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1、 專業(yè)英語詞匯 目錄 1 總論 1 2 采礦 1 3 選礦 1 4 冶金過程物理化學 3 4.1 冶金過程熱力學 3 4.2 冶金過程動力學 4 4.3 冶金電化學 5 4.4 冶金物理化學研究方法 5 5 鋼鐵冶金 5 5.1 煉焦 5 5.2 耐火材料 6 5.3 碳素材料 7 5.4 鐵合金 7 5.5 燒結與球團 8 5.6 高爐煉鐵 9 5.7 煉鋼 10 5.8 精煉、澆鑄及缺陷 13 6 鋼鐵材料 14 7 英譯漢 15 29 1 總論 采礦mining 地下采礦underground mini

2、ng 露天采礦open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining 采礦工程mining engineering 選礦（學）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing 礦物工程mineral engineering 冶金（學）metallurgy 過程冶金（學）process metallurgy 提取冶金（學）extractive metallurgy 化學冶金（學）chemical metallurgy 物理冶金（學）physical metallurgy 金

3、屬學Metallkunde 冶金過程物理化學physical chemistry of process metallurgy 冶金反應工程學metallurgical reaction engineering 冶金工程metallurgical engineering 鋼鐵冶金（學）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel 有色冶金(學)nonferrous metallurgy 真空冶金(學)vacuum metallurgy 等離子冶金(學)plasma metallurgy 微生物冶金(學)microbial met

4、allurgy 噴射冶金(學)injection metallurgy 鋼包冶金(學)ladle metallurgy 二次冶金(學)secondary metallurgy 機械冶金(學)mechanical metallurgy 焊接冶金(學)welding metallurgy 粉末冶金(學)powder metallurgy 鑄造學foundry 火法冶金(學)pyrometallurgy 濕法冶金(學)hydrometallurgy 電冶金(學)electrometallurgy 氯冶金(學)chlorine metallurgy 礦物資源綜合利用engine

5、ering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources 中國金屬學會The Chinese Society for Metals 中國有色金屬學會The Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2 采礦 采礦工藝mining technology 有用礦物valuable mineral 冶金礦產原料metallurgical mineral raw materials 礦床mineral deposit 特殊采礦specialized mining 海洋采礦oceanic mining,

6、marine mining 礦田mine field 礦山mine 露天礦山surface mine 地下礦山underground mine 礦井shaft 礦床勘探mineral deposit exploration 礦山可行性研究mine feasibility study 礦山規(guī)模mine capacity 礦山生產能力mine production capacity 礦山年產量annual mine output 礦山服務年限mine life 礦山基本建設mine construction 礦山建設期限mine construction period

7、礦山達產arrival at mine full capacity 開采強度mining intensity 礦石回收率ore recovery ratio 礦石損失率ore loss ratio 工業(yè)礦石industrial ore 采出礦石extracted ore 礦體orebody 礦脈vein 海洋礦產資源oceanic mineral resources 礦石ore 礦石品位ore grade 巖石力學rock mechanics 巖體力學rock mass mechanics 3 選礦 選礦廠concentrator, mineral processi

8、ng plant 工藝礦物學process mineralogy 開路open circuit 閉路closed circuit 流程flowsheet 方框流程block flowsheet 產率yield 回收率recovery 礦物mineral 粒度particle size 粗顆粒coarse particle 細顆粒fine particle 超微顆粒ultrafine particle 粗粒級coarse fraction 細粒級fine fraction 網目mesh 原礦run of mine, crude 精礦concentrate 粗精

9、礦rough concentrate 混合精礦bulk concentrate 最終精礦final concentrate 尾礦tailings 粉碎comminution 破碎crushing 磨碎grinding 團聚agglomeration 篩分screening, sieving 分級classification 富集concentration 分選separation 手選hand sorting 重選gravity separation, gravity concentration 磁選magnetic separation 電選electrosta

10、tic separation 浮選flotation 化學選礦chemical mineral processing 自然銅native copper 鋁土礦bauxite 冰晶石cryolite 磁鐵礦magnetite 赤鐵礦hematite 假象赤鐵礦martite 釩鈦磁鐵礦vanadium titano-magnetite 鐵燧石taconite 褐鐵礦limonite 菱鐵礦siderite 鏡鐵礦specularite 硬錳礦psilomelane 軟錳礦pyrolusite 鉻鐵礦chromite 黃鐵礦pyrite 鈦鐵礦ilmennite

