重溫高考,內(nèi)容索引,專題精析,考點集訓,定語從句,重溫高考內(nèi)容索引專題精析考點集訓定語從句,重溫高考,重溫高考,2,單句語法填空,I,d skipped nearby Guilin,，,a dream place for tourists seeking the,limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li,River,_,are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.(2015,全國,),解析,先行詞為指物的,mountain tops and dark waters,，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，因此答案為,that/which,。,考向,1,關系代詞引導的限制性定語從句,答案,解析,that/which,單句語法填空考向1關系代詞引導的限制性定語從句答案解析th,考向,2,“,介詞,whom/which,”,或關系副詞引導的限制性定語從句,1,2,單句語法填空,1.When harvest came around,，,he was already selling herbs,，,vegetables and cotton in the market,people from the towns met regularly.(2015,廣東,),解析,根據(jù)句子結構可以判斷，在這里應填關系詞來引導一個定語從句，修飾表地點的先行詞,the market,，且關系詞在定語從句中作狀語，故填關系副詞,where,。,答案,解析,where,考向2“介詞whom/which”或關系副詞引導的限制性,2.Behind him were other people to,he was trying to talk,，,but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me,，,looking annoyed.(2011,廣東,),解析,此處是一個定語從句，缺少關系代詞，因為先行詞為,other people,，指的是人，而且與介詞,to,連用，所以填,whom,。,答案,解析,whom,1,2,2.Behind him were other people,考向,3,關系代詞或關系副詞引導的非限制性定語從句,單句語法填空,1.Like anything,，,it is possible to have too much of both,，,is not good for the health.(2017,全國,),解析,分析句子結構可知，空格處所填詞引導非限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，且指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，故填關系代詞,which,。,答案,解析,which,1,2,3,4,5,6,考向3關系代詞或關系副詞引導的非限制性定語從句單句語法填空,2.But Sarah,，,has taken part in shows along with top models,，,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017,全國,),解析,引導詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，且指人，故用,who,。,答案,解析,who,1,2,3,4,5,6,2.But Sarah，has taken,3.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,，,it remained until the carrot,s leafy top accidentally sprouted(,生長,)through it.(2017,浙江,),解析,考查定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構可知，空格處所在的句子是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞,the garden,，且從句中缺少地點狀語，故用,where,引導該定語從句。,答案,解析,where,1,2,3,4,5,6,3.Pahlsson and her husband now,4.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,，,I was the first Western TV reporter permitted,to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.,(2016,全國,),解析,先行詞是表示時間的,the mid-1980s,，且從句中缺少狀語，故填關系副詞,when,。,答案,解析,when,1,2,3,4,5,6,4.But my connection with panda,5.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,，,lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,，,influenced the development of chopsticks.,(2016,全國,),解析,所填詞引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞指人，且在從句中作主語，故填,who,。,答案,解析,who,1,2,3,4,5,6,5.Some people think that the g,6.Of course whenever they turned to look at him,，,they had to look at Mary,，,made her feel like a star.(2012,廣東,),解析,由逗號可知此處是一個非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個句子所表述的內(nèi)容，故用,which,引導。,答案,解析,which,1,2,3,4,5,6,6.Of course whenever they turn,專題精析,專題精析,定語從句的句法功能及相關定義,1.,功能：相當于形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語。,2.,位置：定語從句常置于被修飾詞之后；,as,引導的非限制性定語從句可置于主句前、句中，也可置于主句之后。,Those who are for the plan raise your hands,，,please.,As is known to us all,，,the earth is spinning around the sun.,定語從句的句法功能及相關定義,3.,先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞。,先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如：,some-,，,any-,，,every-,，,no-,與,-body,，,-thing,的合成詞或,all,，,none,，,any,，,some,，,that,，,those,等代詞。數(shù)詞和人稱代詞也同樣可作先行詞。,4.,關系詞：連接先行詞與從句的詞叫關系詞。,關系代詞：,who,，,whom,，,which,，,that,，,whose,，,as,等。,關系副詞：,when,，,where,，,why,等。,3.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞。,定語從句的核心考點,1.,確定關系詞的步驟：,(1),先找先行詞，看先行詞指的是什么。,(2),看關系詞在從句中所充當?shù)某煞帧?注意：,先行詞與關系詞是等量關系。,(1),先行詞在從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的數(shù)由先行詞而定。,This is the place which is worth visiting.,(2),關系詞在從句中充當了成分，其意思就是先行詞的意義，所以在從句中不能重復其意。,There are many places we can visit in China.(visit,后面不能再加,many places/them),定語從句的核心考點,2.,在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，下列情況的關系詞用,that,而不用,which,：,(1),當先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時。,(2),先行詞被,all,，,every,，,no,，,some,，,any,，,little,，,much,，,the only,，,the very,，,few,等修飾時。,(3),先行詞為,all,，,much,，,little,，,none,，,few,，,something,，,anything,等不定代詞時。,2.在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，下列情況的關系詞用that,(4),先行詞中既有人又有物時。,He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.,(5),先行詞在主句中作表語時。,The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.,(6),當主句是以,which,開頭的特殊疑問句時。,Which are the books that you bought for me?,(4)先行詞中既有人又有物時。,3.,用,which,而不用,that,的情況：,(1),在非限制性定語從句中。,(2),當關系詞前有介詞時。,(3),當先行詞本身是,that,時。,(4),關系詞后有插入語時。,3.用which而不用that的情況：,4.,關系詞,who,與,that,指人時，根據(jù)不同情況分別用不同的關系詞。,(1),當主句是,there be,句型時，關系詞用,who,。,(2),先行詞是,anyone,，,those,，,someone,，,everyone,，,one,等詞時，關系詞用,who,。,(3),當主句是,who,作疑問詞時，關系詞用,that,。,Who is that girl that is standing by the window?,(4)whom,在從句中只作賓語，可被,who,取代。,5.whose,作關系詞既指人又指物，在從句中作定語。,Do you know Mr Smith whose story is very moving?,There is a room,，,whose window faces the river.,4.關系詞who與that指人時，根據(jù)不同情況分別用不同的關,6.,關系代詞,as,在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。,(1),先行詞被,such,和,the same,修飾，或句型,as many(much),中，從句都用,as,引導。,Such books as you bought are useful.,注意：,such.that.,引導結果狀語從句。如：,They are such lovely children that we love them much.,the same.as.,和,the same.that.,都可引導定語從句，前者表示,“,與,同樣的,(,但不是同一個,),”,；后者表示,“,同一個，就是那個,”,如：,This is the same pen as I lost last week.,這同我上周丟失的那支鋼筆一樣。,(,但不是同一支,),This is the same pen that I lost last week.,這就是我上周丟的那支鋼筆。,6.關系代詞as在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。,(2),先行詞為句子，定語從句用,as,或,which,引導。,區(qū)別：,意義上：,as,含有,“,這點正如,一樣,”,。,位置上：,as,從句可置于句首，也可在句中或句尾；,which,引導的非限制定語從句只能放在主句之后。,He didn,t pass the exam,，,as we ha