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1、 Unit 4 Body language Section 2 Learning about Language Ⅰ.單項語法填空 1.He sat on a chair under the shade of the tree，__reading__(read) a novel. 解析：句意：他坐在樹蔭下的椅子上看小說。句子的主語he與read之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。 2.The boys and girls are walking along the street，each __wearing__ (wear) a small yellow cap. 解析：eac

2、h wearing相當(dāng)于分詞作伴隨狀語，意思等同于and they each wear a small yellow cap。 3.When I reached home，my husband was lying on the floor，__entertaining__(entertain) the kids with toys. 解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)我回到家時，丈夫正躺在地板上，用玩具逗孩子玩呢。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表伴隨。my husband與entertain是主動關(guān)系。 4.C is the largest English site in China，__providing

3、__(provide) news，business information and learning materials. 解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：“中國日報網(wǎng)”是中國最大的英語網(wǎng)站，提供新聞、商業(yè)信息和學(xué)習(xí)材料。 5.China became the 143rd member of the WTO on December 11,2001，thus __realizing__(realize) its 15－year wish to join the global trade body. 解析：句意：中國于2001年l 2月11日成為世貿(mào)組織的第143個成員國，實現(xiàn)了其15年以來加入

4、全球性貿(mào)易組織的夢想。realizing在此為動詞－ing形式作結(jié)果狀語。 6.Do you know who is the patient__being operated__(operate) on now？ 解析：考查非謂語動詞。the patient與operate之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。另外，從now一詞可知動作正在進行，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)，表“……正在被……”。 7.__ Having completed__(complete)the project on time，the staff are having a party to have a celebration. 解

5、析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：已經(jīng)按時完成工程，全體員工正在舉行宴會慶祝。完成工程發(fā)生在慶祝會之前，完成與主語為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。 8.__ Having failed__(fail)to reach them on the phone，we sent anemail instead. 解析：考查非謂語動詞的用法?！癬_ to reach them on the phone”在句中作狀語，邏輯主語we與fail之間為主動關(guān)系，先是沒用電話聯(lián)系上，我們才發(fā)的郵件，fail發(fā)生在send之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。句意為“由于沒用電話聯(lián)系上他們，我們給他們發(fā)了電子郵件”。 9._

6、_ Coming__(come)from a mountain village，he couldnt afford a house in Shanghai. 解析：“__ from a mountain village”在題目中作原因狀語，come與邏輯主語he之間是主動關(guān)系。故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。句意為“因為來自于一個小山村，他在上海買不起房子”。 10.(2014福建，27改編)__ Having spent__(spend)the past yearas an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears moremature than tho

7、se of her age. 解析：考查非謂語動詞作狀語。分詞的完成形式，表示發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前的動作。句意為：去年作為一名交換生在香港大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了一年之后，琳達看起來要比那些同齡的孩子更加成熟。 Ⅱ.將下列各句中的－ing形式轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的從句形式(定語從句、狀語從句或并列句) 1.All those standing at the back，please come and sit here. __All those who are standing at the back， please come and sit here.__ 2.The poor of the city，ha

8、ving lived such a hard life，fought against the rich in the end. __The poor of the city， who had lived such a hard life， fought against the rich in the end.__ 3.Who was the man shaking hands with our English teacher just now？ __ Who was the man that shook hands with our English teacher just now？__

9、 4.Tom left home quite early，hoping that he could catch the first bus. __Tom left home quite early and hoped that he could catch the first bus.__ 5. After lunch，she sat in the sun，with the dog sleepingbeside her. __After lunch， she sat in the sun and the dog slept beside her.__ 6.Not knowing wh

10、at to do，we asked Mr.Smith for some advice. __ Because we didnt know what to do， we asked Mr.Smith for some advice.__ 7.Arriving at the station，he found the train had left. __When he arrived at the station， he found the train had left.__ 8.Turning to the left at the crossing，you will find the sh

11、op you are looking for. __Turn to the left at the crossing and you will find the shop you are looking for.__ 9.We hope the new machine will work faster，thus reducing our costs. __We hope the new machine will work faster and it will thus reduce our costs.__ 10. Having been told many times，he stil

12、l couldnt understand it. __Although he had been told many times， he still couldntunderstand it.__ Ⅲ.完形填空 Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！ It speaks1.__B__than words.According to specialists，our bodies send out more 2.__D__ than werealize.In fact，non－verbal(非言語)

13、 communication takes up about 50% of what we really 3.__D__.And body language is particularly4.__C__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures.Indeed，what is called body language is so5.__C__a part of us that its actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.6.__A__，dif

14、ferent societies treat the7.__B__between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having8.__C__ contact (接觸) even with friends，and certainly not with9.__A__.People from Latin American countries，10.__B__，toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore，its possible that in11.__B__，it may look like

15、a Latino is12.__D__ a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving 13.__A__.The Norwegian，very probably seeing this as pushiness，will keep14.__C__—which the Latino will in return regard as15.__D__when people 16.__A__.And onlyapartof it isinthewords themselves.

