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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料 Unit 2　 第二課時(shí) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—I didnt go to work yesterday because my car broke down. —You ________ mine. I wasnt using it then. A．might borrow B．should borrow C．must have borrowed D．could have borrowed 答案：D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done。句意：——由于我的車壞了，昨天我沒(méi)有去上班?！惚緛?lái)能夠用我的車，當(dāng)時(shí)我并不用車。事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，cou

2、ld have done本來(lái)能夠做……，暗含實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做。must have done一定做了某事。結(jié)合句意選D。 2．Sometimes his present job________ be boring, and he ________ work for long hours a day. A．can; has to B．may; can C．has to; may D．ought to; must 答案：A　句意：有時(shí)他現(xiàn)在的工作有可能很沒(méi)趣，并且他一天中還必須工作很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。can表示事情一時(shí)的可能性；have to必須，不得不。 3．We are given a specia

3、l holiday, so we ________ go to work tomorrow. A．cant B．mustnt C．neednt D．shouldnt 答案：C　句意：我們有個(gè)特別的假期，所以我們明天不必去上班。cant不可能；mustnt絕不可以；neednt不必；shouldnt不應(yīng)該。結(jié)合句意選C。 4．(2014銀川高一檢測(cè))—Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the paper yesterday. —Oh, you ________ have done it as yesterday was the dead

4、line. A．must B．mustnt C．should D．shouldnt 答案：C　答語(yǔ)句意：哦，你本該做完的，因?yàn)樽蛱炀褪亲詈笃谙蕖４颂幱胹hould have done表示本該做某事而實(shí)際上未做。 5．—What do you think we can do for our aged parents? —You ________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A．dont have to B．oughtnt to C．mustnt D．cant 答案：A　句意：——你認(rèn)為我們能為我們年

5、老的父母做什么？——除了陪伴他們及順其自然你不必做任何事。dont have to不必；oughtnt to不應(yīng)該；mustnt絕不可以；cant不可能。結(jié)合句意選A。 6．(2014長(zhǎng)春高一檢測(cè))—I didnt see her last night at the party. —You ________. But you came too late. A．could have B．cant have C．must have D．ought have 答案：A　句意：——我昨天晚上在聚會(huì)上沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她?！惚灸芤?jiàn)到她的。但是你來(lái)得太晚了。此題考查could have done，過(guò)

6、去分詞已省去。could have done表示“過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做某事，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做”。 7．—Must I return the book a week later? —Oh, no.You ________. A．oughtnt to B．cant C．wont D．neednt 答案：D　句意：——我必須一周后還這本書嗎？——哦，不，不必。must的疑問(wèn)句的否定回答用neednt或dont have to。 8．—She looks unhappy.________ anything have happened to her? —Im not sure, but I g

7、uess something ________ happened. A．May；must have B．Can；may have C．Must; may D．Should; might have 答案：B　句意：——她看起來(lái)不高興。她可能出了什么事嗎？——我不確定，但我想可能出了什么事。can have done可能做了某事，用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句；may have done可能做了某事，表示把握較小的推測(cè)，用于肯定句。 9．(2013遼寧高考)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He ________ too much at the party last n

8、ight. A．could drink B．should drink C．would have drunk D．must have drunk 答案：D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：Harry感到不舒服。他一定是在昨晚的聚會(huì)上喝了太多的酒。由第一句中的“uncomfortable”及第二句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast night”提示，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生動(dòng)作的推測(cè)。用must have done。 10．(2013四川高考)—Why are your eyes so red? You________have slept well last night. —Yeah, I stayed up

9、 late writing a report. A．cant B．mustnt C．neednt D．wont 答案：A　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：——你的眼為什么那么紅？昨晚你肯定沒(méi)睡好。——是的，我熬夜寫一篇報(bào)道了。A項(xiàng)cant have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè)；B項(xiàng)表示“禁止，不允許”，不能用于對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)；C項(xiàng)neednt have done表示過(guò)去不需要做某事(但卻做了)；D項(xiàng)不能用于對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)。由句中的“so red”及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast night”提示，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生動(dòng)作的否定推測(cè)。 11．(2010天津，9)Mark ________ have hurr

