to find a river________________down the hill. 摸索著穿過(guò)森林，他迷失了回家的路，僅發(fā)現(xiàn)一條小溪沿著山坡蜿蜒流下來(lái)。,答案：②feel our way ③Having felt his way；lost his way；winding its way,9．vary from.to.由……到……不等 [教材原句] The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. 這里地面的高度由海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多種多樣的珍稀動(dòng)植物的生長(zhǎng)地。,(1)vary in sth.(大小、形狀等)不同；有別 vary with隨……變化；改變 vary between.and.從……到……轉(zhuǎn)變 (2)various adj.各種各樣的；多姿多彩的 (3)variety n．種種；多樣化 a variety of種種,①These apples vary in size from small to medium. 這些蘋果由小到中等大小不等。 ②People vary very much ________ their ideas. 人們?cè)谟^念方面大不相同。 ③The color of the leaves varies____________weather. 葉子的顏色隨著天氣而變化。 ④Because of________________________reasons，he didn't attend the meeting. 因種種原因，他沒(méi)參加會(huì)議。,答案：②in ③with ④a variety of/varieties of/various,10．Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. 收集和評(píng)估了這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學(xué)家一起預(yù)測(cè)下次火山熔巖將往何處流去，流速是多少。,having collected and evaluated the information是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表明從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)一樣，其邏輯上的主語(yǔ)就是主句的主語(yǔ)，但所不同的是，過(guò)去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但有時(shí)無(wú)被動(dòng)意義，只是表示一種狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成，而現(xiàn)在分詞與主語(yǔ)之間存在著主動(dòng)關(guān)系。,①Having answered the teacher's questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed. 回答完老師的問(wèn)題后，她坐下來(lái)，感到輕松多了。 ②________________(separate)from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found anywhere else in the world. 由于與其他的大洲分離了幾百萬(wàn)年了，澳大利亞有許多在世界上其他地方都找不到的動(dòng)植物。 ③Tom got to the hospital in time that day，________(catch) the first bus. 湯姆那天趕上了第一班公交車，及時(shí)到了醫(yī)院。,答案：②Having been separated ③having caught,11．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them. 另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。,獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成： n．/pron.＋v.-ing/v.-ed/to do/adj./adv./prep.phrase。 (1)其中名詞或代詞起著邏輯主語(yǔ)的作用；另一部分表示狀態(tài)、狀況或動(dòng)作。 (2)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身不是句子，但在語(yǔ)意上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)句子。在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨等。 (3)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)。,①The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著路，我們毫不費(fèi)勁地走出了森林。 ②He walked into the classroom，his head ________ (lower)． 他低著頭，走進(jìn)了教室。 ③More presents________(give)，she will find it difficult to accept. 再多給她一些禮物，她就會(huì)覺(jué)得很難接受。,答案：②lowered ③to be given,④He left the office，________________. 他眼里含著淚水離開(kāi)了辦公室。 ⑤______________，our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散會(huì)了，校長(zhǎng)很快就離開(kāi)了會(huì)議室。,答案：④tears in eyes ⑤The meeting over,12．It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. 據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)男孩就是滿族人的祖先，具有語(yǔ)言天賦和很強(qiáng)的說(shuō)服力。,It is said that.“據(jù)說(shuō)……”，實(shí)際上it為形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的為主語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于People say that.的意思。該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以改變成sb./sth.is said to do.結(jié)構(gòu)。注意根據(jù)動(dòng)詞不定式和is said動(dòng)作之間的時(shí)間關(guān)系，使用不定式的一般式、進(jìn)行式或完成式。,①It is thought that.大家認(rèn)為…… ②It is believed that.人們相信…… ③It is hoped that.人們希望…… ④It is reported that.據(jù)報(bào)道…… ⑤It is well-known that.眾所周知……,①It is said that a new shopping mall will be built in the city next year. ＝A new shopping mall is said to be built in the city next year. 據(jù)說(shuō)該市明年要建一家新商場(chǎng)。 ②It is said that a new shopping mall is being built in the city at present. ＝A new shopping mall________________in the city at present. 據(jù)說(shuō)該市目前正在建造一家新商場(chǎng)。,答案：②is said to be being built,③It is said that a new shopping mall was built in the city the other day. ＝A new shopping mall________________in the city the other day. 據(jù)說(shuō)幾天前一家新商場(chǎng)在該市落成了。 ④______________more than 180 people had been killed in the fire. 據(jù)報(bào)道，那場(chǎng)大火燒死了180多人。,答案：③is said to have been built ④It was reported that,Ⅰ.用動(dòng)詞-ing形式改寫下列句子 1．As I came out of my house，I saw the volcano erupting. →___________________，I saw the volcano erupting. 2．When she woke up in the middle of the night，she saw her room was as bright as day. →______________，she saw her room was as bright as day.,單元語(yǔ)法專練：動(dòng)詞-ing,答案：1.Coming out of my house 2．Waking up in the middle of the night,3．She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. →She sat at the desk____________________. 4．As I had never seen a volcano erupting before，I was very excited. →________________________________，I was very excited. 5．It rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in the area. →It rained heavily，________________________.,答案：3．reading a newspaper 4．Never having seen a volcano erupting before 5．causing severe flooding in the area,Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子 1．____________________for half an hour，Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(wait) 在隊(duì)列中等待了半個(gè)多小時(shí)，湯姆突然意識(shí)到，他的錢包忘在了家里。 2．_______________，Xiao Hong didn't go to school.(ill) 由于今天上午生病，小紅沒(méi)有上學(xué)。 3．____________________，they have to stay there for another two weeks.(complete) 由于沒(méi)有完成計(jì)劃，他們不得不再在那里待兩周。,答案：1.Having waited in the queue 2．Being ill this morning 3．Not having completed the program,