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2019-2020年高考英語寫作最后沖刺 訓(xùn)練、點評和猜題 04（含解析） 閱讀下面短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 Zhang Siyu, 25, who works as an agent for a performance pany in Beijing, went on a cruise trip from Singapore to Malaysia in August. But the views from the ship’s deck didn’t provide much pleasure, as a group of Chinese people playing cards laughed loudly nearby. Most passengers were Westerners. “At that moment, as a Chinese I wished I could find a hole in the ground and hide,” she recounted. “I was in no mood to appreciate the view.” As more and more Chinese tourists travel abroad, some of their behavior is raising eyebrows. According to the latest xx LivingSocial survey, Chinese tourists were recently ranked second behind US citizens in a global poll of the worst travelers. According to experts, Chinese people lack access to information regarding the cultural customs of foreign countries, as well as international behavior guidelines. For instance, Chinese might not be aware of travel manners on certain transportation means such as airplanes, as evidenced by two recent fight incidents. Wang Jing, 30, an accounting professional in Hebei, travels extensively. He found that many Chinese do not tip waiters or luggage carriers in Europe. “It’s not because they don’t have any money,” he said. “They just don’t know that they should give a tip, or don’t know how much is appropriate.” [寫作內(nèi)容] 1.以約30詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。 2.以約120詞就“中國游客在外國的表現(xiàn)”發(fā)表你的看法。內(nèi)容包括： ①對于中國游客在全球最差游客榜單中位列第二，你有什么感想？ ②你認(rèn)為中國游客在外國的不妥表現(xiàn)是什么原因引起的？ ③你覺得應(yīng)該采取什么樣的措施來提高中國游客的國際地位？ [寫作要求] 1.在作文中可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。 [評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)] 概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。 【思路點撥】 任務(wù)型寫作要求考生閱讀一篇短文，然后完成兩項任務(wù)：使用約30個詞概括要點；使用約120個詞寫一篇符合要求的短文。這一題型旨在考查考生“用英語獲取信息、處理信息、傳達(dá)信息的能力，分析問題、解決問題的能力以及用英語進(jìn)行表達(dá)的能力”，即“綜合語言運(yùn)用能力”。因此，本篇寫作有下列重點需要考生認(rèn)真思考，加以解決： 1.概括短文內(nèi)容：瀏覽全文，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是：中國游客“緊隨”美國游客之后，在全球最差游客榜單中位列第二。原因是：中國游客在國外旅游時不得體的舉止行為加上不少中國游客對文明禮貌的重要性缺乏認(rèn)識； 2.對于中國游客在全球最差游客榜單中位列第二的感想：傷感和恥辱(要有一定的闡述)； 3.中國游客在外國的不妥表現(xiàn)是什么原因引起的(談主要的原因。根據(jù)原文提供的素材，比如：中外文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的不同等)； 4.應(yīng)該采取什么樣的措施來提高中國游客的國際地位(要靠船下槁圍繞上文說的主要原因來談 措施)。 【參考答案】 More and more Chinese travel abroad, but many have impropriate behaviors in foreign countries, and quiet a few Chinese tourists are ranked the second worst travelers in the world. Some experts think that’s because Chinese are unaware of the good manners. When I learn that Chinese tourists are ranked the second worst travelers, I am very sad. Chinese is regarded a country of courtesy, but Chinese tourists are so unpopular among foreigners. It is really a shame, and we should think it over to find out the reason. In my opinion, there are various reasons for this. Chinese people are unaware of the cultural customs of foreign countries may be the most important reason. What’s more, Chinese manners are greatly different from manners in western countries, and it is easy for Chinese tourists to ignore the host country’s manners. In order to solve this problem and improve our fame in social behaviors, I suggest that the government hold regular lectures on manners in foreign countries or publish handbooks about this matter. I believe that things will get better and better. 