10、ied. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A．neednt B．wouldnt C．mustnt D．couldnt 答案：A　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：邁克本來(lái)不必那么匆忙的。這么高速駕駛之后，他提前半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)了。根據(jù)后面的語(yǔ)境，提前半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)，說(shuō)明Mark本來(lái)不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來(lái)不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。 12．(2011全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，32)They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight w

11、as delayed. A．will B．can C．must D．should 答案：D　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。句意為：他們本該午飯時(shí)到達(dá)，但他們的航班推遲了。will have done將來(lái)可以完成；can have done可能做過(guò)……嗎？表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑，用于疑問(wèn)句；must have done一定做過(guò)某事，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)；should have done本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒(méi)做。but their flight was delayed這樣的結(jié)果，說(shuō)明他們本來(lái)該到達(dá)卻沒(méi)有到達(dá)，因此選D。 13．(2012湖南，21)Weve had a good start, b

12、ut next, more work needs________ to achieve the final success. A．being done B．do C．to be done D．to do 答案：C　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。need既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，在本句中用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞故排除B項(xiàng)；need后可接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)含義，若選A項(xiàng)，則需改為doing，need doing＝need to be done, 故C項(xiàng)正確。 14．(2012新課標(biāo)，30)I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o

13、clock each morning the train comes by my house. A．couldnt B．mustnt C．shouldnt D．neednt 答案：D　本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我沒(méi)有必要用鬧鐘來(lái)叫醒自己因?yàn)槊刻煸缟狭c(diǎn)火車從我家旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)。couldnt意為“不能，不可能”； mustnt意為“不允許，禁止”； shouldnt意為“不應(yīng)該”； neednt意為“不必”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。 15．(2010湖南，23)You ________ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A．must

14、B．mustnt C．have to D．dont have to 答案：D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：你沒(méi)有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買。dont have to意為“沒(méi)有必要”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 Ⅱ.根據(jù)句意，用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞(can/ought to/need/must/have to)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．One ________ cross the street against the red light. 2．His mother is ill, so he________ take care of her. 3．—I have to stay at hom

15、e preparing my lessons. —But you ________ . Tomorrow is Sunday. 4．Mikes father is ill, but you ________ tell him, because he is to take an important examination. 5．—It ________ be that naughty boy crying outside. —It ________ be him, because he has gone to school. 6．— ________ I finish the task

16、 right now? —Yes, you________. 7．You were out enjoying yourself when you ________ have been studying. 8．If you are busy now, you dont ________ come with us. 答案：1.ought not to/mustnt　2.has to　3.neednt/dont have to　4.mustnt　5.must；cant　6.Must；must 7．ought to　8.have to Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A People diet to l

17、ook more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists. The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntar

18、ily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding (繁殖) rights within the group，” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 510% smaller than its next l

19、argest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.” The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 510% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven awa

20、y from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up. It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an

21、 experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast. The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view

22、 of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small. While the habits of gobies may seem a little myste

23、rious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical (等級(jí)的) societies remain stable. The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a comple

24、te understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggest that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve longterm health and males regularly prefer females t

25、hat are fatter than the females own ideal.” 文章大意：大千世界，無(wú)奇不有。人節(jié)食是為了苗條，有魅力。魚節(jié)食又是為何？作者從魚類與人在節(jié)食問(wèn)題上的對(duì)比，揭示出了一個(gè)令人深思的話題——人類的節(jié)食真是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的嗎？其本質(zhì)目的何在？ 1．When a goby grows to within 510% of the size of its larger competitor, it ________. A．faces danger B．has breeding rights C．eats its competitor D．leaves the