16、Andwhenpartiesarefrom 17.__A__cultures，theres a strong possibility of18.__C__.But whatever the situation，the best19.__D__is to obey the Golden Rule： Treat others as you would like to be 20.__B__. 1.A．straighter B．louder C．harder D．further 解析：邏輯推理題。由首句“肢體語言是所有語言中沉默、秘密而又最有威力的語言！”可知，本句應(yīng)表示“肢體語言比語言更有說

17、服力，”所以選louder。 2.A．sounds B．invitations C．feelings D．messages 解析：詞語辨析題。我們的肢體發(fā)出多于我們意識到的信息。身體發(fā)出的是message“信息”，而不是sound。sound泛指自然界的一切聲音；invitation邀請；feeling感情，感受。 3.A．hope B．receive C．discover D．mean 解析：詞語辨析題。事實上，非言語交際占據(jù)了我們真正想表達的大約50%。mean意味著，打算。 4.A．immediate B．misleading C．important D．diffi

18、cult 解析：詞語辨析題。根據(jù)下文論述，當(dāng)涉及跨文化交流時，肢體語言尤為重要，故選important“重要的”。immediate“立刻的”，表示動作的直接性和迅速性；misleading“誤導(dǎo)的”；difficult“困難的”。 5.A．well B．far C．much D．long 解析：邏輯推理題。肢體語言幾乎已經(jīng)成為我們的組成部分，以致常常被忽視。此處實際上是對“so much a(n)＋名詞”的用法的考查。四個選項中有此用法的只有much。 6.A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short 解析：邏輯推理題。下文是舉例，故選F

19、or example“例如”。thus因此；however然而；in short簡而言之。 7.A．trade B．distance C．connections D．greetings 解析：邏輯推理題。不同的社會對人們之間的距離有不同的認(rèn)識?？崭窈竺娴谋睔W人和拉丁美洲人等的例子都與distance“距離”有關(guān)。 8.A．eye B．verbal C．bodily D．telephone 解析：邏輯推理題。北歐人通常不喜歡肢體的接觸，故選bodily“身體的”，下文的touch each other是提示。 9.A．strangers B．relatives C．neigh

20、bours D．enemies 解析：邏輯推理題。北歐人甚至不喜歡和朋友有肢體上的接觸，更不用說和陌生人了。enemy雖然與friend相對，但此處是說不同國度文化的差異，并不是敵我的分歧。 10.A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 解析：詞語辨析題。由上文可知，此處表示語意上的轉(zhuǎn)折，故選on the other hand“另一方面”，in other words“換句話說”；in a similar way“用相似的方法”；by all means“當(dāng)然可以?！? 11.A

21、．trouble B．conversation C．silence D．experiment 解析：詞語辨析題。trouble麻煩；conversation談話，交談；silence寂靜，沉默；experiment實驗。in conversation在交談中，在會話中。 12.A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 解析：詞語辨析題。在交談中，北歐人不喜歡肢體接觸，拉丁美洲人喜歡肢體接觸，所以我們看到的很可能是一個拉丁美洲人跟隨一個挪威人在房間里移動，故選following“跟隨”。 13.A．closer B．faster

22、C．harder D．slower 解析：邏輯推理題。拉丁美洲人喜歡肢體接觸，為了表示友好，會離挪威人越來越近，故選closer。 14.A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 解析：詞語辨析題。挪威人不喜歡肢體接觸，會一直向后退，故選backing away后退。step forward前進；go on繼續(xù)；come out出版，發(fā)芽。 15.A．weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness 解析：詞語辨析題。挪威人的后退反過來會讓拉丁美洲人覺得

23、是冷漠。weakness虛弱；carelessness粗心；friendliness友善；coldness冷漠。 16.A．talk B．travel C．laugh D．think 解析：邏輯推理題。選項中的talk(交談)與上文的conversation相呼應(yīng)，且文章主要講述交談中的body language。 17.A．different B．traditional C．a(chǎn)ttractive D．rich 解析：邏輯推理題。different不同的；traditional傳統(tǒng)的；attractive有吸引力的；rich富有的。different cultures不同的文化

24、。 18.A．curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness 解析：來自不同文化的人聚會時，極有可能會出現(xiàn)誤解，故選misunderstanding“誤會，誤解”。curiosity好奇心；excitement興奮；nervousness緊張。 19.A．chance B．time C．result D．a(chǎn)dvice 解析：詞語辨析題。此處是對避免誤解而提出的建議，故選advice“建議”。chance機會；time時間，次數(shù)，倍數(shù)；result結(jié)果。 20.A．noticed B．treated C．res

