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2019年中考英語二輪：閱讀理解精編（5）含答案 所選閱讀理解，有的有解析，全部精選的2019年的練習題，包含教育類、保健與健康類、科普環(huán)保類等等，字體大小統(tǒng)一為五號，行距統(tǒng)一，排版非常工整。 Passage 1 （2019中考教育類選練） According to a recent study, there are about 70,000 blind children in Indonesia. Among them, 60 percent were not born blind. Iyehezkiel Parudani is one of them, who lost his eyesight by accident at age six. He now teaches English to blind students at the Pajajaran Special SchooL Iyehezkiel Parudani says learning English can help blind people feel better about themselves. "By learning English, they can be an English teacher, a translator, and a tour guide. " Students read using Braille (盲文). To write, they use special tools, too. Iyehezkiel Parudani says blind people should not let their physical disability influence their dreams. In xx , he got a chance to study at the University of Texas. Two years later, he got a masters degree in course development there. "In the US, if I go to the university to study, everything is available - like e-books, Braille books. Here in Indonesia, you know, it’s difficult to find a reference book in e-book or in Braille. We have to make it ourselves. In the US, I can move wherever I want because everything designed is really accessible for people with blindness. " Eha Lestari, one of his star students, says learning English has changed her life. She has already traveled to the US with the help of an Indonesia-U. S. program. "I study English because I love English very much. I want to be a translator because I want to go to the other countries and then I want to meet some people from around the world. " Like her classmates, Eha loves to sing. Here, music is part of daily life. Even the students who do not study English can sing some American pop songs, such as Stand By Me , "Stand by me. Please stand, stand by me. Stand by me.... " Iyehezkiel Parudani says the song has special meaning to the students. "In our life, we need other persons. You have to stand by me. Without you standing by me, Im meaningless. " 1. According to what Iyehezkiel says, learning English can help blind students to ______ . A. have more chances to get jobs B. visit English-speaking countries C. get a masters degree easily D. read Braille books quickly 2. The underlined word "accessible" in the third paragraph might mean ______ . A. fun to use B. easy to reach C. hard to break D. safe to choose 3. From the last two paragraphs, we can infer (推斷) that the students ______ . A. sang songs side by side B. achieved their dreams C. had a meaningless life D. needed help from others 4. The best title for the passage may be ______ . A. A Blind Girl Learning English B. Blind Children Singing Songs C. A Blind Man Teaching English D. Blind Teachers Living by Me 參考答案1A 2B 3D 4C Passage 2 （2019中考保健與健康類選練） Exercise not only improves your appearance, but also improves your health. Health experts (專家) advise people to choose physical activities that they find fun. So, what are some of the most popular forms (形式) of exercise in the USA? Walking tops the list. It is considered to be the　　way to get exercise. You can walk at any time and any place. Walking is also said to be the least harmful to the knees and feet. So, it’s a perfect choice for the old. Another popular form of exercise is jogging. In the 1970s, Bill Bowerman brought jogging to the USA. He did so after seeing the popularity of the activity during a trip to New Zealand in the 1960s. He started the first jogging club in America. He also helped found Nike. Swimming is also very popular. It was the second most popular sporting activity in America in xx. The top activity was walking. When one is swimming, the whole body is put to work. It is said that swimming is good for people with special needs, like pregnant(懷孕的)women. Dancing can also be a fun way to exercise. This is especially true for those who see exercise as something that they should do. A dance fitness programme called Zumba has grown in popularity in recent(最近的) years. It was created by Alberto Perez in Colombia in the 1990s. In 2001, he brought the programme to the USA. Since then, it has spread around the world. 1. Which of the following can be put in　　 in Paragraph 2? A. easiest B. most expensive C. most difficult D. coolest 2. