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1、Unit 2 Cloning Ⅰ.閱讀理解 [2017·河北邯鄲高三一模] Chinese people are almost twice as optimistic about the world as those from other countries，while the British are the fifth most pessimistic(悲觀(guān)的)，according to a recent survey. YouGov surveyed more than 18,000 people in 17 countries，and found that 41 percent

2、of Internet users in China say the world is getting better.The country's sunny attitude is nearly double the next most optimistic country，Indonesia，with 23 percent and four times the global average of 10 percent. While it's said in most places the chances of getting killed by another human，life exp

3、ectancy，poverty，and the rule of law have all improved significantly over the past 200 years,65 percent of adults in Britain disagree.An analysis of more than 10,000 British people last year found that believing the world is getting better depends significantly on being young，educated and middle clas

4、s. When it comes to GDP per capita(人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值)and optimism about the world，research shows there seems to be little relationship.The United States has more than 31 percent more GDP per capita than the United Kingdom.However，the two countries are equally pessimistic，with 65 percent of the surveyed sayi

5、ng the world is getting worse.Meanwhile，Australia，which is the second most pessimistic country only next to France，has almost 20 times more wealth per person than the second most optimistic，Indonesia.Only three percent of the surveyed in Australia believe things are looking up. Research suggests th

6、e huge gap between China and the rest of the world when it comes to the fate of the planet shows something special.The country's pure rate of growth，a prioritization (優(yōu)先)of health and quality of food are all contributing factors to this belief in a bright future. 1．According to the survey，the globa

7、l average of optimistic people is________. A．10 percent　　　　　　　B．23 percent C．41 percent D．65 percent 2．Who tend to hold bright attitudes to the world in Britain? A．The old. B．The poor. C．The rich. D．The educated. 3．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A．Wealth does not necessarily

8、mean optimism. B．Economic growth has nothing to do with optimism. C．Economic decline is a result of pessimistic attitudes. D．People in developed countries are more optimistic. 4．Which might be the reason for Chinese optimism? A．China is a developing country. B．Chinese people are the healthiest

9、. C．Chinese population grows rapidly. D．China puts people's well-being first. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]YouGov的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，在17個(gè)參與調(diào)查的國(guó)家中，中國(guó)人的樂(lè)觀(guān)指數(shù)最高。 1．A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句．..four times the global average of 10 percent.可知，調(diào)查顯示，全球樂(lè)觀(guān)指數(shù)平均值為10%。故選A項(xiàng)。 2．D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句An analysis of more than 10,000 British people l

10、ast year found that believing the world is getting better depends significantly on being young，educated and middle class.可知，英國(guó)的年輕人、受過(guò)教育的人以及中產(chǎn)階級(jí)持有較積極的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。 3．A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句When it comes to GDP per capita and optimism about the world，research shows there seems to be little relationship.可知，人均國(guó)

11、內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值似乎和樂(lè)觀(guān)態(tài)度關(guān)系不大，而人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值代表著財(cái)富，也就是說(shuō)，財(cái)富與樂(lè)觀(guān)態(tài)度沒(méi)有必然聯(lián)系，即財(cái)富并不一定代表態(tài)度樂(lè)觀(guān)。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段最后一句The country's pure rate of growth，a prioritization(優(yōu)先) of health and quality of food are all contributing factors to this belief in a bright future.可知，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)、優(yōu)先考慮健康狀況和食品安全等都是中國(guó)人樂(lè)觀(guān)積極的原因。故選D項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.閱讀填空 [

12、2017·陜西寶雞高三檢測(cè)] When we think of the word “positive”，most of us probably think of “happy”．__1__ There are many ways to be more positive in your life，even when you're experiencing sadness，anger or challenges. __2__ Accept the things about yourself that you can't change.Accept yourself for who you ar

13、e right now，just as you are.You can then feel free to develop that self into the most positive self you can be! Make goals.Goals give us a more positive outlook on life.Research has shown that setting a goal can make you feel immediately more confident and hopeful，even if you don't achieve the goa

14、l right away.__3__ Use your body.Your body and your mind are intimately connected.Smile.Research suggests that when you smile－whether you “feel” happy or not－your brain elevates your mood.What you wear also has an impact on how you think and perform.__4__ Find clothes that make you feel good about

15、 yourself and wear them，no matter what society tries to say about it. Get some exercise.When you exercise，your body releases powerful endorphins，the body's natural “feel-good” chemicals.__5__ Studies have also shown that regular，moderate exercise increases your feelings of calmness and well-being.

16、 A.Happiness is the only true measure of personal success. B．Accept what you are. C．However，happiness isn't the only type of positivity. D．Setting goals that are personally meaningful to you. E．Dress in a way that delights yourself. F．The color you wear could affect how you feel. G．Exercise ca

17、n help fight feelings of anxiety and depression. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]積極樂(lè)觀(guān)并不等同于快樂(lè)，生活中有許多方法可以讓你有積極樂(lè)觀(guān)的心態(tài)，即使你感到悲痛、憤怒或者面臨挑戰(zhàn)，依然可以樂(lè)觀(guān)面對(duì)。 1．C　解析：上文提到，一說(shuō)到積極樂(lè)觀(guān)就會(huì)想起快樂(lè)，而下文則說(shuō)明即使感到悲傷、憤怒或面臨挑戰(zhàn)也可以有積極樂(lè)觀(guān)的心態(tài)，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折。C項(xiàng)(但是，快樂(lè)不是積極樂(lè)觀(guān)的唯一方式。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。 2．B　解析：設(shè)空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)設(shè)空后的Accept the things about yourself... Accept yourself for who

