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2019年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 Working the land課時(shí)作業(yè) 新人教版必修4 Ⅰ. 閱讀理解 (xx福州模擬) In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition(學(xué)會(huì))of each new skill in the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe(嚴(yán)格的)over time of ing home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the munity as much as the child’s own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that“example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(說(shuō)教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 【文章大意】本文談家長(zhǎng)如何教育孩子, 說(shuō)明了要“寬嚴(yán)相濟(jì)”, “身教”勝過(guò)“說(shuō)教”的道理。 1. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills　　　. A. should be avoided B. is universal among parents C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child D. will make the child lose interest in learning new things 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段開(kāi)頭In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill, 既然是每位父母都會(huì)這樣做, 那么這種做法在父母中就是普遍的, 故選B。 2. The second paragraph mainly tells us that　　　. A. parents should be strict with their children B. parental controls reflect only the values of the munity C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone D. it’s parents’ and society’s duty to control the children 【解析】選C。段落大意題。文章第二段的大意是: 父母對(duì)孩子的嚴(yán)格程度有很大的不同。 3. The word“precept”in Paragraph 3 probably means“　　　”. A. opinion　　　　　　　　 B. punishment C. behavior D. instruction 【解析】選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是: A. opinion(觀(guān)點(diǎn)); B. punishment(懲罰); C. behavior(行為); D. instruction(教導(dǎo), 源于instruct)。根據(jù)文章第三段第三、四句可以推測(cè), precept應(yīng)表達(dá)與example對(duì)立的意思, 且與preach是同義詞, 引語(yǔ)的意思是“榜樣比說(shuō)教更有力”, 故D為最佳選項(xiàng)。 4. In terms of moral matters, parents should　　　. A. follow the rules themselves B. be aware of the huge difference between adults and children C. forbid their children to follow book teachings D. always ensure the security of their children 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句, 再根據(jù)文章最后一段, 可以得出結(jié)論, 關(guān)于道德教育問(wèn)題, 父母應(yīng)該以身作則, 帶頭遵循, 故選A。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 (xx北京西城區(qū)模擬) I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early　1　of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to　2　my parents. At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with　3　at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to　4　! ”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time. At that age, I always did something　5　to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found　6　, I would plant a garden! I planted some lily(百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to　7　. I continued to plant sunflower seeds and roses. Wild　8　joy, I found the first rose bloom(開(kāi)花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off. 　9　, I was touched by this land of wonder. 　10　, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even　11　at me because he found it was　12　to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s　13　, I put my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds　14　flowers in her vase. Regardless of their　15　, I kept on planting my garden and　16　to enjoy the pleasure of gardening. Plants make such good panions: they breathe, they bloom, they　17　to care and love. It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to　18　my parents. Today I bee known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very　19　. And now I could say it is my affection for　20　that makes me a real gardener. 