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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)聚焦 Unit 4 Earthquakes習(xí)題 新人教版必修1 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx洛陽(yáng)統(tǒng)考) One winter, my cousin and I were playing toy blocks in the yard. My mom was out for shopping to get groceries and my dad was asleep upstairs in his room. Suddenly, it started to snow. First it was just a little. But then it started to pour heavily. Then, we put the finishing touches to our blocks and headed back inside. Right when I opened the sliding glass door, my cousin fell down on the slippery wooden stairs. I let go of the door, my worst mistake, you see. The door locks automatically but I had put a rock, right next to the door so it wouldnt close. But while I was running to my cousins aid Id accidentally kicked the rock. Now, my cousin and I were locked outside. And unfortunately it started to get really windy. It was really freezing with the snow. First we started to call my dad, but he was sleeping soundly. I mean, slept through a tornado soundly. It was of no use. Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didnt work because the fence was iced by snow and wind, and the fence is six feet high. So, I climbed up to my tree house and brainstormed some ideas on ways to get in. At one point, I was seriously considering jumping out of the tree house and using the trampoline(蹦床) to jump over the fence. So, we got to work. First, I took out the trampoline. Then I started to jump. First try—I almost cracked my head. Second try—this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened_out. Third try—I jumped and missed but at the last second, my hand caught the fence, and with a lot of pushing I finally climbed over the fence and luckily, I fell on a big snowdrift. Then I got inside and unlocked the door for my cousin to get in. Finally, my mom came back. Then we shared this story with my mom and dad. 文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是作者與表弟在后院玩耍時(shí)突遇風(fēng)雪天氣，因意外他們被鎖在門(mén)外的經(jīng)歷。 1．When the author wanted to jump in, the main problem was that ________. A．the fence was icy B．the fence was slippery and high C．the trampoline couldnt bear the weight D．the trampoline was too small 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didnt work because the fence was iced by snow and wind, and the fence is six feet high”可知，作者之所以跳不過(guò)去是因?yàn)榛h笆又高又滑，即B項(xiàng)正確。 2．The attitude of the authors cousin towards jumping on the trampoline seems ________. A．passive　　　　　　　　　 B．positive C．indifferent D．objective 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened out”可知作者的表弟對(duì)作者的提議持消極態(tài)度，即A項(xiàng)正確。 3．The words “chickened out” (Paragraph 5) most probably mean “________”． A．fell down B．cried out C．jumped up D．backed out 答案：D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened out”中的convinced和but可知，作者說(shuō)服了表弟，但在最后一秒鐘表弟又打退堂鼓了，即D項(xiàng)正確。 4．Which would be the best title of the text? A．Climbing over the Fence in the Snow B．An adventure in the Yard C．Friendship Produces Pleasure D．We Are Independent 答案：B　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章講述的是作者與表弟在后院玩積木時(shí)突遇風(fēng)雪天氣，因意外他們被鎖在門(mén)外時(shí)所采取的冒險(xiǎn)行動(dòng)，因此B項(xiàng)正確。 B (xx北京) The Boy Made It! One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine.In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area.Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path.Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didnt have food, water, a phone, or other supplies.He was getting colder by the minute. Nicholas had no idea where he was.He tried not to panic.He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV.It was time to put the tips he had learned to use. He decided to stop skiing.There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put.The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.If he didnt，his body temperature would get very low，which could quickly kill him. Using his skis，Nicholas built a snow cave.He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.Then he piled branches on top of himself，like a blanket，to stay as warm as he could. By that evening，Nicholas was really hungry.He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water.Not knowing how much longer he could last，Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled(蜷縮)in his cave and slept. The next day，Nicholas went out to look for help，but he couldnt find anyone.He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave，because without shelter，he could die that night.On Tuesday，Nicholas went out again to find help.He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.After two days stuck in the snow，Nicholas was saved. Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV.He had often watched Grylls survival show Man vs. Wild.Thats where he learned the tips that saved his life.In each episode(一期節(jié)目)of Man vs. Wild，Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds，he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. 文章大意：本文講的是一個(gè)小男孩在暴風(fēng)雪中迷路，他不畏艱難，利用在電視中學(xué)到的野外生存知識(shí)逃脫困境的故事。 5．What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon? A．He got lost. B．He broke his skis. C．He hurt his eyes. D．He caught a cold. 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句，“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone！”可知答案。說(shuō)明Nicholas迷路了。故選A。 6．How did Nicholas keep himself warm? A．He found a shelter. B．He lighted some branches. C．He kept on skiing. D．He built a snow cave. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave.He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.Then he piled branches on top of himself，like a blanket，to stay as warm as he could.可知，Nicholas保持溫暖的方式是建了一個(gè)雪洞。