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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit3 Looking good教案 牛津版必修1 1. work out a. to take exercise 鍛煉身體，做運(yùn)動 v I would work out in the gym after work when I was in Nanjing. b. to calculate the answer to 算出，計(jì)算 v Please work out the answer. c. to solve sth. 解決，處理 v Don’t get down. Things will work out eventually. v Taiwan and mainland China need to work out their differences. d. to cause a good result 計(jì)劃，制定出 v When you began to work，you might work out a practical scheme. [Collocation] work out to/at 總計(jì)達(dá)… v The bill works out to ￡10. work on sth./ doing sth. 從事，致力于… v I worked on (writing) this article all night. work on sb. to do sth. 勸說某人做某事 v My parents spent the whole weekend working on me to go on holiday with them. work up 激發(fā)；使激動 v work up enthusiasm [in‘θju:ziz?m] n. 熱心，熱忱，熱情 / interest/ courage v work up an appetite [pitait] n. 食欲；嗜好/ thirst 2. slim (slimmer; slimmest) (adj.) a. (of a person) thin, slender or lean 苗條的 v A regular diet will make you slimmer. b. very small 渺茫的 v a slim chance/ hope v The hope of success is very slim. (vi.) to try to bee thinner 減輕體重；變細(xì) v She feels like working out to slim (down). (vt.) to make sb. bee thinner 使…體重減輕；使…苗條 v The girl slimmed her figure with a rigid/strict diet. 3. figure (n.) [C] a. number 數(shù)字 v I will check up the figure. 我將核對一下這個數(shù)字。 b. person who is important in some way 名人，人物 v a key/ leading/ prominent figure v Margaret Thatcher was the dominant [d?min?nt] adj. 統(tǒng)治的figure in British politics in the 1980s. c. the shape of someone, for example whether he/she is fat or thin 身材，體態(tài)；人影，外形 v Now in her fifties, she still has a slim figure. v I saw a figure in the darkness. [Phrase] have/ keep a good figure 擁有/保持好身材 d. a drawing or diagram in a book that gives information 圖解，圖表，插圖 v Our textbooks has many figures to help explain the lesson. v Figure 8 illustrates the changing patterns of employment over the years. (vt.) to think or decide that something will happen or is true 認(rèn)為，估計(jì)，料到 v I figured that he was drunk and shouldn’t be allowed to drive. (vi.) to calculate計(jì)算 [Phrases] figure out ① 算出；想出；解決 v It took me hours to figure out those algebra [ld?ibr?] n. 代數(shù)學(xué)problems. v Can you figure out how to deal with it. ② 理解，將… …弄明白 v I can’t figure him out. figure on sth./ doing sth. 料想…，打算干… v I didn’t figure on meeting her there 4. ashamed adj. feeling of shame, guilt or sorrow (because of sth. done) (predicate adj.)慚愧的，羞愧的 (antonym: proud) v He who is afraid of asking is ashamed of learning. [Phrases] be ashamed of sth./sb./doing sth./having done sth. 由于（某人/某事/做了某事）而羞愧 be ashamed to do sth. 恥于做某事，因覺得可恥而不做… be ashamed to have done sth. 由于做了某事而羞愧 be ashamed that …… 羞于某事 v He was ashamed of asking/having asked/to have asked such a simple question. v He was ashamed that he had asked such a simple question. [Derivation] shameful adj. to deserve blame; to cause the feeling of shame 可恥的，丟臉的 v It’s shameful to laugh at the disabled. 5. work (n.) ① [u] activity which uses effort 工作，體力勞動 v All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ② [C] an object produced by writing, painting, etc (usual plural) 作品 v art works v He’s making a study of William Faulkner’s works. (vi.) ① to do sth. that involves physical or mental effort. 工作，勞動，干活 [Phrases] work on/at sth. 致力于…，從事… work for sth./sb. 努力爭取…；受雇于… work as… 從事某工作 v He has been working on a new novel for over a year now. v He works for a big law firm in the city. v It must be hard to work as a nurse in a backward country. ② to operate in a satisfactory way 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) v The machine doesn’t work. v My brain’s not working very well today. ③ to succeed; to have a particular effect or result. 