【文章大意】作者小時(shí)候出于反叛心理, 在院子里種花, 結(jié)果最終喜歡上了園藝。后來(lái)作者在這方面做出了成績(jī), 成為了一名真正的園藝師, 使當(dāng)初持反對(duì)意見(jiàn)的父母為之自豪。 1. A. memory　 B. dream　 C. intention　 D. design 【解析】選C。詞義辨析題。作者早期從事園藝的意圖并非源于對(duì)大自然的熱愛(ài)。C選項(xiàng)為“意圖, 打算”之意, 符合語(yǔ)境。 2. A. please B. change C. help D. annoy 【解析】選D。前后照應(yīng)題。根據(jù)下文可知, 作者從事園藝只是給父母添煩惱。D選項(xiàng)是“惹惱, 使生氣, 使煩惱”之意, 符合文意。 3. A. doubt B. appreciation C. surprise D. excitement 【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。根據(jù)下文可知, 作者的母親以懷疑的目光看著大自然的杰作。由此可知, A選項(xiàng)符合文意。 4. A. collect up B. care about C. clean up D. e in 【解析】選C。短語(yǔ)辨析題。既然在母親眼里這些金黃色的葉子是垃圾, 那么就需要有人將其打掃掉。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, C表示“清理, 打掃”, 符合文意。 5. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite 【解析】選D。固定搭配題。作者小時(shí)候有一種反叛的心理, 總是去做與父母意見(jiàn)相反的事。opposite to與……相反。 6. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting 【解析】選C。詞義辨析題。由于反叛心理, 作者想到如果園藝是父母感到煩惱的事, 就種植一個(gè)花園。在選項(xiàng)中, C選項(xiàng)表示“令人煩惱的”之意, 符合語(yǔ)境。 7. A. e up B. break out C. hold on D. get through 【解析】選A。短語(yǔ)辨析題。作者在院子里種了百合花種子, 但是沒(méi)有發(fā)芽。A表示“發(fā)芽, 走近”; B表示“爆發(fā), 發(fā)生”; C表示“不掛斷, 等一會(huì)”; D表示“接通, 完成”。 8. A. to B. with C. in D. by 【解析】選B。固定搭配題。作者高興地發(fā)現(xiàn)第一朵玫瑰花開(kāi)花了。with joy為常用短語(yǔ), 表示“高興地”之意, 符合語(yǔ)境。 9. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully C. Regularly D. Eventually 【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。朵朵鮮花競(jìng)相綻放, 最終, 作者被眼前的景象所感動(dòng)。由此可知, D選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 10. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Besides 【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。然而, 作者的父母對(duì)作者的花園不感興趣?？瞻滋幈硎镜氖且环N轉(zhuǎn)折的語(yǔ)氣, B選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 11. A. shouted B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped 【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。作者的父親甚至對(duì)作者大聲叫嚷。由此可知, A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 12. A. convenient B. troublesome C. enjoyable D. dangerous 【解析】選B。詞義辨析題。作者的父親覺(jué)得花擋住了車(chē)道, 令他煩惱。B選項(xiàng)有“令人煩惱的”之意, 符合文意。 13. A. sadness B. displeasure C. delight D. relief 【解析】選B。固定搭配題。作者把自己的真玫瑰花放進(jìn)母親的花瓶里, 使她感覺(jué)不愉快。to one’s displeasure為常用短語(yǔ), 而且意思符合語(yǔ)境。 14. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than 【解析】選C。短語(yǔ)辨析題。在作者母親的眼里, 那些只是雜草而不是鮮花。C選項(xiàng)是“而不是”之意, 符合文意。 15. A. dislike B. encouragement C. threat D. suggestion 【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。盡管作者的父母不喜歡作者的所作所為, 但是作者一直堅(jiān)持自己的做法。由此可知, A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 16. A. decided B. stopped C. continued D. struggled 【解析】選C。詞義辨析題。作者繼續(xù)享受園藝的快樂(lè)。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, C選項(xiàng)是“繼續(xù)”之意, 符合文意。 17. A. devote B. turn C. respond D. challenge 【解析】選C。固定搭配題。植物成為作者的好伙伴, 它們呼吸, 它們開(kāi)花, 它們對(duì)作者的呵護(hù)和愛(ài)有回應(yīng)。respond to為常用短語(yǔ), 是“對(duì)……反應(yīng)、響應(yīng)”之意。 18. A. defeat B. satisfy C. respect D. challenge 【解析】選D。詞義辨析題。根據(jù)上文, 由于反叛心理, 作者種植花園是出于挑戰(zhàn)父母。A表示“戰(zhàn)勝, 擊敗”; B表示“使?jié)M意, 使高興, 使?jié)M足”; C表示“尊敬, 敬重, 尊重”; D表示“向……挑戰(zhàn), 懷疑, 反對(duì)”。由此可知, D選項(xiàng)與文意相符。 19. A. proud B. fortable C. strange D. disappointed 【解析】選A。固定搭配題?，F(xiàn)在作者已經(jīng)成為一名著名的園藝師, 使其父母為之自豪。