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第11講八年級(jí)(下)Units3—4,unfair,swept,threw,thrown,lent,borrow,development,developing,developed,fairness,illness,dropped,relationship,communication,argument,cloudy,properly,second,secondly,unusual,explained,explanation,clearly,competition,typically,quickly,dependon,takeout,dothedishes,sweepthefloor,makethebed,allthetime,assoonas,inorder,awasteof,takecareof,atleast,dochores,hangout,throwdown,insurprise,workout,asaresult,fallill,toomany/much,begoodat,beangrywith,lookthrough,bigdeal,saysorry,getonwith,communicatewith,beafraidof,cutout,in,opinion,turndown,infrontof,cameover,as,as,neitherdid,do,part,Asaresult,Theearlier,thebetter,fightwith,noneed,todo,sothat,with,trust,anymore,competewith,comparing,?compare【精析拓展】compare此處作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“比較”，compare...with...“把……與……作比較”，常用于同類比較。而compare...to...“把……比作……”，常用于異類比較、比喻。,【典例在線】Ifyoucomparethetwobooks，youwillseethatthisoneisbetter.如果你比較一下這兩本書，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這一本更好。Compareyouranswerswiththose，youwillseeiftheyareright.把你的答案與那些對(duì)照一下，你就會(huì)知道它們是否正確了。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亞把世界比作舞臺(tái)。,【活學(xué)活用】1)—Ifyoualways________yourselfwithothers，youmayhavetonsofpressure.(2016，宜昌)—Iagree.Weshouldbelieveinourselves.A．compareB．communicateC．createD．consider,A,?inorderto【精析拓展】inordertodo意為“目的是；為了”，比單純的todo更強(qiáng)調(diào)“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式為inordernottodo?！镜淅诰€】Inordertogetacompletepicture，furtherinformationisneeded.為了掌握全面情況，還需要詳細(xì)資料。【活學(xué)活用】2)ManypeoplegivemoneytoProjectHope________helpthepoorchildrentogotoschool.A．a(chǎn)ssoonasB．eventhoughC．sothatD．inorderto,D,?while【精析拓展】while作從屬連詞，意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；在……期間”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其謂語動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的過程中發(fā)生，或者主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且持續(xù)時(shí)間一般較長(zhǎng)。當(dāng)while所引導(dǎo)的從句與主句的主語相同，且該從句的動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以省略。,【典例在線】Iwastakingabathwhilemymotherwaspreparingdinner.我媽媽準(zhǔn)備晚餐的時(shí)候，我正在洗澡。TomwaswatchingTVwhile(hewas)eating.湯姆邊吃邊看電視。,【活學(xué)活用】3)—Todaysyoungpeoplecantlivewithoutsmartphones.—Theykeeptheirhandsonthephoneswherevertheygo，evenwhilethey________meals.(2016，咸寧)A．haveB．a(chǎn)rehavingC．werehavingD．willhave4)Bobtookaphotoofhisgirlfriendwhileshe________attheparty.(2015，資陽)A．dancesB．wasdancingC．hasdancedD．isdancing,B,B,?mind【精析拓展】mind動(dòng)詞，意為“介意；在乎”，后常接從句或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。Wouldyoumind...？是交際用語中表示“請(qǐng)求”的常用句型，意為“你介意……嗎？”其肯定回答(即不介意對(duì)方做某事)常用：Notatall./Certainlynot./Ofcoursenot.等。否定回答(即介意對(duì)方做某事)常用：Imsorry，but.../Imafraidyoucant./Yes，youdbetternot.等。,【典例在線】DoyoumindifIopenthewindow？我打開窗戶，你會(huì)介意嗎？—Wouldyoumindparkingyourcarthere？你介意把車子停到那邊嗎？—Notatall.不介意。,【活學(xué)活用】5)—Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindows?—________.Itssohotintheroom.(2016，龍東)A．OfcoursenotB．CertainlyC．