順利進(jìn)行；起作用，奏效 v The pill works. After I took it, I felt better. v If this strategy doesn’t work, we’ll think of something else. 6. recover (vi.) to bee fit and healthy again 復(fù)原，恢復(fù)(健康) [Phrase] recover from… v He is very ill and unlikely to recover. v I haven’t fully recovered from the flu. v He was fired last month and he’s still recovering from the shock. v The housing market appears to be recovering from the recession. (vt.)to get or find sth. again 恢復(fù)；重新獲得 [Phrase] recover consciousness/ health/ oneself v He never recovered the use of his arms after the crash. v The police recovered the stolen jewellry. v It’s hard to recover lost time. (彌補(bǔ)，挽回) v They need to sell a million copies to recover their costs. [Derivation] recovery (n.) [U] 重新獲得，復(fù)得 v recovery of the stolen jewels [U, usual singular] 復(fù)元，痊愈 recovery from her illness v make a recovery from…從…中恢復(fù)過來 v There’re no signs of an economic recovery. 7. failure (n.) ① [U] lack of success in doing sth. 失?。徊患案? v The failure of the talks made the situation worse. v She is upset about her continued failure to find a job. v Their first attempt to climb Mt. Qomolangma ended in failure. ② [U] sth. such as a machine or an organ stops working correctly 故障,失靈；衰竭,衰退 v The crash seemed to have been caused by an engine failure. v engine/ brake/ power failure v heart/ liver/ kidney failure ③ [U] the act of not doing sth. that you are expected to do. 不履行，沒做到 v Failure to obey orders can result in accidents. ④ [C] someone or something that has not achieved success 失敗的人或物 v The party was a total failure 8. contain (vt.) ① to have or hold sth. within itself; to have sth. Inside 包含,容納,裝有 v The pill contains vitamins. v The letter contains important information about his legal affairs. v The vessel contains ten glasses of water. ②to keep under control 控制，抑制（感情） v contain oneself / contain one’s anger/ laughter [Derivation] container (n.) [C] vessel [parison] contain, include v contain: (have or hold sth. within itself) Sea water contains salt. 包含所含之物的全部或部分，前后名詞一般不同類。 v include: (have sth. as part of a whole) My family include my father, my mother and I. 所含之物是主語整體的一部分，前后名詞一般為同類的人或物。 v The parcel contains a dictionary. (字典是全部或部分之物) v The parcel includes a dictionary.（字典是部分之物，還有其他物品） 此外，include還有including和included的用法。 v There are ten hostages in the bus, including two Chinese/ two Chinese included. 9. treatment (n.) ① [U] the process of providing medical care 治療 [Phrases] treatment for/ of v receive/ undergo treatment v She was undergoing treatment for lung cancer. ② [C] a particular method of medical care 療法 [Phrases] treatment for v They developed a new treatment for drugs addiction. ③ [U] way of dealing with sb./sth. 處理；對待，待遇 v the treatment of prisoners v It was discovered that one group got preferential [,pref?ren??l] adj. 優(yōu)先的 treatment. [Derivation] treat （vt.） 治療；對待；看成 treat… as… 10. damage (vt.) ① to harm sth. physically so that it’s broken, spoiled or injured 損壞，傷害 v A heavy rain damaged the crops. v The house had been severely / badly damaged by fire. ② to have a negative effect on sb./sth.損害 v His political reputation has been seriously damaged by the scandal. (n.) ① [U] physical harm caused to sth. so that it is broken or spoiled (有形的)損壞，破壞 v do / cause damage to sth. ② [U] negative effects on someone or something v The damage to the bank’s image is extremely serious. ③ damages [plural] money that is paid to sb. by the person or pany that has caused harm or injury.