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that______. A. swimming was not popular in xx B. swimming was more popular than walking in xx C. walking was the most popular form of exercise in xx D. it’s not good for pregnant women to go swimming 3. According to the last paragraph, we know that Zumba　　　. A. has a very long history B. is the name of a dance club C. was created in the USA D. became popular not long ago 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. The advantages of exercise. B. Some popular forms of exercise in the USA. C. The history of some forms of exercise. D. Advice on how to choose the best form of exercise. 參考答案1.A 2.C 3. D 4. B Passage 3 （2019中考科普環(huán)保類選練） Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving .Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls. Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programs come to US through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location. We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35，880 kilometers above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11，000 kilometers an hour—exactly the same speed that the earth rotates. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae facing the earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit，So there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position .This usually happens about every five or six days. Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired. Often，very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time. This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other. 1.Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage? A. Sending information for weather forecast. B. Taking photographs of the Earth. C. Sending TV pictures. D. Providing food for airplane pilots. 2.What’s the speed the earth rotates at? A.35,880 kilometers per hour. B.335,880 kilometers per hour. C.11,000 kilometers per hour. D.110,000 kilometers per hour 3.Why does the satellite move around the world at the same speed as the Earth rotates? A. In order to take photographs. B. In order to stay in a certain position in the orbit. C. In order to move away from its orbit. D. In order to send television pictures. 4.What does the underlined word “This” in the 3rd paragraph refer to? A. A satellite. B.A little rocket. C. A satellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky. D. The satellite puts the rockets in the right position. 5.Which is true of satellites? A. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years. B .Every time a satellite gets broken，it is brought back to the Earth to be repaired. C. A broken satellite is never left in space. D. They often crash into each other. 參考答案BDDBA Passage 4 （2019中考選練） Your computer has been playing music for years, one CD at a time. Now hundreds of songs can be stored in your PC if they re in the MP3 format (格式). What is it? MP3 compressed(壓縮) music into small computer files. You may download MP3 music several ways: Music can be downloaded from websites that have turned wide music libraries into MP3. Once MP3 music is on your PC’s hard drive, you can play it through your computers speakers, "burn" it onto blank CDs or swap(交換) MP3 files with friends using e -mail. How much? Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free. Compact portable MP3 players start at around $ 40 and can hold hundreds of songs. A blank CD on which you can record music costs about a dollar. Advantages MP3 turns your home PC into a jukebox(自動唱機) . Small MP3 players are the size of a deck of cards(一副牌), making it easy to take hundreds of songs with you. Disadvantages You may find that some websites only allow you to listen but you cant download music. Others let you download music but cant be copied to MP3 players. And a growing number of new CDs make it impossible to copy songs to a computer. 1. How can you get MP3 music? A. By turning your home PC into a jukebox. B. By taking your own music or songs with you. C. By copying songs to a PC through the speakers. D. By downloading from websites, which have turned music libraries into MP3. 2. What is the closest meaning of the underlined word "burn"? A. Copy. B. Play. C. Store. D. Change. 3. Which is NOT true according to the passage? A. MP3 music is often free. B. MP3 music can be "burned" onto blank CDs or be swapped with friends by e -mail. C. MP3 music can be taken along while traveling. D. A growing number of new CDs make it possible to copy songs to a computer. 