TITLE:,Application of GIS in logistics system,標題,：,GIS,在物流系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用,姓名：趙宣,Sub title,Introduction,M,ethods,3,Abstract,1,2,Conclusions,4,摘要,：本文對地理信息系統(tǒng)（,GIS,）,在物流系統(tǒng)中的主要應(yīng)用進行了綜述，包括基于,GIS,的物流中心的選址、,GIS,在物流配送中的應(yīng)用及,GIS,與物流信息系統(tǒng)的集成。分析了,GIS,應(yīng)用于物流中心的選址和,GIS,在物流配送中的應(yīng)用的原理和優(yōu)勢，并簡要介紹了,GIS,與物流信息系統(tǒng)集成的內(nèi)容。說明了,GIS,在物流系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用的價值。,Abstract,：,In this paper,the geographical information system(GIS)is mainly used in logistics system are reviewed,includinig integrated logistics centerlocation based on GIS,GISin logistics distributionand application oflogistics information system based onGIS and.Analyses the principle andadvantage of application of GISused inthe logistics center locationand GISin logistics distribution,and briefly introduces theintegration of GISandthe content of logistics informationsystem.To illustrate theapplication of GIS in logistics systemvalue.,關(guān)鍵詞：地理信息系統(tǒng)；物流系統(tǒng)；選址；配送；系統(tǒng)集成,KEY WORD,:Geographic information system;logisticssystem;location;distribution;system integration,Introduction,物流泛指原材料、產(chǎn)成品及相關(guān)信息從起點至終點有效流動的過程。物流將運輸、倉儲、裝卸搬運、加工、配送、信息處理等方面有機結(jié)合，形成完整的供應(yīng)鏈，為用戶提供多功能、一體化的綜合性服務(wù)。物流活動主要由資金流、信息流、物流構(gòu)成。而這些物流活動中有相當一部分與地理位置有關(guān)地理信息系統(tǒng),(,GIS),具有強 大的采集，管理，存儲，分析，處理，輸出空間數(shù)據(jù)的能力，良好的可視化和輔助決策方式。,GIS,作為處理與地理位置相關(guān)的空間數(shù)據(jù)具有得天獨厚的優(yōu)勢，利用,GIS,技術(shù)和手段優(yōu)化物流過程，必將有力地壓縮物流成本，創(chuàng)造更大的利潤。,Logistics refers to the raw materials,finished goods and related information from the beginning to the end of the effective flow process.The organic combination of transport logistics,storage,handling,processing,distribution,information processing,to form a complete supply chain,providing multi-functional,integrated comprehensive service for users.Logistics activities by capital flow,information flow,logistics constitute.These logistics activities in a considerable part of the geographical location of the relevant geographic information system(GIS)has a strong collection,storage,management,analysis,processing,output capacity of spatial data,visualization and auxiliary decision in good ways.GIS as the processing and geographic location related spatial data have the advantage be richly endowed by nature,the use of GIS technology and means of optimizing the logistics process,will effectively compressed the logistics cost,create more profit.,物流中心選址是物流系統(tǒng)中具有戰(zhàn)略意義的投資決策問題，對整個系統(tǒng)的物流合理化和商品流通的社會效益有著決定性的影響。但由于商品資源分布、需求狀況、運輸條件和自然條件等因素的影響，使得即使在同一區(qū)域內(nèi)的不同地方建立物流中心，整個物流系統(tǒng)和全社會經(jīng)濟效益也是不同的。,Methods,Logistics center location is the investment decision problem with strategic significance in the logistics system,has the decisive effect of logistics rationalization of the system and the social benefits of commodity circulation.But because of the influence of the distribution of commodity resources,demand conditions,transportation conditions and natural conditions and other factors,so that even in the same area of the establishment of logistics center in different places,the whole logistics system and the whole social economic benefits are also different.,物流中心選址方法已有較為成熟的模型與算法，主要有重心法、數(shù)值分析、,CFLP,法、,Delphi,專家咨詢法等，這些傳統(tǒng)選址方法雖然使物流中心選址更加方便，但,都存在一個共同的缺陷,，即這些方法幾乎都是建立在靜態(tài)的假定條件下來實現(xiàn)的，但是，現(xiàn)實事物在不斷變化，尤其在信息時代，需求與供應(yīng)都可能隨時發(fā)生變化，因此，其結(jié)果往往與現(xiàn)實情況不完全相符合甚至相差非常大。,1.1 The defects of the traditional location method,The model and algorithm of logistics center location method has a more mature,mainly has the center of gravity method,numerical analysis,CFLP method,Delphi expert consultation method,the traditional location methods although the logistics center location more convenient,but there is a common defect,namely,these methods are almost all based on the assumption that the condition of static down implementation however,in reality,things are changing all the time,especially in the information age,the demand and supply may change at any time,therefore,the result is often associated with the reality of the situation is not completely consistent with even the difference is very big.,2.2 With the advantage of GIS location,首先，,GIS,最大、最顯著的特點是通過地圖來表現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)；其次，,具有可視性；最后，動態(tài)交互性，,GIS,是一個動態(tài)的系統(tǒng)，它的強大的數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)可以保持持續(xù)更新，地理空間上的任何變化,GIS,都可以更新其數(shù)據(jù)庫以備調(diào)用。,First of all,the characteristics of GIS,the most significant is the largest performance data through a map;secondly,Visibility;finally,dynamic interaction,GIS is a dynamic system,a powerful database system which can keep continuously updated,any change of GIS on the geographic space can be prepared to call to update its database.,2.3 using GIS principles of logistics center location,GIS,是進行物流中心選址的最佳分析工具，它用于物流中心選址主要是依靠,GIS,的以下分析功能：,(1),空間查詢。能夠分析系統(tǒng)中點、線、面基本圖形間的關(guān)系。,(2),疊加分析。疊加分析是,GIS,非常重要的空間分析功能。分析某條配送路線上的需求點情況，,用點與線疊加；分析某個區(qū)域內(nèi)的配送中心及需求點分布情況，,用點與面疊加；分析某個區(qū)域內(nèi)的主要街道、道路情況，用線與面疊加。,GIS is a logistics center location of the best analysis tool,it is used for the location of logistics center is mainly the following analysis function based on GIS:,(1)the spatial query.To analysis the relationship between basic graphics system point,line,surface between.,(2)the overlay analysis.Overlay analysis is GIS Very important spatial analysis functions.Analysis of a delivery route on demand point,Use point and line superposition;analysis of distributio