11、 金紅石rutile 螢石fluorite 高嶺石kaolinite 菱鎂礦magnesite 重晶石barite 石墨graphite 石英quartz 方解石calcite 石灰石limestone 白云石dolomite 云母mica 石膏gypsum 硼砂borax 石棉asbestos 蛇紋石serpentine 階段破碎stage crushing 粗碎primary crushing 中碎secondary crushing 細碎fine crushing 對輥破碎機roll crusher 粉磨機pulverizer 震動篩vibra

12、ting screen 篩網screen cloth 篩孔screen opening 篩上料oversize 篩下料undersize 粗磨coarse grinding 細磨fine grinding 球磨機ball mill 襯板liner 分級機classifier 自由沉降free setting 沉積sedimentation 石灰lime 松油pine oil 硫化鈉sodium sulfide 硅酸鈉（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass 過濾filtration 過濾機filter 給礦，給料feeding 給

13、礦機feeder 在線分析儀on line analyzer 在線粒度分析儀on line size analyzer 超聲粒度計ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer 4 冶金過程物理化學 4.1 冶金過程熱力學 冶金過程熱力學thermodynamics of metallurgical processes 統計熱力學statistical thermodynamics 不可逆過程熱力學thermodynamics of irreversible processes 化學熱力學chemical therno

14、dynamics 表面熱力學surface thermodynamics 合金熱力學thermodynamics of alloys 冶金熱力學數據庫thermodynamics databank in metallurgy 系system 單元系single-componentsystem 多元系multicomponent system 均相系統homogeneous system 廣度性質extensive property 強度性質intensive property 過程process 等溫過程isothermal process 等壓過程isobaric p

15、rocess 等容過程isochoric process 絕熱過程adiabatic process 可逆過程reversible process 不可逆過程irreversible process 自發(fā)過程spontaneous process 自理過程physical process 化學過程chemical process 冶金過程metallurgical process 化學反應chemical reaction 化合反應combination reaction 分解反應decomposition reaction 置換反應displacement react

16、ion 可逆反應reversible reaction 不可逆反應irreversible reaction 電化學反應electrochemical reaction 多相反應multiphase reaction 固態(tài)反應solid state reaction 氣一金(屬)反應gas-metal reaction 渣一金（屬）反應slag-metal reaction 平衡equilibrium 化學平衡chemical equilibrium 相平衡phase equilibrium 熱力學平衡thermodynamic equilibrium 亞穩(wěn)平衡meta

17、stable equilibrium 熱力學函數thermodynamic function 偏摩爾量partial molar quantity 總摩爾量integral molar quantity 標準態(tài)standard state 焓enthalpy 生成焓enthalpy of formation 反應焓enthalpy of reaction 熵entropy 吉布斯能Gibbs energy 生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation 反應吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction 溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy o

18、f solution 吉布斯能函數Gibbs energy function 化學位chemical potential 熱化學thermochemistry 熱效應heat effect 熱容heat capacity 熔化熱heat of fusion 汽化熱heat of vaporization 升華熱heat of sublimation 相變熱heat of phase transformation 放熱反應exothermic reaction 吸熱反應endothermic reaction 赫斯定律Hess’s law 相律phase rule 相

19、圖phase diagram 一元相圖single-component phase diagram 二元相圖binary-component phase diagram 三元相圖ternary-component phase diagram 液相線liquidus 固相線solidus 共晶點eutectic point 杠桿規(guī)則lever rule 溶液solution 溶質solute 溶劑solvent 固溶體solid solution 溶液濃度concentration of solution 摩爾分數mole fraction 冶金熔體metallurg

20、ical melt 金屬熔體metal melt (爐)渣,熔渣slag 熔鹽molten salt, fused salt 理想溶液ideal solution 真實溶液real solution 正規(guī)溶液regular solution 活度activity 活度系數activity coefficient 拉烏爾定律Raoult’s law 亨利定律Henry’s law 純物質標準態(tài)pure substance standard 質量１％溶液標準(態(tài))1 mass% solution standard 無限稀溶液參考態(tài)reference state of in

21、finityly dilute solution 相互作用系數interaction coefficient 化學反應等溫式chemical reaction isotherm 吉布斯～亥姆霍茲方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equation 質量作用定律law of mass action 平衡常數equilibrium constant 平衡值equilibrium value 直接還原direct reduction 間接還原indirect reduction 金屬熱還原metallothermic reduction 選擇性氧化selective oxidat

22、ion 渣堿度basicity of slag 光學破度optical basicity 酸性氧化物acid oxide 堿性氧化物basicoxide 兩性氧化物amphoteric 泡沫渣foaming slag 熔渣的分子理論molecular theory of slag 熔渣的離子理論ionization theory of slag 脫氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium 脫氧常數deoxidation constant 熔渣脫硫desulfurization by slag 氣態(tài)脫硫desulfurization in the gaseou

