單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,小田,www.iloveppt.org,*,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,*,*,虛擬語調(diào),第1頁,第1頁,語調(diào)種類,陳說語調(diào)：表示動作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實，擬定或符合事實，用于陳說句，疑問句和一些感慨句。,We are not ready.,Did it rain all day yesterday?,How a fine day it is!,祈使語調(diào)：表說話人提議，請求，邀請，命令等。,Be carefully!,Dont forget to close the window!,Open the door,please?,虛擬語調(diào)：表動作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在事實，而是說話人主觀愿望，假設或推測等。,If I were you,I would study English.,I wish you chould go with me.,May you succeed!,1,第2頁,第2頁,一.虛擬語調(diào)在條件句中使用辦法,條件句有兩類，真實條件句和虛擬條件句,真實條件句：假設情況有也許發(fā)生，謂語用陳說語調(diào)。,If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go to the park.,虛擬條件句：假設過去現(xiàn)在都不存在，或者未來不大可 能發(fā)生情況,If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about homework.,第3頁,第3頁,在含有虛擬條件句復合句中，主語和從句謂語中都要用虛擬語調(diào)。虛擬語調(diào)從句和主句動詞形式列表下列,動詞形式,從句,主句,與現(xiàn)在事實相反,動詞過去式（be過去式普通用were）,would,should +動詞原形,could,might,與過去事實相反,had+過去分詞,would,should +have+過去分詞,chould,might,與未來事實也許相反,動詞過去式,should+動詞原形,were to+動詞原形,would,should+動詞原形,chould,might,第4頁,第4頁,表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反假設和結(jié)果,If I,were,you,I,should/would/chould/might tell,him the truth,If he,had,time,he,should/would/chould/might go,with you.,If my brother,were,here,everything,would be,all right.,第5頁,第5頁,2.與過去事實相反假設或結(jié)果,If you,had taken,my advice,you,wouldnt/shouldnt/couldnt/might have failed,in the exam.,If I,had had,the money last week,I,should/would/chould/might have bought,a car.,If she,had won,the game,she,would/chould/might have telephoned,you immediately.,第6頁,第6頁,3.表示與未來事實相反結(jié)果或假設,If it,were,saturday tomorrow,I,would go,to the Jingsan Road to shop.,If it,were to snow,this evening,they,would not to,go out.,If it,should rain,the crops,would/chould/might be saved.,第7頁,第7頁,4.主從句動作發(fā)生時間不一致情況,有時候條件從句中動作與主語從句中動作發(fā)生時間，這時候動詞形式要依據(jù)它所表示時間加以調(diào)整,If you,had listened,to the doctors,you,would be,all right now.,If you,had practised,speaking English more,you,would be,able to speak it fluently.,第8頁,第8頁,二.虛擬語調(diào)在主語從句中使用辦法,在“Its,important,/,strange,/,natural,/,necessary,that這類句型中，that一道主語從句中謂語 動詞慣用”should+動詞原形“結(jié)構，表示”主要“”奇怪“”自然“”必要“等意義,It is,important,that every member,(should)inform,himself of this rules.,It is,necessary,that he,(should)be sent,there at once.,It is very,strange,that she,(should)have left,without saying goodbye.,第9頁,第9頁,三.虛擬語調(diào)在賓語從句中使用辦法,1.在動詞wish后賓語從句,表示與現(xiàn)在或過去事實相反，或?qū)ξ磥碇饔^愿望，從句中 通常省略連詞that.,(1)對現(xiàn)在情況虛擬，從句動詞用過去式或過去進行時（be動詞普通用were）,I wish I,knew,the answer to the qustion.,How I wish I,were,a bird.,第10頁,第10頁,（2)對過去情況虛擬：從句動詞慣用“had+過去分詞”,I wish,hadnt spent,so much money.,He wish he,had not lost,the chances.,（3)對未來主觀愿望：從句動詞形式用“would+動詞原形”,I wish it,would stop,raining.,I wish you,would come,soon.,第11頁,第11頁,2.在提議（advise/recommend/suggest/propose）要求(demand/command/require/insist)命令（order）等動詞賓語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”,I suggest that we,(should)set off,at once.,I demand that the work,(should)be done,immediately.,The students insisted that they,(should)have,more English classes.,第12頁,第12頁,四.虛擬語調(diào)在狀語從句中使用辦法,1.在even if/though 引導讓步狀語從句主從復合句中：主句和從句都有虛擬語調(diào)，動詞形式含有虛擬條件句虛擬語調(diào)相同,Even if,Lintao,were,here,I,should say,the same thing.,Even though he,had been ill,he,would have gone,to his office.,第13頁,第13頁,2,由as if 或as though 引導方式或比較狀語從句時，從句謂語動詞為過去式（be用were）或“had+過去分詞”,He treats me as if I,were,his own child.,She talked about the movie as if she,had really seen,it.,第14頁,第14頁,3.在in order that或so that 引導目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用“chould/might(有時也用should)+動詞原形”,Mr Green spoken slowly so that his student,could/might hear,clearly,.,They are climbing higher in order that they,chould/might get,a better view.,注,：,在in case,for fear(that),lest等引導從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，in case 引導從句還慣用陳說語調(diào)，for fear that引導從句謂語動詞還能夠用情態(tài)動詞may might或would,She took her raincoat with her,in case,/,for fear that,/,lest,she(should)be caught in the rain.,Remind me of it in case I,(should)forget.,第15頁,第15頁,五.虛擬語調(diào)在定語從句中使用辦法,在“,It is time(that).,”句型中，從句謂語動詞慣用虛擬語調(diào)表示未來，動詞形式用過去式或“should+動詞原形”，意思是該做什么時候了,It is we,went,to bed.,Its(high)time we,did,our homework.,第16頁,第16頁,六.虛擬語調(diào)在簡樸句中使用辦法,1.情態(tài)動詞過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示說話人謙虛，客氣，有禮貌或委婉語調(diào)，慣用于日常會話中,It,would,be better for you if you not to stay up too late.,Would,you kind enough to open the door.,2.在一些習慣表示中,You,d better,go now.,I,would rather not tell,you.,3.用“May+動詞原形”表示“祝愿”，“希望”，may置于句首,May,you be happy!,May,good luck be yours!,第17頁,第17頁,七.虛擬語調(diào)能夠轉(zhuǎn)換形式,1.省略if連詞，假如虛擬語調(diào)中有were,should或had,能夠省略if,把這幾種詞放在主語前，構成主謂倒裝,If he should come,tell him to ring me up.,If I were you,I would not do it.,If he had more careful,such mistakes chould have been avoided.,第18頁,第18頁,!,在虛擬條件句中，省略連詞倒裝形式，其句首不能用動詞縮略式,If it,werent,for the expense,I would go to Paris.,Werent it for the expense,I would go to Paris.(,),Were it not,for the expense,I would go to Paris.,第19頁,第19頁,2.用介詞短語來代替條件狀語從句，有時假設情況并不用條件從句來表示，而通過介詞短語,Without,air,there would be no living things.,=?,But for,you,I chouldnt have do it.,=?,*,假設情況有時通過上下文看得出來,I was busy that day,otherwise,I would have gone with you.,I,would have finished,the work,but I had been ill.,第20頁,第20頁,七.省略條件從句或主語從句虛擬語調(diào),表示虛擬語調(diào)主句或從句有時能夠省略，但含義仍可推知,You,chould have washed,your clothes yourself.,If only she,had not left.,If only the wind,would stop,!,If my grandmother