,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,四級(jí)考試閱讀技巧,句子與段落匹配題,作文（,30,分鐘）,翻譯（,30,分鐘）,聽(tīng)力（,30,分鐘）,選詞填空（,7,分鐘）,深度閱讀（,20,分鐘）,長(zhǎng)篇閱讀（,13,分鐘）,共,130,分鐘,40,分鐘,作文,(15%),翻譯,15%,聽(tīng)力,(35%),選詞填空,5%,深度閱讀,20%,35%,長(zhǎng)篇閱讀,10%,共,710,分,及格,42,5分,篇章后附有,10,個(gè)句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能對(duì)應(yīng)兩題，有的段落可能不對(duì)應(yīng)任何一題。,三個(gè)及三個(gè)以上的句子對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)段落的情況沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)。,長(zhǎng)篇閱讀的文章基本都是專(zhuān)業(yè)題材的文章，可能會(huì)覺(jué)得很陌生，,不要求完全理解,只要求能夠通過(guò),略讀或查讀,的方式,找到題干的信息并根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容相比做出正確選擇,。,只是有題干和答案簡(jiǎn)單的,同義詞替換,。,選,材來(lái)源,New Scientist,Newsweek,The New York Times,Time,The Washington Post,體裁方面 題材方面,議論文,說(shuō)明文,新聞評(píng)述,記敘文,人文科學(xué),自然科學(xué),題型歸納,細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題,，文字上和原文一樣。（最簡(jiǎn)單）,同義轉(zhuǎn)述題,，即文字上換了同義的表達(dá)。（簡(jiǎn)單）,細(xì)節(jié)推斷題,，即句子是從原文某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)推斷出來(lái)。（較難）,段意歸納題,，即句子是某段文字意思的歸納。（較難）,閱讀步驟,:Step1,（,0.5-1min,）,第一步,：閱讀,文章標(biāo)題,和,文章重要部位,了解,文章內(nèi)容,（,Skimming,）,1,、文章標(biāo)題,2,、首段第一句話,3,、末段第一句話和最后一句話,如果句子是非概括性的句子則不看。,主要目的是了解,topic,和,attitude,Example,簡(jiǎn)單瀏覽文章標(biāo)題和文章重要部位，用時(shí)越短越好。大致了解文章內(nèi)容。（,Skimming,）,Title,：,TV Linked to Lower Marks,First sentences in,First Paragraph,:The effect of television on children has been debated.Now,three new studies,First Sentence in,Last Paragraph,:Lucas puts the responsibility for squarely on parents.,第二步：,分析,題目,+,查讀,（s,canning,）,1,）,分析題目,找出,題目中的,關(guān)鍵詞,和,定位詞。,關(guān)鍵詞,是指題目簡(jiǎn)化后的中心詞，最能表示出句子的含義。,定位詞,是,題目中的專(zhuān)有信息或特殊信息,(,數(shù)字、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、特殊字體和特殊符號(hào)等,），它能幫助定位到具體的段落。,閱讀步驟,:Step,2,（,12,min,）,1.,人名定位,2.,地點(diǎn)定位,3.,數(shù)字定位,4.,事件定位,5.,現(xiàn)象定位,6.,動(dòng)作引語(yǔ)定位,7.,對(duì)象定位,8.,專(zhuān)有名詞定位,9.,修飾語(yǔ)定位,10.,主題定位,閱讀步驟,:Step,2,（,12,min,）,標(biāo)紅為關(guān)鍵詞，下劃線為定位詞,1.According to,Borzekowski,children,having chances to use a,family computer,are likely to acquire,better results,on the different tests.,2.The reports issued in the,Archives of Pediatrics&Adolescents Medicine,find that watching,too much TV,leads to,poor performance,in school.,Example,3.Watching,more than three hours,of TV,before age 3,has,bad effect,on,kids,.,4.According to,the second report,the chance for one to acquire a,college degree,depends,on the,amount of his TV watching,during his children.,.,Example,閱讀步驟,:Step2,(1,2,mins),2,）,查讀,(Scanning),1,、,看題目，按題查找。,帶著題目中的,定位詞,，到原文中去查找定位，找到句子信息所在段落。有時(shí)要用到句子中的,多個(gè)定位詞,到原文中定位查找。查找時(shí)遵循先易后難的原則。（,Scanning,）,在查讀時(shí),一目十行地尋視,與答題內(nèi)容相關(guān)的詞句,與此無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容要很快,略過(guò),。在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)掠過(guò)盡可能多的內(nèi)容,找到所需要的信息。,2,、確定答案。,定位后，在定位詞附近找有無(wú)與題目,關(guān)鍵詞,相關(guān)內(nèi)容，有則直接選擇該段，無(wú)則繼續(xù)往下找定位詞（可在未確定位置標(biāo)上定位詞的題號(hào)以便下次判斷）。