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, A選項(xiàng)的詞義符合文意。 20. A. freedom B. life C. growth D. nature 【解析】選D。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。作者認(rèn)為是自己對(duì)大自然的鐘愛(ài)使自己最終成為一名真正的園藝師。第一段就出現(xiàn)了nature。 Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法填空 　　閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 After graduation from college, I started to be a seller. Soon I discovered that the worried expression I　1　(wear)since childhood meant sure failure. I knew it wasn’t going to be easy to change that expression on my face left by so many years of　2　(hard). It called for a plete change in my view on life. Here is the method I tried. Each morning during a fifteen-minute bath, I determined to cultivate a big, happy smile. I found out, however, that it couldn’t be a　3　(force)smile developed just for the purpose of putting dollars in my pocket. It had to be　4　honest-to-goodness smile from down deep inside, an outward expression of happiness from within! Let’s see　5　starting off with a good fifteen-minute training of the smile muscles helped me during the day. 　6　entering an office I would think of many things I had to be thankful for, work up a big smile and then enter. Seldom did it fail　7　(get)the same smile　8　return from the person I met. I also found that it pleased people when I passed them on the street to give them a cheerful smile. Give every living soul you meet the best smile you have ever smiled in your life, 　9　see how much better you feel and look. It’s one of the best ways I know to stop worrying, and start living. When I began doing this, I found　10　more wele everywhere. 【文章大意】大學(xué)畢業(yè)后, 作者就做起了銷(xiāo)售的工作, 可是, 童年時(shí)就有的擔(dān)憂(yōu)的表情讓他屢屢失敗。于是, 作者苦練微笑的表情, 并取得了非常好的效果, 也意識(shí)到了微笑的力量。 1. 【解析】had been wearing?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。由since childhood可知, 該句要用完成進(jìn)行時(shí); 由主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞discovered可知, 應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 2. 【解析】hardship。考查名詞。介詞(of)后面要用名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。hardship意為“艱難、苦難”。 3. 【解析】forced?？疾樾稳菰~。修飾名詞(smile)要用形容詞。forced勉強(qiáng)的。 4. 【解析】an。考查冠詞。本句應(yīng)用冠詞修飾smile, 而honest是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞, 應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。 5. 【解析】how?？疾檫B詞。how引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句, 作see的賓語(yǔ), 并在從句中作help的方式狀語(yǔ)。 6. 【解析】Before?？疾榻樵~。由本句中的and then enter可知, 作者在進(jìn)入辦公室之前, 先想想應(yīng)該感謝的事情, 露出大大的笑容, 再進(jìn)入辦公室。 7. 【解析】to get?？疾椴欢ㄊ健ail后要用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。fail to do不能做某事。 8. 【解析】in?？疾榻樵~。in return作為回報(bào), 是固定搭配。 9. 【解析】and?？疾椴⒘羞B詞。上下文之間是并列關(guān)系, 故用and。 10. 【解析】myself?？疾榇~。主語(yǔ)是I, 用反身代詞myself作賓語(yǔ)。 【技法導(dǎo)練】多學(xué)一點(diǎn)　棋高一著 閱讀理解——如何做詞義猜測(cè)題? 　　詞義猜測(cè)題是通過(guò)詞匯、詞義、句子與具體語(yǔ)境相結(jié)合來(lái)考查學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)境、句意的準(zhǔn)確理解能力。常用方法有: ①在畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的上下文中找: 句子中有些詞其前或其后的文字中就有該詞(短語(yǔ)/句子)的定義或解釋, 可通過(guò)對(duì)其定義或解釋的理解推測(cè)出它的意義; ②根據(jù)定義、解釋或同位關(guān)系來(lái)猜測(cè)意義; ③根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)猜測(cè)生詞(短語(yǔ)/句子)的意義。 請(qǐng)根據(jù)本篇閱讀理解材料填空。 題　號(hào) 猜測(cè)方式 含　義 3 根據(jù)上下文推斷——上文中與其意義相對(duì)的詞是______, 下文中與其意義相近的詞是______ ______ 答案: 題　號(hào) 猜測(cè)方式 含　義 3 根據(jù)上下文推斷——上文中與其意義相對(duì)的詞是example, 下文中與其意義相近的詞是preach instruction(教導(dǎo))