單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,Grammar,Grammar,Revise the,Attributive,Clause,(non-restrictive),Grammar,Revise theGrammar,非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,只是對(duì)先行詞做些附加說(shuō)明,如去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。從句和主句間用逗號(hào)隔開。,導(dǎo),非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,只是對(duì)先行詞做些附加說(shuō)明,如去掉,主句的意,His brother,who is 25 years old,is a doctor.,他的哥哥是個(gè)醫(yī)生，現(xiàn)今,25,歲。,導(dǎo),His brother,who is 25 years o,Yesterday I met Li Lei,who,seemed to be very busy.,昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙,(,去掉從句,意義仍然完整,:,昨天我碰上李雷了,),導(dǎo),Yesterday I met Li Lei,who導(dǎo),1.,指人時(shí)：,2.,指物時(shí)：,3.,指地點(diǎn)時(shí)：,4.,指時(shí)間時(shí)：,5.,指原因時(shí)：,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,思,1.指人時(shí)：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞思,1.,指人時(shí)：,2.,指物時(shí)：,3.,指地點(diǎn)時(shí)：,4.,指時(shí)間時(shí)：,5.,指原因時(shí)：,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,議,1.指人時(shí)：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞議,1.,指人時(shí)：,2.,指物時(shí)：,which,(,指詞,/,整個(gè)主句只能位于主句后,),as,(,正如,，可位于主句前、中、后,),3.,指地點(diǎn)時(shí)：,4.,指時(shí)間時(shí)：,5.,指原因時(shí)：,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,who,whom,whose,which,as,where=prep,+which,when=prep+which,for which,（不可用,why,）,展,1.指人時(shí)：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞who,whom,非限定性定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn),非限定性定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn),Which,指代表示“物”的先行詞,(,不能用,that,且不可省略,),The project,which lasted two,years,cost five million dollars.,評(píng),Which指代表示“物”的先行詞評(píng),2.,指人時(shí)主格用,who,賓格用,whom,His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.,I happened to meet Li Hong,whom I,didnt recognize at once,.,評(píng),2.指人時(shí)主格用who,賓格用whom 評(píng),3.,表示所屬用,whose,（先行詞指人,/,物）,Li Ming,whose mother has been ill for two days,is absent from school today.,The room,whose windows face east,is our dormitory.,評(píng),3.表示所屬用whose（先行詞指人/物）評(píng),4.,關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)非限從,(why,要換成,for which,）,I have told them the reason,for which,I didnt attend the meeting.,Last Sunday he reached Nanjing,where,a conference was to be held.,評(píng),4.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)非限從評(píng),5.,介詞,+,關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)非限從,I finished my work ahead of time,after which,I went home.,He lost his glasses,without which,he cant see anything.,評(píng),5.介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限從評(píng),1,）表示部分的詞：不定代詞,all,both,none,neither,either,some,any,數(shù)詞,(,含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù),),；,the+,最高級(jí),/,比較級(jí)，,2,）表示數(shù)目或數(shù)量：,many,most,few,several,等。,6.,表示數(shù)量的數(shù)詞或代詞,of which/whom,引導(dǎo)非限從,評(píng),1）表示部分的詞：不定代詞6.表示數(shù)量的數(shù)詞或代詞 of,1)He loves his parents deeply,both of,whom,are very kind to him.,2)He has written ten stories,three of which,are about city life.,3)There are two buildings,the larger of which,is a hundred metres high.,4)Many people,some of whom,are not,overweight,are going on diets.,評(píng),1)He loves his parents deeply,7.since when;from where,引導(dǎo)的非限從,since when,=and since then,自那時(shí)起,from where,從某處,1)He stood at the window,from where,we can see the park.,2)The book was written in 1946,since,when,the education system has,witnessed great changes.,評(píng),7.since when;from where引導(dǎo)的非限,8.as,“正如,”,常用結(jié)構(gòu)：,as we all know,正如我們所知道的,as you say,正如,你所說(shuō)的,as I can see,正如我所能看到的,as we had expected,正如我們所料,as you may have heard,正如你可能聽到過(guò)的那樣,as is often the case=as often happens,情況往往如此,/,這是常有的事,評(píng),8.as“正如”常用結(jié)構(gòu)：評(píng),as,“正如,”,也常用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：,as is expected,(,正如所料）,as has been explained (,正如所解釋的,),as is mentioned above,(,正如所提到的,),as is known to all (,眾所周知,),as is announced,/,reported(,據(jù)宣布,/,報(bào)道,),as has been pointed out,（正如所指出的那樣）,評(píng),as“正如”也常用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：評(píng),.,As,we expected,he failed the exam.,正如我所預(yù)料的，他考試失敗了。