Betternot6)—Janes，wouldyoumindifIuseyourdictionary?—________.(2016，齊齊哈爾)A．Yes，pleaseB．No，youdbetternotC．Ofcoursenot，goahead,A,C,?allow【精析拓展】allow動(dòng)詞，意為“允許；準(zhǔn)許”。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事,【典例在線】Whoallowedyoutoleavethecamp？誰允許你離開營(yíng)地的？Theyallowedsmokinginthisroomonly.他們只允許在這個(gè)房間里抽煙。Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.這里不允許吸煙。,【活學(xué)活用】7)Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnot________todrive.(2016，懷化)A．a(chǎn)llowingB．beallowedC．a(chǎn)llow8)Myparentsdontallowme________late.(2016，南充)A．stayupB．tostayupC．staysupD．stayingup,B,B,?assoonas【精析拓展】assoonas意為“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。在使用時(shí)，要注意主、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)或過去時(shí)時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用對(duì)應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)?！镜淅诰€】Thebabybegantocryassoonasshesawhermother.那個(gè)嬰兒一看見她媽媽就開始哭。Wellgotoplaybasketballassoonastherainstopstomorrow.明天雨一停我們就出去打籃球。,【活學(xué)活用】9)—Didyoucatchtheearlybusthismorning?—Yes.Thebusstartedtomove________Igotonit.(2016，襄陽)A．thoughB．beforeC．a(chǎn)ssoonasD．a(chǎn)sif,C,?Foroneweek，shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI．一個(gè)星期以來，她沒做任何家務(wù)，我也沒做。【精析拓展】neither作副詞，意為“也不”。NeitherdidI．是一個(gè)倒裝句?！皀either＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＋主語”，表示前面敘述的否定情況也適合另一個(gè)人或物?！癝o＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＋主語”表示與上述肯定情況相同。“So＋主語＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，即對(duì)前面所說的情況加以肯定。,【典例在線】Shedoesntliketea.NeitherdoI．她不喜歡茶，我也不喜歡。Shecannotswimandneithercanhersister.她不會(huì)游泳，她的妹妹也不會(huì)。—Theywillplaysoccertomorrow.他們明天去踢足球?！猄owillwe.我們也去踢。—SheknowslittleEnglish.她英語懂得不多?！猄oshedoes.她的確如此。,【活學(xué)活用】1)—Ilikevegetablesandfruit.(2015，廣元)—________.InfactIeataloteveryday.A．SodoIB．SoamIC．SoIdo2)Idontknowifyou________toMaryspartynextSunday.Ifyougo，________.A．go；sowillIB．willgo；sowillIC．willgo；sodoID．go；sodoI,A,B,?Whydontyoutalktoyourparents？你為什么不和你的父母交談呢？【精析拓展】Whydontyoudosth.？＝Whynotdosth.？是提建議的一種表達(dá)方式。類似的表達(dá)方式還有：What/Howaboutdoingsth.?Shallwedosth.?Letsdosth..Youdbetterdosth..其肯定答語為“Goodidea！/OK./Wonderful！/Great！/Soundsgood！”等；其否定答語為“Sorry，but...”等。,【典例在線】Whydontyoubuyasuitforyourhusband？你為什么不給你丈夫買一套西服呢？WhydontyoulearnsomeChinesepopsongs？你為什么不學(xué)一些中國(guó)的流行歌曲呢？,【活學(xué)活用】3)—WhatshouldIgetmymomforherbirthday?—Why________getherascarf?A．dontyouB．doyouC．notyouD．dont4)—Couldyoutellmesomeinformationaboutthehotelsinyourcity?—Whynot________ontheInternet？(2016，鄂州)A．lookforitB．tolookforitC．lookitupD．tolookitup,A,C,【典例在線】IborrowedabookfromJackyesterday.昨天我從杰克那里借了一本書。Jacklentmeabookyesterday./Jacklentabooktomeyesterday.昨天杰克借給我一本書。HowlongcanIkeepthebook？這本書我可以借用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？,【活學(xué)活用】1)—Jim，canI________yourcar?—Sorry，I________ittoStevenjustnow.—Howlongwillhe________it?—Twodays.2)—Howlong________you________LittleWomen?—Iamduetoreturnitintwohours.(2016，玉林)A．have；borrowedB．will；lendC．will；keepD．