單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,V-ing形式,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,V-ing形式Evaluation only.,一.含義,動詞的-ing形式是非謂語動詞的一種形式，不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語。,二.構(gòu)成,1.構(gòu)成:動詞原形+-ing,2.規(guī)則:,一般情況，直接+ing;,以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e+ing;,以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動詞，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加ing;,以ie結(jié)尾，變ie為y，+ing，例：die，dying；lie，lying.,關(guān)鍵詞,：含義 構(gòu)成 特征 分類 成分 用法 形式 運(yùn)用,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一.含義關(guān)鍵詞：含義 構(gòu)成 特征 分類 成分 用,三.特征,1.動詞的-ing形式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞等詞的特點(diǎn).,2.動詞的-ing形式由動詞變來,所以保留了動詞的某些特征,如它可以有自己的賓語,狀語等.,He enjoys listening to violin music,playing mah-jong,swimming and reading.,四.分類,1.動名詞:動詞的-ing 形式相當(dāng)于名詞在句中的用法.,2.現(xiàn)在分詞:具有動詞的特征，可以表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的、主動的動作.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,三.特征Evaluation only.,小結(jié)：doing,為非謂語動詞，由do原形+ing 構(gòu)成，不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語,可以充當(dāng) 1.主語 2.賓語 3.表語 4.定語 5.狀語 6.賓語補(bǔ)足語。,doing,現(xiàn)在分詞,動名詞,具有名詞，動詞的特性,具有adj.，adv.的特性,成分,形式,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,小結(jié)：doing 為非謂語動詞，由do原形+ing 構(gòu)成，,做主語和賓語的肯定是_；,做狀語和賓補(bǔ)的肯定是_。,Examples:,1)Seeing is believing.,(,動名詞做主語和賓語,),2)Be careful while crossing the street.,(,現(xiàn)在分詞做時(shí)間狀語,),3)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.,(,現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語,),動名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞Evaluation only.,1.做,主語,例句呈現(xiàn)：,1.Since then,finding ways,to grow more rice has been his life goal.,2.,Spending money,on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.,3.Just,dreaming for things,however,costs nothing.,五.用法,：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,1.做主語例句呈現(xiàn)：五.用法：Evaluation on,小結(jié),：,1特征：,單個(gè)的動詞-ing形式作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。,2.句型：,1）doing 作,主語句型：,Doing.+V+O,2）,但有些含有動名詞的句型，為避免句子主語太長，通常用,it,作,形式主語,，-ing形式作真正的主語。下面列舉幾種最常見的句型：,Eg.Its no use crying over spilt（傾倒出）milk.,It+be+no good/use doing做無益/無用,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,小結(jié)：Evaluation only.,Its a waste of time thinking hard about the past.,It+be+a waste of time doing做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,The book is worth reading.,It+be+worth doing 做值得,There is no harm in doing so.,There+be+no+n.+in+doing 做沒有,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,2.作,賓語,(動詞賓語和介詞賓語）,He finished,reading the book yesterday,.,I,enjoy,learning English.,(動詞賓語）,I am fond,of,watching TV.,（介詞賓語,）,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2.作賓語(動詞賓語和介詞賓語）Evaluation o,動詞+賓語,只接doing,只接to do,doing和to do皆可，意義,區(qū)別很大,doing和to do皆可，意義,區(qū)別不大,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,動詞+賓語只接doing只接to dodoing和to,以下動詞須用doing 做賓語,1)記憶口訣：,雙P延期,兩建議,否認(rèn),錯(cuò)過了,練習(xí),考慮,完成,不耽擱,喜歡 設(shè)想,不介意,面對,堅(jiān)持,不放棄,避免,冒險(xiǎn),請?jiān)?對應(yīng)單詞：,postpone,put off,suggest,advise,deny,miss,practice,consider,finish,delay,fancy,enjoy,appreciate,imagine,mind,face,insist on,give up,avoid,risk,excuse,forgive,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,以下動詞須用doing 做賓語1)記憶口訣：對應(yīng)單詞：Ev,2)need,require,want+doing,=need to be don,注意,:主動表被動,動詞want，need，require作“需要”解時(shí)，后面的動詞用動名詞作賓語時(shí)，且與句子主語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，這個(gè)動名詞的主動式表示被動意義。,3)give up,cant help,look forward,have,trouble .+doing,Eg1.My coat needs,washing.,=My coat needs to be washed.,Eg2.I look forward to,receiving,your letter.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2)need,require,want+doing,下列動詞常以動詞不定式（to do）作賓語。,三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng),兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕,設(shè)法學(xué)會做決定,不要假裝在選擇,hope;wish;want;agree;promise,demand;ask;refuse,manage;learn;decide,pretend;choose,想要拒絕命令,需要努力學(xué)習(xí),期望同意幫助,希望決定開始。,want;refuse;order,need;try;learn,expect;agree;help,hope;wish;decide;begin;start,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,下列動詞常以動詞不定式（to do）作賓語。三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng),有些動詞既可接-ing，又可接to do作賓語,區(qū)別不是很大。,like,love,hate,begin,start,continue,intend,prefer,etc.,He likes singing.,He likes to sing.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,有些動詞既可接-ing，又可接to do作賓語,區(qū)別不,1)I must remember to take my notebook with me.,I remember seeing her somewhere before.,remember to do sth.,記得要做某事。,remember doing sth.,記得做過某事。,類似詞：forget,regret,mean,stop,try,etc.,有些動詞后既可以接doing又可以接to do作賓語,意思上有,明顯差別,：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,1)I must remember to take my n,2)I forgot to post the letter.,I forgot posting the letter.,forget to do sth.,忘記要做某事。,forget doing sth.,忘記做過某事。,