Part 1:Introduction,Basic Terms,Basic Principles of Administrative Law,Sources of Administrative Law,Science of Administrative Law,Administrative Legal RelationsSecond level,Administrative Law,Dr.He C,Chapter2:Administrative Subject and AdministrativeCounterpart,Definition of AdministrativeSubjects,Administrative Organs,Other OrgansofExecution ofAdministrativeFunctions and Powers,NationalPublicServants,Administrative Counterparts,2.1Definition of AdministrativeSubjects,2.1.1 Definition,Theyaretheadministrativeorgans or the organizationsauthorized by laws or regulations that in theirownnameexercise administrativefunctions and powers and conduct administrativeacts that influencethecounterpart,s rights and obligations,and at the same time,they are also capable of externallybearinglegal responsibilitiesby themselves and respondingtoprosecutionsasthedefendants.,2.1.1Related concepts,2.1.1.1 Administrative subjectand administrative organs,Administrativeorgansare onetype of administrative subjects.Besidesadministrativeorgans,administrative subjects includeorganizationsauthorized by thelaw.,2.1.1.2 Administrative subjectand national publicservant,Nationalpublicservantsare therepresentativesofadministrativesubjects.Thefunctionsand powersofadministrativesubjectsarenormallyexercised throughnationalpublic servants.,Butnationalpublic servants arenotadministrativesubjects:allconsequencesofadministrativeactsthat areconductedbynationalpublic servants areascribedtoadministrativesubjectsanditisadministrativesubjectsthatshallexternally takethe legal responsibility.,2.2AdministrativeOrgans,2.2.1Definition,Administrativeorgansare thestateorgansthatareset in accordancewiththeconstitution or administrative organiclawstoexercisestateadministrativefunctions.,2.2.2Features,2.2.2.1 Administrative organsexercisestateadministrativepowersand administratestateadministrativeaffairs,2.2.2.2 Subordination-the organicsystem of leadership,is applied,Theexecution of administrative functionsbyadministrativeorgansspecially demandsofrapidityand efficiencysothe organicsystem of leadership-subordination(,主從制,)is applied.In thissystem,administrativeorgansatthe nexthigher level directly subordinate administrative organsatthenextlowerlevel,and thelatterare subjecttoand responsible fortheformer andshallreporttothe former.,That featureisexclusive to bothstateorgans of power andstatejudicialorgans.,Superiorstateorgansofpowerdonot exercise leadershiptosubordinatestateorgans of power andshallnotissueorders to them.Forlocalregulationsandresolutionsmadebysubordinatestateorgansofpowercontravenetheconstitution,thelaw andadministrativeregulations,superiorstateorgans of power mayonly rescindthemthrough legal procedures.,Thesametosuperiorpeople,scourts.,2.2.2.3 Theleading cadresresponsibilitysystem is appliedindecision-making,Administrativeorgansdirectlyenforceadministrationoncitizens,soclearjurisdiction(,權(quán)限,)andexplicitresponsibilityarerequired.,Collegial(,共同掌,權(quán),權(quán)制,)systemisadopted in theexecutionoffunctionbystateorgans of power andstatejudicialorgans.,2.2.2.4 Theexecutionoffunctions by administrative organsisusually voluntary,regularanduninterrupted,2.2.2.5 Administrative organsmost frequently,mostdirectlyand mostwidely contactwiththeindividualsand organizations,2.2.3Classification,Inthelightofjurisdiction of thepower,administrativeorgans canbedivided intocentraladministrativeorgansand local administrative organs,1)Centraladministrativeorgans,Include the State Council,Ministries and Commissions underthe StateCouncil,Organizations directly under the State CouncilandWorking Body oftheStateCouncil.,The StateCouncil,as thecentral people,s government,is the executive body ofthe highest organ ofpower.Createdby the National PeoplesCongress,theStateCouncil is responsible for itandis supervised by itand by itsstandingcommittee.,The StateCouncil isconsistedof the Premier,thevice-Premiers,theStatecouncilors,the Ministers,the Auditor-General and theSecretary-General.The Premier assumesoverall responsibility for theworkof it.,Job departmentsin the State Council:,Ministry of ForeignAffairs,Ministry of NationalDefense,Ministry of Culture,Ministry of Public Security,Ministry of Civil Affairs,National DevelopmentandReform Commission,At present,28ministries,commissions,bankand offices arelisted into the workingdepartments ofthe StateCouncil.,2)Local administrative organs,Include local people,s governmentsat different levelsand the workingdepartment thereof.,Divided into three levels:,peoples governmentsof the provinces,the autonomous regions andmunicipality underthe central authority;,peoples governmentsof counties,autonomouscounties and citiesat the level ofcounties;,peoples governmentsof townships,nationality townships,and towns.,Q:Inthefollowingorgans,which are administrative organs?,1,、武漢市人,大,大常委會(huì),2,、武漢市地,稅,稅局,3,、武漢市洪,山,山區(qū)喻家山,派,派出所,4,、華中科技,大,大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)委,員,員會(huì),5,、中共武漢,市,市委員會(huì),6,、武漢市中,級(jí),級(jí)人民法院,7,、武漢市政,協(xié),協(xié),8,、武漢市洪,山,山區(qū)街道辦,事,事處,9,、武漢市總,工,工會(huì),10,、武漢市青,山,山區(qū)和平鄉(xiāng),政,政府,11,、武漢市青,山,山區(qū)和平級(jí),大,大橋村村委,