,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,二級,三級,四級,五級,2021/1/30,#,2021,屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題,2,冠詞,1,2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題2冠詞1,命題規(guī)律,：,2020,年新高考,I,卷及近五年課標(biāo)卷在語篇型填空中對冠詞的考查集中在冠詞的基本用法上，冠詞的習(xí)慣用法已經(jīng)成為高考的難點(diǎn)之一。,命題趨勢,：對冠詞的考察仍會成為高考語篇型填空的重點(diǎn)，而且對冠詞的考察往往不給提示詞。,重點(diǎn),易錯點(diǎn),2,命題規(guī)律：2020年新高考I卷及近五年課標(biāo)卷在語篇型填空中對,一、冠詞的泛指、特指,泛指,是指首次提到的、不限定的人或事物。,特指,是指在上文已提到的人或事物，也可以指說話雙方心目中所默認(rèn)的特定的人或事物。,3,一、冠詞的泛指、特指3,例題：,The biggest whale is,(the)blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of,9-story building.,答案：,the a,4,例題：4,二、不定冠詞,1,、不定冠詞的基本用法,(1),不定冠詞有,a,an,兩種形式。,當(dāng)冠詞后的第一個音素為,輔音音素,（注意不是輔音字母）時，用,a;,當(dāng)冠詞后的第一個音素為,元音音素,（注意不是元音字母）時，用,an,。,Eg:a digital camera,an ant,a university,a one-eyed dog,an hour,an X-ray,5,二、不定冠詞5,特別提醒,（,1,）,hour,honest,honor,等詞的拼寫雖以輔音字母,hour,開頭，但其讀音卻以,元音開頭,，以此前面要用,an,。,（,2,）,useful,，,university,usual,united,European,one-eyed,one-way,等單詞的拼寫雖然以元音字母開頭，但其讀音卻以,輔音開頭,，因此，前面要用,a,。,6,特別提醒6,（,3,）如果名詞被副詞,hardly,scarcely,barely,exactly,所修飾，或和一個形容詞共同修飾時，不定冠詞要放在上述,副詞之后，形容詞之前,。,Eg:This is hardly a right thing to do.,這不是一件正確的事。,7,（3）如果名詞被副詞hardly,scarcely,ba,例題：,1.I earn 10 dollars,hour,as,supermarket cashier on Saturdays.,2.The teacher asked us to write,800-word-long,composition.,3.Christmas is,special holiday when the whole family are supposed.,答案：,1.an a;2.an;3.a,8,例題：8,2,、含不定冠詞的?？级陶Z,have a cold,患感冒,have a god time,玩得高興,have a gift for.,有,.,的天賦,have a word with.,與,.,談話,have/take a rest,休息下,have a holiday,度假,make a living,謀生,get a lift/ride,搭便車,go on a diet,節(jié)食,9,2、含不定冠詞的?？级陶Z9,as a result,因此,as a matter of fact,事實(shí)上,as a rule,通常，照例,after a while,一會兒后,in a hurry,匆忙,in a sense,在某種意義上,in a word,總之,in a moment,一會兒,once in a while,偶爾,at a loss,困惑，不知所措,at a distance,離,一段距離,10,as a result 因此10,for a while,暫時，一會兒,once upon a time,從前,all of a sudden,突然,a waste of.,浪費(fèi),.,a matter of.,問題,have a population.,有,人口,have a history of.,有,.,的歷史,a collection of,一批,.,have a knowledge of,（,=know,）知道,have an understanding of,（,=understand,）了解,11,for a while暫時，一會兒11,例題：,1.I dont want to have words with you.I prefer to have_ word with you.,2.The power supply was cut off.All of_ sudden,the lights went out.,3.China has,far larger population than Canada.,4.The quality of the ambulance service is_ matter of life and death.,答案：,1.a;2.a;3.a;4.a,12,例題：12,三、定冠詞,用法：,1,、用在表示,特指的人或物,的名詞前。,Eg:Thebookonthedeskismine.,書桌上的那本書是我的。,2,、用在,姓氏復(fù)數(shù),前，表示一家人或夫婦二人。,Eg:TheChensaregoingtomovetoLangfang.,姓陳的一家要搬到廊坊去。,13,三、定冠詞13,3,、用在,世紀(jì)、年代、朝代,名詞前或用在表示,方位,的名詞前。,theTangdynasty,唐朝,theSpringandAutumnPeriod,春秋時期,inthe1990s/1990s,在,20,世紀(jì),90,年代,thesouth,南方,/,部,4,、用在,表度量單位,的名詞前，表示“每一”,。如,by the hour/day/week/month year/dozen/yard/ton/kilo,，但是,size,，,weight,這類名詞跟,by,連用時不加定冠詞。