,He failed the exam,which,we hadnt,expected.,She heard a terrible noise,which,brought her heart into her mouth.,評(píng),.As we expected,he failed t,區(qū)別,評(píng),限制性定從與非限從,區(qū)別評(píng)限制性定從與非限從,Example 1,1.His father,who works in Beijing,came back yesterday.,2.Shanghai,which is in East China,is developing,quickly,.,當(dāng)先行詞是地名、人名、世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物或家庭唯一成員時(shí)，通常只用,_,修飾。,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,評(píng),Example 11.His father,who wo,Example 2,1.I have a sister,who/that works in a hospital.,我有一位在醫(yī)院工作的姐姐。,2.I have a sister,who works in a hospital,.,我有一位姐姐，她在醫(yī)院工作。,不止一位姐姐,只有一位姐姐,評(píng),Example 21.I have a sister wh,1.,限制性定語(yǔ)從句與,_,關(guān)系密切,是先行詞不可缺少的部分,如果去掉它,主句意思往往不明確。,2.,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì),_,的補(bǔ)充或說(shuō)明,去掉它也不會(huì)影響主句的意思。,先行詞,先行詞,評(píng),1.限制性定語(yǔ)從句與_關(guān)系密切,是先行詞不可,Example 3,This is the house,(which/that),we bought last month,.,這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子。,2.The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.,這房子很漂亮,是我們上個(gè)月買的。,評(píng),Example 3This is the house(wh,1.,限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以由,_,、,_,來(lái)引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。,2.,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可修飾,_,又可修飾,_,不可用,that,引導(dǎo)且關(guān)系代詞不可以省略。,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,先行詞,整個(gè)主句,評(píng),1.限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以由_、_,非限定性定語(yǔ)從句注意事項(xiàng),非限定性定語(yǔ)從句注意事項(xiàng),which與as引導(dǎo)非限從的異同,一相同點(diǎn)。,指代主句中的部分或整個(gè)句子，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，位于主句之后有時(shí)可互換。,The meeting was put off,as/which was exactly what we wanted.,He was a doctor,as/which I knew from his manner.,評(píng),which與as引導(dǎo)非限從的異同一相同點(diǎn)。評(píng),二不同點(diǎn),1.as可指其前后主句提到的事實(shí)或情況，位置比較靈活，而which只能位于主句之后。,As is known to all,fish cant live without water.,Air,as we know,is gas.,評(píng),二不同點(diǎn)1.as可指其前后主句提到的事實(shí)或情況，位置比較,2.在非限制性從句中，which后的be動(dòng)詞不可省；而as后的be動(dòng)詞可以省略。,She told me she won the match,which was a lie.,The material is elastic,as(was)shown in the figure.,評(píng),2.在非限制性從句中，which后的be動(dòng)詞不可省；而as后,3.which做主語(yǔ)時(shí)可用各類動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)；,而,as,后的謂語(yǔ)常用系動(dòng)詞，如be,seem,become等，一般不用其他行為動(dòng)詞。,He saw the girl,which,delighted,him.,He didn,t say anything at the meeting,as/which,seemed,very strange.,評(píng),3.which做主語(yǔ)時(shí)可用各類動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)；評(píng),4.如果主句與從句所涉及的意向一致，多用as；,如果不一致，就用which,.,She has married again,as was,expected,.,He broke the rules again,which was,unexpected,.,評(píng),4.如果主句與從句所涉及的意向一致，多用as；評(píng),5.,as,用于表示“如同,.,那樣，按照，正如”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有as we know,;,as often happens,;,as is often the case,;,as we all can see等。這些結(jié)構(gòu)常放句首，偶爾也可放句中或句末,.,As is known to all,China is a developing country.,Kate was late for school,as often happened.,評(píng),5.as 用于表示“如同.那樣，按照，正如”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu),6.關(guān)系代詞指代