賠償金 v She was ordered to pay damages of ＄6,000. 11. attractive (adj.) pleasant to look at有吸引力的，有魅力的 v an attractive woman v The pany is attractive to investors. [Antonym] unattractive [Derivation] attract (vt.) v attraction (n.) [U] a feeling of liking sb./ sth.吸引力 v [C] an interesting or enjoyable place to go or thing to do 向往的地方，有吸引力的事 v tourist attractions 12. embarrassed (adj.) shy, awkward or ashamed 尷尬的，難為情的，不好意思的 [Phrases] be embarrassed about/at sth. be embarrassed to do sth. [Derivation] embarrassing (adj.) make sb. feel ashamed v an embarrassing moment embarrass (vt.) to make sb. feel nervous, shamed embarrassment (n.) [U] a feeling of being ashamed / [C] sb./sth. that makes you feel ashamed v He’s such an ~ to his family. 13. pressure (n.) 壓力，壓強(qiáng) v blood pressure v put pressure on sb. (to do sth.) 強(qiáng)迫/促使某人干某事 v under pressure (vt.) 對…施加壓力，迫使 [Phrase] pressure sb. to do sth. = pressure sb. into doing sth. v Don’t be pressured into making any rush decision. 14. diet (n.) ① [C/U] the food that you eat and drink regularly 日常飲食，日常食物 v Try to eat a balanced diet. ② [C] a limited variety or amount of food that sb. eats because they are trying to bee thinner. 節(jié)食，規(guī)律飲食 v Most of these diets just don’t work. v go/ be on diets/a diet 節(jié)食 v diet yoghurt / cola (vi.)節(jié)食 v She is dieting to lose weight. 15. prefer [prif?:] (1) prefer+名詞 　　 v ——Would you like meat or fish? ——Id prefer meat，please. (2) prefer+動名詞 v Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? 自己做飯還是喜歡下館子？ (3) prefer+不定式 v I prefer to spend the weekend at home.我喜歡在家里度周末。 (4) prefer sb. to do sth. v Their father prefers them to be home early.他們的父親寧愿他們早點(diǎn)回家。 (5) prefer A to B 在本句型中，A與B是平行結(jié)構(gòu)，可以是名詞，也可以都是動名詞。例如： v I prefer dogs to cats.在狗與貓之間我更喜歡狗。 v I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination. 我寧愿寫一篇學(xué)期論文也不愿參加考試。 (6) prefer+不定式+rather than+不定式 1) 本句型中，第一個不定式前面要加to，第二個不定式前面以不加to居多。 v He prefer to die rather than bee traitor.他寧死也不做叛徒。 2) rather than也可以置于句首。 v Rather than buy a car of his own, he prefers to rent one. 3) than后也可用動名詞： v I prefer to stay at home rather than go/going to see a film.我覺得與其去看電影倒不如待在家里。 4) prefer…rather than中的rather也可以移到第一個不定式之前(prefer rather…than)，這種用法多見于書面語。 v He preferred rather to take the whole blame himself than to allow it to fall on the innocent. 他寧可自己承擔(dān)全部責(zé)任而不愿讓無辜的人受到連累。 5) prefer doing A to doing B與prefer to do A rather than do B意義相同， v Joe prefers skating to skiing. / Joe prefer to skate rather than ski. 6) prefer+that … (should) + do+…虛擬從句 v Would you prefer that I e on Monday instead of on Tuesday?你寧愿讓我星期一來而不是星期二來嗎？ v I prefer that someone else should do this.我覺得還是讓別人來做這件事比較好。 [Derivation] preference [pref?r?ns] (n.) [U/C] 偏愛，喜愛的人/物 v a preference for small dogs v give/show (a) preference to sb./sth.給…以優(yōu)惠，優(yōu)待 v in preference to sb./sth. 而不是，優(yōu)于 v We give preference to applicants with some experience. v I’d choose the small car in preference to the larger one. 16. suffer (vt.) to experience something unpleasant or painful經(jīng)歷，遭受，蒙受 v Some patients suffered severe side-effects from the treatment v suffer damage/injury/defeat/ humiliation/loss/ consequence/ attack/ decline (vi.) to be badly affected by a disease, pain, sadness, a lack of sth. （因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦，受折磨；患病 [Phrase] suffer from… v My father suffers from high blood pressure. v He suffered from poverty all his life. [Derivation] suffering (n.) [U/C] 痛苦；令人痛苦的事/經(jīng)歷 v The medication should ease the suffering. v She bore her sufferings bravely.