,Eg:Wegotpaidbythemonth.,我們按月計(jì)酬。,Meatissoldbyweight.,肉按重量出售。,14,3、用在世紀(jì)、年代、朝代名詞前或用在表示方位的名詞前。14,5,、,“,the+,形容詞或分詞”,有時也可表類指。,Eg:thewounded,傷員,thedying,垂死之人,theunknown,未知的事物,thedeaf,耳聾的人,6,、,“動詞,+sb.+,介詞,+the+,身體某部”,結(jié)構(gòu)中的,the,不可用物主代詞代替。,此外，在,be red in the face,（臉紅），,be lame in the right leg,（右腿瘸），,be blind in the left eye,（左眼失明）等結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前也要用,the,。,Eg:Anapplefellfromthetreeandhithimonthehead.,一個蘋果從樹上落下，砸在了他的頭上。,15,5、“the+形容詞或分詞”有時也可表類指。15,7,、用于,江河海洋、山脈群島、海灣海峽,等地理名詞前。,Eg:TheYellowRiveristhecradleofChineseculture.,黃河是中華文化的搖籃。,TheWestLakeisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.,西湖以其美景著稱。,8,、用于,含普通名詞,的國家、組織機(jī)構(gòu)、建筑物、報(bào)紙雜志、會議條約等名稱前,。,Eg:IshallneverforgetseeingtheGreatWallforthefirsttime.,我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記第一次見到長城的情景。,16,7、用于江河海洋、山脈群島、海灣海峽等地理名詞前。16,9,、用于,序數(shù)詞或形容詞、副詞的最高級,前。,注意：當(dāng)兩者進(jìn)行比較時，在比較級前加定冠詞起到特指作用，表示“兩者中較的一方,。,Eg:Hewasthefirsttospeakagainstslavery.,他是第一個發(fā)表演說反對奴隸制的人。,Heisthebetterofthetwo.,他是兩者中較好的那個。,10,、用于,西方樂器,前。,Eg:playthepiano/violin/guitar,彈鋼琴,/,拉小提琴,/,彈吉他,11,、用在,same,，,very,，,only,前構(gòu)成,the same/very/only+,名詞,結(jié)構(gòu)。,Eg:Heistheveryperson,（,=justtheperson,）,Iamlookingfor.,他正是我在找的人。,Heistheonlypoetinthiscountrythatdeservesthename.,他是這個國家唯一一位名副其實(shí)的詩人。,17,9、用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞、副詞的最高級前。注意：當(dāng)兩者進(jìn)行比較,12,、用在某些,固定短語,中。,in the countryside,在鄉(xiāng)下,in the end,最后，終于,in,（,the,）,daytime,在白天,in the habit of,習(xí)慣于,make the most of,充分利用,in the distance,在遠(yuǎn)處,in the way,擋路,on the whole,總的說來,on the right/left,在右,/,左邊,18,12、用在某些固定短語中。18,at the moment,此刻,for the time being,暫時,in the meantime,同時,at the end of.,的盡頭,in the playground,在操場上,go to the doctors,去看醫(yī)生,by the way,順便提,-,下,the other day,前幾天,on the radio/phone,通過無線電廣播,/,電話,on the spot,在現(xiàn)場，當(dāng)場，當(dāng)下,19,at the moment此刻19,to tell,（,you,）,the truth,說實(shí)話，老實(shí)說,go to the cinema,去看電影,not in the least,（,=not at all,）一點(diǎn)也不,on the one handon the other hand.,一方面,，另一方面,.,for the most part,通常，多半,all the time,一直,特別提醒：,1,、定冠詞通常放在,all,both,double,exactly,just,等詞之后。,2,、定冠詞要放在,half,twice,much,之后。,20,to tell（you）the truth說實(shí)話，老實(shí)說20,例題：,1.The little boy took the blind man by,arm and walked him across the street.,2.Then,Smiths were listening to the boy who was playing,piano.,3.In fact,Chinese language is the m most difficult one in the world.,4.I think Tom is,cleverer of the two boys who is,first to solve the problem.,5.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on,Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in,thirteenth century.,答案：,1.the;2.the the;3.the;4.the the;5.the the,21,例題：1.The little boy took th,四、零冠詞,用法：,1,、,不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)