,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二層,,第三層,,第四層,,第五層,,*,*,*,眼科檢查,,Examination of the eye,,,,12/12/2024,1,,,第一節(jié) 病史采集,Collection of patient’s history,,,一、病史,patient’s history,,1．一般情況,general information,,2．主訴,the chief history,,3．現(xiàn)病史,present history,,4．過(guò)去病史,past history,,5．生活史或家族史,,,life history and family history,,12/12/2024,2,,二．病癥 subjective feelings,,,1. 視力障礙 disturbance of vision,,,2. 感覺(jué)異常 abnormal feeling,,,3. 外觀異常 abnormal appearances,12/12/2024,3,,各種類型的視力下降,一過(guò)性,,突然，無(wú)眼疼,,逐漸，無(wú)眼疼,,突然伴眼疼,,視力下降，眼部無(wú)異常,,突然發(fā)現(xiàn)的視力下降,,12/12/2024,4,,第二節(jié) 視功能檢查,Examination of visual function,12/12/2024,5,,一 、 視力,視力〔visual acuity〕又稱視銳度 ，是眼球固視時(shí)對(duì)固視點(diǎn)的形覺(jué)分辨能力，主要反映黃斑的視功能。,,視角〔visual angle〕,,視力檢查中所用的視力表，是根據(jù)分視角原理制成的。,,視力的記錄方法V=d/D，V為視力，d為實(shí)際看見(jiàn)某視標(biāo)的距離，D為正常眼應(yīng)能看見(jiàn)該視標(biāo)的距離。,12/12/2024,6,視力記錄法：,,小數(shù)法，分?jǐn)?shù)法 1m,,指數(shù)〔counting fingers, CF〕 5cm,,手動(dòng)〔hand motions, HM〕,,光感〔light perception, LP〕 5m 1m,,,近視力檢查,,,小兒視力檢查法：,,選擇觀看法,,視動(dòng)性眼震,,遮蓋法,,電生理檢查,+++,,+++,,+++,12/12/2024,7,,二. 視野,Visual field,弧形視野計(jì),perimeter,,平面視野計(jì),tangent screen,,12/12/2024,8,,12/12/2024,9,,三. 色覺(jué),,Color sensation,,假同色圖,,,pseudoisochromatic plates,,12/12/2024,10,四. 暗適應(yīng),,Dark adaptation,,12/12/2024,11,,五. 視覺(jué)電生理,Visual electrophysiological examination,,眼電圖,electroculogram (EOG),,視網(wǎng)膜電圖,electroretinogram (ERG),,視覺(jué)誘發(fā)電位,,,visual evoked potential (VEP),,12/12/2024,12,,第三節(jié) 眼部檢查,,Examination of the eye,,一. 眼附屬器檢查,12/12/2024,13,,12/12/2024,14,,二. 眼球前段檢查,,12/12/2024,15,,三. 裂隙燈顯微鏡檢查,Examination with slit –lamp microscope,,12/12/2024,16,,四. 前房角鏡檢查,Gonioscopy,,12/12/2024,17,,五. 眼壓測(cè)量,,Tonometry,,12/12/2024,18,,六. 檢眼鏡檢查,,Ophthalmoscopy,,12/12/2024,19,,12/12/2024,20,,眼底熒光血管造影,,Fundus,,fluorescein,angiography (FFA),,12/12/2024,21,,12/12/2024,22,,影象學(xué)檢查,,The examination of,imageology,,12/12/2024,23,,