,閱讀步驟,:Step2,(1,2,mins),先易后難原則,+,不重復(fù)原則,第一遍：,第一題定位時(shí),scan,每段的第一句話（隨手,用,/,區(qū)分首句,）。找到則在段落前,打,表示已對(duì)應(yīng)一題，,然后做下一題；沒(méi)找到則放棄直接做下一題。后面同理。,最后大概能完成,3-6,題,第二遍：,沒(méi)完成的題目重新開(kāi)始，題目定位時(shí),scan,每段的最后一句（隨手,用,/,區(qū)分末句,）。找到則在段落前,打,表示已對(duì)應(yīng)一題，,然后做下一題；沒(méi)找到則放棄直接做下一題。后面同理。,最后大概還剩,2-3,題,閱讀步驟,:Step2,(1,2,mins),第三遍：,剩下的題目，定位時(shí),scan,每段的中間（先找沒(méi)有標(biāo)注,的段落，打過(guò)兩次,的段落不用看）。,最后大概還剩,0-1,題,三遍完成后剩下的題目算是比較難的題目，做起來(lái)得不償失，可以選擇放棄，也可以根據(jù)題目句子含義猜測(cè)會(huì)處于文章的大致位置。,閱讀步驟,:Step2,(1,2,mins),查讀可運(yùn)用下列技巧,:,1,、,利用章節(jié)標(biāo)題：,Title,（標(biāo)題）、,Subtitle,（副標(biāo)題）和,Section heading,（段落標(biāo)題）,2,、在瀏覽每段首句時(shí)，如果有的話，可順手將本段的,關(guān)鍵詞用筆圈出,。這些起到小標(biāo)題的作用。再閱讀到該段時(shí)可以輔助判斷，減少閱讀難度。,3,、不斷的查讀過(guò)程中留意掌握文章的大致結(jié)構(gòu)脈絡(luò),Follow me,2015,年,6,月四級(jí)真題,Essay-Grading Software Offers Professors a Break,AImagine,taking a college exam,and,instead of handing in a blue book and getting a grade from a professor a few weeks later,clicking the send button when you are done and receiving a grade back instantly,your essay,scored by a software program.And then,instead of being done with that exam,imagine that,the system would immediately let you rewrite the test to try to improve your grade.,B,EdX,the nonprofit enterprise founded by Howard and the,Masschusetts,Institute of Technology,（,MIT,）,to offer courses on the Internet,has just introduced such a system and will make its automated software available free on the Web to any institution that wants to use it.The software uses artificial intelligence to grade students essays and short written freeing professors for other tests.,C The news service will bring the educational,consortium,（聯(lián)盟）,into a growing conflict over the role of automation in education.Although automated grading systems for multiple-choice and true-false tests are now widespread,the use of artificial intelligence technology to grade essay answers has not yet received widespread acceptance by educators and has many critics.,D,Anant,Agarwal,an electrical engineer who is the president of,EdX,predicted that Instant-grading software would be a useful teaching tool,，,enabling students to take tests and write as essays over and over and improve the quality of their answers,he said that the technology would offer distinct advantages over the traditional classroom system,where students often wait days or weeks for grades.There is a huge value in learning with instant feedback,Dr.,Agarwal,said.Students are telling us they learn much better with instant feedback.,E But,skeptics,（懷疑者）,say the automated system is no match for live teachers.One longtime critic,Les Perelman,has drawn national attention several times for putting together nonsense essays that have fooled software grading programs into giving high marks.He has also been highly critical of studies claiming that the software compares well to human graders.,F He is among a group of educators who last month began circulating a,petition,（呼吁）,opposi