25、pected D．pleased 解析：詞語辨析題。你希望怎樣被對待，那你就怎樣對待別人。B選項與前面的Treat others相呼應(yīng)，一個是主動形式，一個是被動形式(to be treated)。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 (2018湖北襄陽四中高一下學(xué)期月考試題) If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Havent you noticed that you have become smarter since you start

26、ed to learn a language？ According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey mater.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that

27、exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr.Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of bilinguals who had learnt a second la

28、nguage before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey mater density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second lan

29、guage，” said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales，has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexib

30、le，” he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.” The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty－four.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all t

31、ested.The results showed that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists. 文章大意：這是一篇說明文。本文告訴我們，語言可以幫助提高大腦能力。早期學(xué)習(xí)第二語言可以讓你在學(xué)習(xí)其他科目方面有很大的幫助。 1.The main subject talked about in this passage is__C__. A．science o

32、n learning a second language B．mans ability of learning a second language C．that language can help brain power D．language learning and maths study 解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主

33、要講述語言可以幫助提高大腦能力。故選C項。 2.A bilingual means a person who__C__. A．researches language learning B．can only speak English C．can speak two languages D．learned a second language at an early age 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中A team led by Dr.Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who

34、only spoke English.They were compared with a group of bilinguals who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.可推知，bilinguals指的是能說兩種語言的人。故C項正確。 3.We may know from the scientific findings that__A__. A．whether you learn a foreign language does make a d

35、ifference in your grey matter density B．there is no difference between a second language learner and one who doesnt know a second language C．the experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on peoples brain D．the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time 解析：推理判斷

36、題。根據(jù)第四段Scans showed that grey mater density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.可知，我們可以從科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)中知道學(xué)習(xí)一門外語確實會對你的智力產(chǎn)生影響，因為大腦中負(fù)責(zé)處理信息的灰質(zhì)部分密度增大了。故A項正確。 4.In the last two paragraphs，the author wants to tell us that__B__. A．learning a second language is the sam

37、e as studying maths B．early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjects C．Italian is the best choice for you as a second language D．youd better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句“Having two languages gives you two

38、windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”和最后一段The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and t

39、hirty－four.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”可知，在最后兩段，作者想告訴我們，早期學(xué)習(xí)第二語言，可以讓大腦更靈活，對不同的想法有了更好的理解，這可以幫助你在學(xué)習(xí)其他科目方面有很大的幫助。故B項正確。 Ⅴ.語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容

40、(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 As an old English saying1.__goes__(go)，“Honesty is the best policy.” It is not an old clich(陳詞濫調(diào))，but a good way to live your life. Firstly，being honesty is the 2.__easiest__ (easy) choice that we can make.When people get caught in lies，it always costs them something.Many relati

41、onships are destroyed by lies. Secondly，honesty gives us much3.__freedom__(free).Many people believe that being honest limits them in life，but that is not true.Sooner or later those dishonest people 4.__will pay__(pay) a price for their acts； on the contrary，when we are honest，we are5.__truly__ (tr

42、ue) free. If there were two people 6.__standing__(stand) before you，a person with a record of being honest and a person who is known to be 7.__dishonest__(honest)，who would you be more likely 8.__to believe__ (believe)？Im sure most people would side with the honest person.9.__Either__ we live in th

43、e truth or we live in lies.Truth sets us free and lies leave us nothing but more troubles.Honesty is a choice that we make each day.The choice is 10.__yours__ (you).What will you choose ？ 文章大意：通過閱讀，完成詞匯在特定語境下的正確運用。詞語形式的變化要考慮它們在句子中所做的成分和固定搭配等。 1.解析：本句和其他的句子的時態(tài)一致。后面的句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以這里也應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是an old

44、English saying，相當(dāng)于it，所以謂語用goes。 2.解析：句意：誠實是我們做的最容易的選擇，用最高級形式：easiest。 3.解析：句意：誠實給了我們很多的自由。用名詞形式freedom。 4.解析：句意：那些不誠實的人會為他們的行為付出代價，所以用將來時：will pay。 5.解析：句意：當(dāng)我們誠實時，我們才是真自由，用副詞truly修飾形容詞free。 6.解析：句意：當(dāng)有兩個人站在你的面前時，這里用動詞的－ing形式做定語。 7.解析：句意：當(dāng)一個誠實的人和一個不誠實的人站在你面前時，honest 的反義詞是dishonest。 8.解析：句意：你會相信誰？be likely to do 很可能做某事。 9.解析：句意：我們要么生活在真實中要么生活在謊言中。固定搭配：Either...or ：要么……要么……。Either位于句首，所以要大寫開頭字母。 10.解析：句意：這個選擇是你的。一個用名詞性物主代詞yours做表語。 我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展進入新常態(tài)，需要轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，改變粗放式增長模式，不斷優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，推進新型城鎮(zhèn)化，推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化因：我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展還面臨區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、城鎮(zhèn)化水平不高、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡不協(xié)調(diào)等現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn)。