have；got,borrow,lent,keep,C,【典例在線】Theyprovidedthechildrenwithgoodfoodandclothing.他們給孩子們提供了好的衣服和食物。Themanageroffersajobtomeinhiscompany.那個(gè)經(jīng)理在他的公司里給我提供了一份工作?！净顚W(xué)活用】3)Thatcompany________(提供)uswith3，000dollarsin2016.4)Somepeoplethinkitstheparentsjobto________theirchildren________acleanandcomfortableenvironmentathome.(2016，玉林)A．offer；toB．offer；withC．provide；withD．provide；to,provided,C,【注意】insteadof后常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式；ratherthan后常接動(dòng)詞原形?！镜淅诰€】LastsummerIwenttoQingdao.ThissummerImgoingtoDalianinstead.去年夏天我去了青島。今年夏天我將改去大連。Weshoulddosomethinginsteadofjusttalkingaboutit.＝Weshoulddosomethingratherthanjusttalkaboutit.我們不應(yīng)該只是談?wù)?，而是?yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么。,【活學(xué)活用】5)Ifyourebusy，youmaycomeanotherday___________.6)Hewouldplaycomputergames___________dohishomework.7)Youshouldtryyourbesttofinishit______________givingup.,instead,ratherthan,insteadof,一、根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列單詞。1．Ithinkdoingchoreshelpstod________childrensindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.2．Theboyd________hiscuponthefloorandbrokeit.3．Icantunderstandwhatyousaid.Canyoue________ittome?4．________(無論什么)yousay，Iwontbelieveyouanymore.5．Myparentsalways________(爭(zhēng)論)athome.WhatshouldIdo?,argue,evelop,ropped,xplain,Whatever,二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。6．請(qǐng)一到家就給我打電話。Pleasecallme________________________yougethome.7．我們吃蔬菜越多，我們就越健康。________________vegetablesweeat，________________wewillbe.8．許多父母總是喜歡拿自己的孩子與別人的孩子相比較。Manyparentsalwayslike________theirownchildren________otherschildren.9．露茜與她的同學(xué)相處得很好。Lucyis_______________well________herclassmates.10．彼得沒有完成作業(yè)，我也沒有。Peterhasntfinishedhishomeworkand________________________.,haveI,assoonas,Themore,the,healthier,comparing,with,gettingon/along,with,neither,三、單項(xiàng)選擇。11．—MayI________theEnglishdictionary?—Yes.Youcan________itfortwoweeks.A．borrow；lendB．borrow；borrowC．borrow；keepD．lend；keep12．—________buyascarf?—Goodidea!A．WhydontB．WhynotC．WhataboutD．Wouldyoulike,C,B,13．We________tosmokeinpublic.A．dontallowB．a(chǎn)rentallowedC．willallowD．wontallow14．Wevegotnocoffee.Letshavetea________.A．eitherB．howeverC．yetD．instead15．ThemovieissointerestingthatIdont________seeingitagaintomorrow.A．enjoyB．mindC．keepD．finish,B,D,B,制定計(jì)劃與安排通過對(duì)近幾年來中考話題的分析可發(fā)現(xiàn)，該話題已逐步由原來的“制定”轉(zhuǎn)向?yàn)椤罢{(diào)整”。①制定計(jì)劃。如介紹自己的周末計(jì)劃(2015，河北)；制定高中的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃(2015，黃石)；制定度假計(jì)劃(2016，蘭州)(2016，張家界)(2016，十堰)(2016，淄博)等。②調(diào)整計(jì)劃與安排。如：對(duì)“英語節(jié)”安排表的調(diào)整(2016，杭州)；對(duì)旅游方案的調(diào)整(2016，溫州)等。,【常用句式】開頭句：Herearemyplansforthelongexcitingholidays.Summervacationiscoming.MyfriendTonyandIhaveoursummerplans.Therearedifferentkindsofactivitiesforustotakepartin.Imafraidwellhavetomakesomechanges.,中間句：Tomhopestoputupthingsaroundschooltotellstudentsaboutprotectingtheanimals.Whatsmore，wehadbetterreviewwhatwehavelearnedinmiddleschool.Ourclassdecidetomakeplanstohelpsickchildreninthehospital.Wethinktakingabustherewillbeamuchbetterchoice.Wewillraisemoneyforthehomelesspeople.Illtakepossiblechancestobeavolunteertodosomethinghelpfultopeople.,結(jié)尾句：Inshort，Imlookingforwardtospendingahappysummerholiday.Aboveall，Ihopeallofuscanhaveapleasantvacation.Pleasecomeandjoinusontime.,【真題剖析】(2016，溫州)假如你是Lingling，學(xué)校根據(jù)下表中新西蘭來溫暑期交流師生的意愿，決定安排他們?nèi)?00公里外的許村游玩一天。