【范文評析】 1.范文在概括短文內(nèi)容時，沒有直接引用原文中的句子，符合題目設(shè)定的要求。第一話“More and more Chinese travel abroad, but many have impropriate behaviors in foreign countries, and quiet a few Chinese tourists are ranked the second worst travelers in the world.”比較長。該句由一個簡單句和兩個并列句組成，分別用“but”和“and”把三個句子連接起來，彰顯了語句的復(fù)雜性； 2.用時間狀語從句“When I learn that Chinese tourists are ranked the second worst travelers”引出我的感想。范文在闡述感想時沒有單單使用“I am very sad. It is really a shame”這樣干巴巴的句子去闡述，而是給予深化，賦予這些句子以內(nèi)涵：Chinese is regarded a country of courtesy(禮儀之邦), but Chinese tourists are so unpopular among foreigners(不受外國人的歡迎)、we should think it over to find out the reason(仔細(xì)考慮找出原因)。 3.用“In my opinion”承上啟下談“中國游客在外國的不妥表現(xiàn)的原因”。范文根據(jù)原文提供的素材就談了一個主要原因：中國游客沒有意識到中外文化習(xí)俗的不同。詞組“be unaware of”、關(guān)聯(lián)句“What’s more”和經(jīng)典句型“it is easy for Chinese tourists to ignore the host country’s manners(it is+adj. for sb. to do sth.)”的運(yùn)用使文章增強(qiáng)了可讀性和連貫性； 4.范文用動詞不定式短語作目的狀語“In order to solve this problem and improve our fame in social behaviors”引出了“應(yīng)該采取什么樣的措施來提高中國游客的國際地位”的話題。范文圍繞“中國游客沒有意識到中外文化習(xí)俗的不同”的原因提出了兩個措施“hold regular lectures on manners in foreign countries”“ publish handbooks about this matter”。最后范文還不忘用“I believe that things will get better and better”來升華文章的主題。 練習(xí)二 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，中國人出境旅游的現(xiàn)象在增加。但是，國人在境外的以下不文明行為也引起了多種議論，請針對以下不文明現(xiàn)象，寫一篇150字左右的文章。 國人在境外的不文明行為：隨處拋丟垃圾、廢棄物，隨地吐痰、擤鼻涕、吐口香糖；上廁所不沖水，不講衛(wèi)生留臟跡；乘坐公共交通工具時爭搶擁擠，購物、參觀時插隊加塞，排隊等候時跨越黃線；在教堂、寺廟等宗教場所嬉戲、玩笑，不尊重當(dāng)?shù)鼐用耧L(fēng)俗。 文章要求：1.簡述不文明行為及影響 2. 如何做一個文明游客為國家樹立形象（可結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷） 【思路點撥】 本篇書面表達(dá)看上去所給的要點比較多，咋一看，考生可能感到無從下手。其實看看題目中“文章要求(簡述不文明行為及影響)”后，對于題目第二段中的要點的處理就比較容易了。 1.交代話題的背景：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，中國人出境旅游的人數(shù)在增加；然后“簡述不文明行為”(舉上其中兩個考生認(rèn)為最拿手的例子說明問題就行，因為是要考生簡述)；接著重點要落在“(不文明行為)所造成的影響”上。如：給外國人留下不好的印象；有損我們國家的形象，給國家?guī)韷拿暤鹊龋? 2.這篇作文的重點內(nèi)容是“如何做一個文明游客為國家樹立形象”。要想用有限的字?jǐn)?shù)來把問題表達(dá)清楚也并非易事。所以，要想說到問題的焦點上，這就需要考生具備高度概括的能力并能熟練駕馭語言才能做得到。這個問題需要分成兩個方面來闡述(標(biāo)本兼治)：一方面是“如何阻止不文明行為的發(fā)生(治標(biāo)的問題)”；另一方面是“做一個文明游客為國家樹立形象(治本的問題)”。 【參考答案】 With the development of economy, more and more Chinese travel to foreign countries. Their uncivilized behaviors such as throwing litter everywhere and speaking loudly in public leave a bad impression on foreigners. All these uncivilized deeds do great harm to our nation’s image and give China a bad name. To prevent such behaviors, I think, maybe it is of use to blacklist those tourists and ban them from going travelling abroad. Besides, improving the moral quality of the whole nation and raising people’s cultural awareness are also important. As a mon visitor, how to create a positive image for our country? The most important way is to follow the old saying: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. In other words, you should respect the local customs and cultures. What’s more, always keep good manners in mind and treat people with courtesy, kicking off uncivilized behaviors. 