故選D。 7．On Tuesday，Nicholas________. A．returned to his shelter safely B．was saved by a searcher C．got stuck in the snow D．stayed where he was 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.可知，星期二的時(shí)候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故選B。 8．Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he________. A．did the right things in the dangerous situation B．watched Grylls TV program regularly C．created some tips for survival D．was very hardworking 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段．..he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.可知，Grylls 這個(gè)人想表達(dá)一個(gè)小男孩能在如此困難的情況下成功逃生是難能可貴的，A選項(xiàng)正好能表達(dá)此意思。故選A。 Ⅱ.七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。 (xx開(kāi)封市5月模擬) Pool Safety Tips for Kids On a hot summer day, there are few things that are more appealing than a nice cool pool. __1__ And it is pletely relaxing. Of course, if you have children, there are certain safety measures you should take, whether you have a pool in your backyard or are going to a public pool. Go swimming together. No person should ever swim alone. Though many people do, the simple truth is that it only takes a second to bee injured or drown. __2__ Having someone there with you can make the difference between life and death. This is especially true for young children. If your child is under the age of 5, you should never allow them to swim out of arms length. __3__ Kids love to chase one another through the water. But it is important that you emphasize to your children that at no time should they be running around the pool or pushing anyone. In the water, teach children not to jump on top of one another and to watch their surroundings, so that they do not accidentally knock into others, injuring them. Playing around in the pool is very interesting but dangerous. Keep it locked. If you own a pool, you must have a locking gate around your pool. __4__ Keep the gate locked at all times, even when you are physically in the pool. It is terrible for children to steal into the pool. Know the way out. __5__ Make sure that they know where all ladders are, and that you teach them to use them for entering and exiting the pool safely. Although your child may be able to lift herself or himself out of the pool using the side, that is not the safest way to go. A．Dont play around in the pool. B．Be sure to show all children the proper way to exit the pool. C．Swimming under water is forbidden in the pool. D．This is to prevent children from entering the pool without your permission. E．Slipping into the water seems like the perfect way to deal with the heat. F．Something sad happens every year. G．Make sure kids know food should be eaten either before or after swimming. 文章大意：本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹兒童在游泳池游泳時(shí)需要注意的安全規(guī)則。 1．E　根據(jù)題干和E中的關(guān)鍵詞：On a hot summer day，to deal with the heat等判斷答案。故選E。 2．F　根據(jù)題干和F中的關(guān)鍵詞：bee injured or drown，Something sad happens等判斷答案。故選F。 3．A　根據(jù)題干和A中的關(guān)鍵詞：running around the pool or pushing anyone，Dont play around等判斷答案。故選A。 4．D　根據(jù)題干和D中的關(guān)鍵詞：Keep the gate locked at all times, without your permission等判斷答案。故選D。 5．B　根據(jù)題干B中的關(guān)鍵詞：the proper way to exit the pool，Know the way out等判斷答案。故選B。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加，刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (xx山東濟(jì)南市5月針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練) My classmates and I take part in a wildness survival program from July 10th to July 13th this summer. Before we started, we given a pass, a map, a firstaid kit, tents, food, any clothes and so on. On the way we climbed three more hills and swam across two rivers. We lost our way in the forest. Lucky we found the right direction with a pass. As soon as they arrived at the campsite, we put up our tents, made a fire and then started cooking. We also learned what to give firstaid. Through the program, we learned to use knowledge gaining in class to solve problem. It was quite an unforgettable experience for me. 答案： My classmates and I part in a wildness survival program from July 10th to July 13th this summer. Before we started, we given a pass, a map, a firstaid kit, tents, food, clothes and so on. On the way we climbed three more hills and swam across two rivers. We lost our way in the forest. we found the right direction with pass. As soon as arrived at the campsite, we put up our tents, made a fire and then started cooking. We also learned to give firstaid. Through the program, we learned to use knowledge in class to solve . It was quite an unforgettable experience for me. 1．命題立意：考查時(shí)態(tài)。 解析：take→took　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故take→took。 2．命題立意：考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。 解析：we后加were　句子的主語(yǔ)we是give的動(dòng)作承受者，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故we后加were。 3．命題立意：考查形容詞。 解析：any→some　some一些，用在肯定句中；any一些，用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。故any→some。 4．命題立意：考查形容詞。 解析：hills前的more去掉　根據(jù)上下文只有三座小山，應(yīng)去掉more。故hills前的more去掉。 5．命題立意：考查副詞。 解析：Lucky→Luckily　根據(jù)下文可知此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故Lucky→Luckily。 6．命題立意：考查冠詞。 解析：a→the　根據(jù)前文提到pass應(yīng)用定冠詞the修飾。故a→the。 7．命題立意：考查代詞。 解析：they→we　根據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)we判斷。故they→we。 8．命題立意：考查疑問(wèn)詞與不定式連用。 解析：what→how　根據(jù)give后有賓語(yǔ)first aid，不定式中缺少方式狀語(yǔ)。故what→how。 9．命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 解析：gaining→gained　根據(jù)knowledge是gain的動(dòng)作承受者，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞修飾。故gaining→gained。 10．命題立意：考查名詞。 解析：problem→problems　根據(jù)problem前沒(méi)有限定詞，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不能單獨(dú)使用。故problem→problems。