但自行車來回路程需要8～9小時(shí)，權(quán)衡利弊，需調(diào)整這項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)你發(fā)郵件給對(duì)方帶隊(duì)老師Mr.Black做好說明、溝通工作。,要求：(1)文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息；(2)文本長(zhǎng)度：110詞左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出(不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。,DearMr.Black，ImLingling.Myschoolaskedustomaketheone-daytourplanforyouandwetriedtomakeitbesttoyourpreferences，butImafraidwellhavetomakesomechanges._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishes，Lingling,【審題指導(dǎo)】本篇書面表達(dá)要求考生寫一封郵件，介紹一日游的活動(dòng)安排及調(diào)整事項(xiàng)。寫作時(shí)，人稱應(yīng)以第一人稱為主，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)以一般將來時(shí)為主。郵件的內(nèi)容需要涵蓋此次旅行的活動(dòng)安排、地點(diǎn)、交通工具和其他相關(guān)信息，并確保語言得體，行文連貫，思路清晰。,DearMr.Black，ImLingling.Myschoolaskedustomaketheone-daytourplanforyouandwetriedtomakeitbesttoyourpreferences，butImafraidwellhavetomakesomechanges.WellvisitamountainvillagecalledXucun，whichisveryfamousforitsoldhouses，fantasticsightsanddeliciousfood.Imsureyouwilllikeit.However，itwilltakeusabout8to9hourstogoandcomebackbybike.Evenifwesetoutat7：00a．m.，wellgetthereatabout11：30a．m.Goingaroundthebeautiful，culturalplaces，includingsomeoldhousesallwithahistoryofover500years，willtakeusatleast2to3hours.Havinglunch(localfoodanddrinks)takesanotherhour.Whatsmore，itsveryhotthereinsummer.Sowethinktakingabustherewillbeamuchbetterchoice.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishes，Lingling,【名師點(diǎn)評(píng)】①本文語言委婉，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，思路清晰。②文章詳略得當(dāng)。該封郵件要介紹活動(dòng)安排，但更重要的是調(diào)整事項(xiàng)，故重點(diǎn)應(yīng)在調(diào)整上。作者不僅詳細(xì)分析問題，還提出了調(diào)整意見。③文章中用了Evenif，including，Whatsmore等單詞和短語，有力地證明了作者的方案的可行性。,【小試牛刀】(2016，蘭州)同學(xué)們，初中生活即將結(jié)束。本次考試后，盼望已久的假期就要到來！請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，制定出度假計(jì)劃?？梢越Y(jié)合自己的實(shí)際發(fā)揮。寫作內(nèi)容：1.和家長(zhǎng)/同學(xué)一起旅游，享受大自然的美景，放松心情；2．參加志愿者活動(dòng)，幫家長(zhǎng)做家務(wù)；3．讀自己喜歡的書；4．遠(yuǎn)離有危險(xiǎn)的地方。寫作要求：1.80詞左右，開頭部分已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．內(nèi)容合理；要點(diǎn)齊全；句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)正確、連貫，書寫規(guī)范；3．不得出現(xiàn)校名和自己的姓名等個(gè)人信息。,Myjuniorhighschoolyearsarecomingtoanend.Thesummerholidayisontheway.Herearemyplansforthelongexcitingholidays.,Firstofall，Idliketotravelwithmyparentsorfriendstorelaxmyself.Iwillenjoythebeautyofthenature.Afterthat，Iwilltakepossiblechancestobeavolunteertodosomethinghelpfultopeople.Athome，IwillhelpmyparentstodosomehouseworkthatIcando.Atthesametime，IwillreadthebooksthatIaminterestedin，andgetreadyforfurtherstudyinseniorhighschool.NomatterwhatIdoandwhereIgo，Iwillgetawayfromtheplacesthatarenotsafe.Inshort，Imlookingforwardtospendingahappysummerholiday.,