2.用動詞不定式“To prevent such behaviors”作目的狀語，引出“如何阻止不文明行為的發(fā)生(治標(biāo)的問題)”。范文就用兩句話就把問題闡述清楚，實屬不易。“it is of use=it is useful”句型的運(yùn)用、高級詞匯“ban sb. from doing sth.”的使用以及“improving ...and raising...”兩個動名詞短語作主語，足見作者語言功底的深厚； 3.用一個省略句“As a mon visitor, how to create a positive image for our country=how can we create...?”引出“做一個文明游客為國家樹立形象(治本的問題)”。諺語“When in Rome, do as the Romans do(入鄉(xiāng)隨俗)”的使用，關(guān)聯(lián)句“What’s more”的使用以及詞組“keep...in mind”的使用為文章增色不少。 練習(xí)三 隨著中國人生活水平的提高，選擇到國外去旅行已成為中國人盛行的度假方式之一。但是，有些中國旅行者的不文明行為卻給廣大的中國人丟盡了臉，如亂丟垃圾、在景區(qū)亂寫亂畫、在公共場所大聲喧嘩、大聲接打手機(jī)、在飛機(jī)上大打出手等等。請以“Be a Civilized Chinese”為題目，寫一篇英語稿件，投給China Daily. 注意：詞數(shù)150左右。 開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Be a Civilized Chinese With the improvement of Chinese people’s living standard, __________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【思路點撥】 本篇書面表達(dá)屬于夾敘夾議類的文章。根據(jù)題目所給的提示信息說明中國旅行者不文明行為的嚴(yán)重性以及該采取哪些措施。寫作時注意以下幾點： 1.仔細(xì)閱讀有關(guān)提示，弄清楚題目所含有的所有信息，明確有哪些要點： ①隨著中國人生活水平的提高，選擇到國外去旅行已成為中國人盛行的度假方式之一； ②有些中國旅行者的不文明行為卻給廣大的中國人丟盡了臉； ③如亂丟垃圾、在景區(qū)亂寫亂畫、在公共場所大聲喧嘩、大聲接打手機(jī)、在飛機(jī)上大打出手等等； ④在話題范圍內(nèi)合理地進(jìn)行分析、想象和發(fā)揮：圍繞“做一個文明的中國人”的話題談自己的建議或看法。 2.謀篇布局，運(yùn)用三段式：第一段話題說背景；第二段列舉不文明現(xiàn)象(要夾敘夾議)；第三段談?wù)劷ㄗh或看法； 3.頭腦風(fēng)暴：搜索表達(dá)是所需要的詞匯：With the improvement of/ with the development of, choose to travel abroad, a way of spending their holidays, uncivilized behavior, makes Chinese ashamed, litter here and there/throw rubbish everywhere/ drop litter everywhere, scratch their names on the walls or other buildings/ carve their names on the trees or statues, talk loudly in public places, fight against sb.等等。 【參考答案】 Be a Civilized Chinese With the improvement of Chinese people’s living standard, more and more people choose to travel abroad as a way of spending their holidays. However, some tourists have uncivilized behavior when they are traveling abroad, which greatly makes all of us Chinese ashamed. For example, when they visit some world famous places of interest, they litter here and there. What’s worse, some even carve their names on the trees or statues. Besides, some tourists talk loudly in public places with each other or on their mobile-phones. Worst of all, some passengers on board even fight against each other or with the air-hostesses just because of some inconvenience. These actions show the low quality of some tourists. As far as I am concerned, it’s the duty of every Chinese to protect the environment and public facilities, no matter where we are traveling. Only in this way can we be civilized Chinese who will win respect from all over the world. 【范文評析】 本文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次分明，而且使用了多種句式和結(jié)構(gòu)。具體地說： 1.第一段用一個簡單句就把話題的背景說得清清楚楚。經(jīng)典句型“With the improvement of Chinese people’s living standard” 用with引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，突出句子重點，句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡和詞組“choose...as a way of spending their holidays”的運(yùn)用充分吸引了閱卷老師的眼球； 2.