4. How much will you pay for a compact portable MP3 player? A. Free. B. At least 10 dollars. C. About forty dollars. D. About a dollar. 5. How many disadvantages of MP3 can we see from the passage? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 參考答案CACAD Passage 5 （2019中考訓練題） People often think of the North Pole(北極) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰凍的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine. The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北極圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water(水道) called “l(fā)eads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 1．This passage is probably from ___________. A． a book review B． a science book C． a school report D． a computer magazine 2．According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago ? A． Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole. B． Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32F. C． The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse. D． The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures. 3．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese? A． 氣候惡劣的 B． 充滿危險的 C． 困難重重的 D． 無人居住的 4．The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is _____________. A． that the temperature suddenly drops B． that the water under the ice is frozen C． that the ocean water under the ice moves D． that the surface is covered with lots of ice 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? A． The thick ice in the North Pole. B． A difficult trip to the North Pole. C． The real situation in the North Pole. D． The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole. 【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇科普文，介紹了北極點的有關情況。首先指出北極和南極并不像人們想象的那么相像，接著從冰層厚、氣溫低等方面介紹惡劣的環(huán)境，然后插入了100多年前兩個人克服重重困難走到北極的故事，證明了北極的大部分地區(qū)無人居住。最后介紹了海水在冰下的運動常常會引起表面上許多不同的變化。 1．題意：這篇文章可能是從___________。考查綜合理解題。A. a book review一本書評；B. a science book一本科學書；C. a school report一則學術報告；D. a computer magazine一本計算機雜志。短文是一則科普文，根據它的體裁，應該摘自于科學書。故選B。 2．題意：根據這篇文章，大約100年前發(fā)生了什么？考查細節(jié)理解題。A. Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.兩個人成功地到達了北極點。根據About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties.可知，說法正確，可選。B. Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32F.北極點的溫度超過華氏32度。根據原文句子Temperatures seldom go above 32F ，可知溫度極少能超過華氏32度，故說法錯誤。C. The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.北極的環(huán)境突然變得更糟了，短文沒有提及，故說法錯誤。D. The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.北極由于氣溫變化變成厚厚的冰，根據However, this is not true in the Arctic.可知，說法錯誤。根據文意，可知選A。 3．題意：下劃線的“uninhabited”這個詞在漢語中是什么意思？考查詞義理解題。few一點，表否定意義。根據下文提示Few people can live in such a difficult place.，可知很少有人能生活在這樣困難的地方。故選D。 4．題意：冰塊斷做兩口水道的原因是___________?？疾榧毠?jié)理解題。A. that the temperature suddenly drops氣溫突然下降；B. that the water under the ice is frozen冰下的水結冰了；C. that the ocean water under the ice moves冰下的海水移動了；D. that the surface is covered with lots of ice表面覆蓋著很多冰。根據短文最后的內容The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “l(fā)eads”.，可知選C。 5．題意：這篇文章主要講的是什么？考查文意理解和綜合理解題。A. The thick ice in the North Pole. 北極點厚厚的冰；B. A difficult trip to the North Pole. 艱難的北極點之行；C. The real situation in the North Pole. 北極點的實際情況；D. The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole. 北極點和南極點之間的差異。本文的主要內容就是介紹北極點的有關情況。根據文意，可知選C。 點睛：對于閱讀理解題，首先要粗讀文章了解大意，其次通過細讀，理解全文。在粗讀的基礎上，仔細閱讀題后所給的題目，根據題目要求，再有重點地返回來仔細閱讀。在閱讀理解的題目中，所設問題主要有以下幾種方式：找主題或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具體事實和情節(jié)進行提問、根據文章的表層意思進行深層次的推理判斷等，在細讀時，要根據設問的方式，進行有側重地閱讀。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈現主題句。2)文尾出現主題句。3)首尾呼應展現主題。4)文中表述主題。前面提出問題，文中的主題由隨之陳述的細節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導出，而后再做進一步的解釋。5)文章沒有主題句。在這種情況下，考生要把所有的細節(jié)綜合起來。進行邏輯推理，概括歸納出文章的主題句。2.掌握文章的具體事實和重要情節(jié)。在考題中，經常會見到就文章中某一具體事實和重要情節(jié)進行測試的題目。例如，第4題，題意：冰塊斷做兩口水道的原因是___________。考查細節(jié)理解題。A. that the temperature suddenly drops氣溫突然下降；B. that the water under the ice is frozen冰下的水結冰了；C. that the ocean water under the ice moves冰下的海水移動了；D. that the surface is covered with lots of ice表面覆蓋著很多冰。根據短文最后的內容The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “l(fā)eads”.，可知選C。這就要求考生在閱讀時要注意辨認和記憶具體事實，重要情節(jié)，事物的起因、過程、結果及發(fā)生的地點、時間等，這些都有可能作為測試點。還有一些測試題，要求考生在理解的基礎上，通過自己的思維將理解的內容系統(tǒng)化，比如計算、排序等題型。