26、group itself 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。文章第三段指出：當(dāng)稍小一些的魚一旦長(zhǎng)到它競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者體積的5～10%時(shí)，將引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。結(jié)果大多是小一點(diǎn)的刺鰭魚被逐出群體，最終被吞食掉。 2．The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to ________. A．the fish beaten up B．the fish found out C．the fish fattened up D．the fish driven away 答案：D　詞義猜測(cè)題。緊承前一句．..which usually ends in

27、 the smaller goby being driven away from the group可知the evicted fish指的是被逐出群體的挑戰(zhàn)失敗者。 3．The experiment showed that the smaller fish ________. A．fought over a feast B．went on diet willingly C．preferred some extra food D．challenged the boss fish 答案：B　推理判斷題。文章第四段結(jié)尾the gobies simply refused the extr

28、a food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast說(shuō)明刺鰭魚的節(jié)食是自愿的。而第六段更指出小一點(diǎn)兒的刺鰭魚節(jié)食對(duì)于維護(hù)魚類社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的重要性。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Fish dieting and human dieting. B．Dieting and health. C．Human dieting. D．Fish dieting. 答案：D　主旨?xì)w納題。文章主要論述了刺鰭魚節(jié)食的問(wèn)題。指

29、出這一行為是它自愿的，一種目的在于維護(hù)它們的整體穩(wěn)定的行為。 B (2014寧波六校高一期中) In the UK, most children have their midday meal at school, but in many schools, parents can choose what their children eat. The children can have a school lunch－a hot, cooked meal; or they can take a packed lunch with them, which usually includes co

30、ld food like sandwiches. Often parents prepare lunches on_the_basis_of what their children want. Cathy, a mother of three children, told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so were like a sandwich bar in our kitchen

31、 in the morning.” However, another mother, Susan, made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made sandwiches.” But how healthy are schoo

32、l dinners? Kaz, a father, wasnt impressed with them. “Fizzy (有泡沫的) drinks were offered and I think there were a lot of chips.” The question of how healthy school food is was brought to Jamie Oliver, who launched a campaign to improve childrens nutrition, after spending a year working in a school ki

33、tchen. The TV series about the campaign won an award this week. He was horrified(驚恐的)at the junk food he saw being served, which included burgers, pizza and chips.He decided to ban the junk, and started cooking good stews(燉菜)and curries for the children instead. Jamie improved the school dinners i

34、n that particular school, and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food. Then he put pressure on the government to improve the standards of school food across the country. And it looks as if the changes have begun. 文章大意：你討厭學(xué)校提供的飲食嗎？讓我們看看英國(guó)學(xué)校的情況如何？ 5．What would be the best title for the passag

35、e? A．School Dinners B．Healthy Food C．Dinners in the UK D．Research on Dinners 答案：A　主旨大意題。全文講述的是學(xué)校飲食的問(wèn)題，所以A項(xiàng)符合。 6．The underlined phrase “on the basis of” in the second paragraph probably means“________”． A．by comparison B．a(chǎn)ccording to C．in spite of D．for the good of 答案：B　猜測(cè)詞義題。所在句句意為“通常父母會(huì)按照孩子

36、的要求準(zhǔn)備午飯”。 7．We can learn from the passage that________. A．in Britain, all children have their lunch at school B．Cathys children like school dinners C．stews and curries are healthy food D．Jamie Oliver works in a school kitchen 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段可知，Jamie非常吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校提供漢堡包、比薩和薯?xiàng)l這些垃圾食品。他決定禁絕這些垃圾食品，用st

37、ews和curries來(lái)代替垃圾食品，所以不難看出stews和curries是健康的飲食。 8．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A．There are many schools in Britain. B．Susan chooses food for her daughter according to its nutrition. C．In the past, the food provided by British schools was not healthy enough. D．None of the parents in Britain like school food. 答案：C　推理判斷題。由最后兩段可推知，過(guò)去，英國(guó)學(xué)校提供的飲食是不健康的。