第二段用了很多關(guān)聯(lián)詞“However, For example, What’s worse, Besides, Worst of all”，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，邏輯明確；時間狀語從句“when they are traveling abroad, when they visit some world famous places of interest ”和非限制性定語從句“which greatly makes all of us Chinese ashamed.”的運(yùn)用使得文章錯落有致；本段最后一句是對上面所述現(xiàn)象的的議論“These actions show the low quality of some tourists(這些行為表明一些游客素質(zhì)的低下)”； 3.第三段用經(jīng)典句型“As far as I am concerned”引出自己的建議“protect the environment and public facilities(保護(hù)環(huán)境和公共設(shè)施)”。最后一句“Only in this way can we be civilized Chinese who will win respect from all over the world”倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)，變換句子樣式，使文章更吸引人。 猜 題 請根據(jù)你對圖片的理解用英語寫一篇短文。你的短文應(yīng)包含以下內(nèi)容： 1.描述圖片內(nèi)容，如情景、人物、動作，等等； 2.結(jié)合實際，談?wù)勀闵磉叺牟晃拿鳜F(xiàn)象； 3.舉例說明我們中學(xué)生如何養(yǎng)成文明習(xí)慣。 注意：1.可參照圖中文字及下面文章開頭所給提示，作必要的發(fā)揮想象。 2.詞數(shù) 150 左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。 3.作文中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。 With the development of economy, ethical(倫理) and moral education has been a hot topic nowadays. 【思路點撥】 題目要求非常明確，要考生完成三項任務(wù)： 1.描述圖片內(nèi)容，如情景、人物、動作，等等。這就要求考生仔細(xì)審圖，設(shè)想一個完整的畫面： 時間地點：一個暖和天，公園里 人物、動作：一個游客占據(jù)長凳睡著了，老太太和小孩沒有地方休息了。 2.結(jié)合實際，談?wù)勀闵磉叺牟晃拿鳜F(xiàn)象。由游客霸占長凳睡覺，我們自然聯(lián)想到：公共汽車上的占座；再根據(jù)常識列舉一些身邊的不文明行為，比如：公共場所大聲喧嘩、抽煙、亂扔垃圾、行人闖紅燈等等。 3.舉例說明我們中學(xué)生如何養(yǎng)成文明習(xí)慣(要根據(jù)自己的實際水平進(jìn)行力所能及的表達(dá))。 【參考答案】 With the development of economy, ethical and moral education has been a hot topic nowadays. As is vividly shown in the picture, on a warm day in the park the bench is occupied by one traveler who is so tired as to fall asleep, leaving no room for an old lady and a little child to relax. What the picture wants to tell us is that such behavior can be seen easily in our daily life. In the buses some young people dash to the seats intended for the old and the disabled. Besides, in public places, people are often seen talking loudly, smoking or littering without paying attention to others around. And also, many people put their lives at risk by crossing the streets, ignoring the traffic lights and passing cars. This kind of behavior damages the image of our city. From my point of view, we, the students, should lead the role in observing the Chinese virtue. We should learn from the good examples around us and resist the bad behaviors. Remember that whatever we do, we should put others’ interests before ours. Only in this way can we make our society a more harmonious one to live in. 【范文評析】 1.用經(jīng)典句型“As is vividly shown in the picture”引出對圖片的描述。詞匯“be occupied by, so...as to...”和現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語“l(fā)eaving no room for an old lady and a little child to relax”的使用不僅吸引人的眼球，而且使文章的結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊一氣呵成； 2. 用一個復(fù)合句“What the picture wants to tell us is that such behavior can be seen easily in our daily life”引出話題。本段最大的特點是運(yùn)用了被動語態(tài)和非謂語動詞。被動語態(tài)“can be seen，are often seen”和非謂語動詞“to tell us, intended for, the disabled, talking loudly, smoking or littering, without paying attention to, by crossing, ignoring, passing”等的使用，充分顯示了作者語法功底的深厚；本段最后一句“This kind of behavior damages the image of our city(這種行為有損我們城市的形象)”為文章增添了活力；