18、 you are right now...可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)“要接受自己”，故選B項(xiàng)。 3．D　解析：本段主題是“設(shè)定目標(biāo)”。設(shè)空前提到設(shè)定目標(biāo)可以給自己一個(gè)更積極的生活態(tài)度、使你更有信心等，因此D項(xiàng)“設(shè)定對(duì)你自己有意義的目標(biāo)。”符合語(yǔ)境。 4．E　解析：本段主題是“利用你的身體”。設(shè)空前提到你的穿著影響你的想法和表現(xiàn)，E項(xiàng)(穿上讓你開(kāi)心的衣服。)與此相符。故選E項(xiàng)。 5．G　解析：本段主題是“參加鍛煉”。設(shè)空后提到，有研究表明有規(guī)律且適度的鍛煉能夠讓人感到平靜和幸福。由此可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是指鍛煉的好處。G項(xiàng)(鍛煉能夠幫助抵抗焦慮感和抑郁感。)符合語(yǔ)境。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 Two years

19、 ago，Boyan Slat，a then 19-year-old university student in Holland，made the claim that he 1.________clean up the oceans' vast accumulation of plastics in about five years. 2．________a scuba diving holiday in Greece，Boyan Salt，aged 16，found there were 3.________(many) plastic bags than fish in the sea

20、.He started seeking for a solution to ocean plastic 4.________(pollute)．In 2012，he decided to make his intentions public.It sounded like a pipe-dream to many when Slat first described his idea，but he felt it was so simple and it just might work. Slat came up with 5.________ he called a floating “Oc

21、ean Cleanup Array.”Instead of going after the plastics，he designed an array(陣列) of long floating barriers to let the ocean currents concentrate the plastic 6.________(it)．The system of floating barriers is over a mile long. The system had its first proof-of-concept test，which 7.________(perform) in

22、 the Azores Island.After proving the feasibility (可行性) of the array in doing what it was supposed to do，the real evaluation of the array will take place in the second quarter of 2016，in a two-year pilot project in real-world conditions off the coast of Tsushima，an island 8.________(lie) between Japa

23、n and South Korea. This pilot project is worth watching to see if it 9.________(work)．And if it does work as 10.________(expect)，we have something even bigger to look forward to. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文介紹了一位大學(xué)生關(guān)心海洋環(huán)境，并決定要清理白色污染的事跡，他想出來(lái)的漂浮的“海洋清理陣列”方法如果奏效，將會(huì)對(duì)海洋保護(hù)起到很大的作用。 1．would/could　解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：兩年前，在荷蘭當(dāng)時(shí)是一位

24、19歲大學(xué)生的博揚(yáng)·斯拉聲稱(chēng)，他將/能在五年中清理掉海洋里大量堆積的塑料袋。本句是說(shuō)博揚(yáng)·斯拉的計(jì)劃，根據(jù)主句中的made可知，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，故填would；同時(shí)根據(jù)句意也可以是他相信自己能夠做到，故也可填could。 2．During　解析：考查介詞。句意：博揚(yáng)·斯拉16歲時(shí)在希臘斯庫(kù)巴潛泳度假期間，發(fā)現(xiàn)海洋里的塑料袋比魚(yú)還要多。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指他在希臘度假期間，故填During，意為“在……期間”。 3．more　解析：考查比較等級(jí)。句意見(jiàn)上一題解析。根據(jù)句意及than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)。故填more。 4．pollution/pollutants　解析：考查詞性

25、轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他開(kāi)始尋找一種解決方法來(lái)處理海洋塑料污染(物)問(wèn)題。設(shè)空前有形容詞plastic修飾，且根據(jù)上文描述可知，此處指“塑料污染”或“塑料污染物”，故用名詞pollution“污染”或pollutants“污染物”。 5．what　解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：斯拉想出一個(gè)他稱(chēng)之為漂浮的“海洋清理陣列”的主意。come up with意為“想出；提出”，后面跟的是賓語(yǔ)從句，且從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知填what。 6．itself　解析：考查代詞。句意：……他設(shè)計(jì)出一種長(zhǎng)漂浮物的陣列，目的是讓洋流自己把塑料集中起來(lái)。此處的代詞應(yīng)該指代前面的the plastic自身，故填反身代詞its

26、elf作同位語(yǔ)。 7．was performed　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。本句描述的是已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；先行詞為前面的test，和動(dòng)詞perform之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was performed。 8．lying　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾island，它和動(dòng)詞lie之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞lying。 9．works　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這次飛行員工程是值得的，看看這個(gè)想法是否奏效。根據(jù)上一段的內(nèi)容可知，這項(xiàng)工程現(xiàn)在正在實(shí)施，所以要看現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填w

27、orks。 10．expected　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果這個(gè)方法能像預(yù)期的那樣奏效，我們會(huì)希望去做更大的事情。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)it和expect之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞expected。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) Last week，there was a program calling “Learning to Respect Our Parents” in our school.That is known to us that respect for one's parents is one of Chinese traditional moral va

28、lue.And most students nowadays are “the only child”．We often think of themselves as the centre of their family. As for the program，eight “dos” have worked out for the students to follow.For an example，we are advised to remember our parents' birthdays.Beside this，it is necessary that we should also tell our parents what we are going to do when we go out.The program has been such successful that it has been high praised by many people.