23、s state 硫分配比sulfur partition ratio 硫化物容量sulfide capacity 氧化脫磷dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere磷分配比 碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium 真空脫碳vacuum decarburization 去氣degassing 去除非金屬夾雜(物)elimination of nonmetallic inclusion 非金屬夾雜(物)變形form modification of nonmetallic inclusion 脫硅desilicon

24、ization 脫錳demanganization 分配平衡distribution law 化學氣相沉積chemical vapor deposition(CVD) 4.2 冶金過程動力學 微觀動力學microkinetics 化學動力學chemical kinetics 反應途徑reaction path 反應機理reaction mechanism 基元反應elementary reaction 平行反應parallel 鏈反應chain reaction 總反應overall reaction 反應速率reaction rate 反應速率常數reaction

25、 rate constant 反應級數reaction order 零級反應zero order reaction 一級反應first order reaction 二級反應second order reaction n級反應nth order reaction 碰撞理論collision theory 活化能activation energy 表現活化能apparent activation energy 阿倫尼烏斯方程Arrhenius equation 半衰期half-life 宏觀動力學macrokinetics 冶金過程動力學kinetics of metal

26、lurgical process 傳輸現象transport phenomena 傳質mass transfer 傳熱heat transfer 動量傳輸momentum transfer 層流laminar flow 湍流turbulent flow 氣泡gas bubble 鼓泡bubbling 射流jet 液滴liquid droplet 粘度viscosity 邊界層boundary layer 流率flow rate 通量flux 擴散diffusion 菲克第一擴散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusion 菲克第一擴散定律Fick

27、’s 2nd law of diffusion 擴散系數diffusion coefficient 傳質系數mass transfer coefficient 熱傳導heat conduction 熱對流heat convection 自然對流natural convection 強制對流forced convection 熱輻射heat radiation 導熱率thermal conductivity 傳熱系數heat transfer coefficient 體內濃度bulk concentration 未反應核模型unreacted core model 擴散控

28、制反應diffusion-controlled reaction 化學控制反應chenical-controlled reaction 混合控制反應mixed-controlled reaction 相似原理priciple of similarity 雷諾數Reynolds number 固定床fiexed bed 填充床packed bed 移動床moving bed 流態(tài)化床fluidized bed 混合時間mixing time 停留時間residence time, retention time 催化catalysis 催化劑catalyst 表面能sur

29、face energy 表面張力surface tension 界面能interfacial energy 界面張力interfacial tension 潤濕wetting 表面活性物質surface-active substance 吸收absorption 吸附absorption 4.3 冶金電化學 冶金電化學metallurgical electrochemistry 熔鹽電化學electrochemistry of fused salts 固態(tài)離子學solid state ionics 電解質溶液electrolyte solution 陽離子cation

30、 陰離子anion 電導conductance 電導率conductivity 電阻resistance 電極electrode 陰極cathode 陽極anode 電鍍electroplating 固體電解質solid electrolyte 穩(wěn)定的氧化鋯stablized zirconia 氧傳感器oxygen sensor 硅傳感器silicon sensor 定氧測頭oxygen probe 定硅測頭silicon probe 4.4 冶金物理化學研究方法 冶金物理化學研究方法research methods in metallurgical physi

31、cal chemistry 熱電偶thermocouple 量熱計calorimeter 熱太平thermobalance 熱分析thermal analysis 差熱分析differential thermal analysis,DTA 熱重法thermogravimetry 分子篩molecular sieve 5 鋼鐵冶金 5.1 煉焦 煉焦coking 高溫炭化high temperature carbonization 塑性成焦機理plastic mechanism of coke formation 中間相成焦機理mesophase mechanism

32、of coke formation 選煤coal preparation, coal washing 配煤coal blending 配煤試驗coal blending test 煉焦煤coking coal 氣煤gas coal 肥煤fat coal 瘦煤lean coal 焦爐coke oven 焦化室oven chamber 焦餅coke cake 結焦時間coking time 周轉時間cycle time 裝煤coal charging 搗固裝煤stamp charging 推焦coke pushing 焦炭熄火coke quenching 干法熄焦

33、dry quenching of coke 焦臺coke wharf 裝煤車larry car 推焦機pushing machine 攔焦機coke guide 熄焦車quenching car 焦爐燜爐banking for coke oven 焦炭coke 冶金焦metallurgical coke 鑄造焦foundry coke 焦炭工業(yè)分析proximate analysis of coke 焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke 焦炭落下指數shatter index of coke 焦炭轉鼓指數drum index of coke

34、 焦炭熱強度hot strength of coke 焦炭反應性coke reactivity 焦炭反應后強度post-reaction strength of coke 焦炭顯微強度microstrength of coke 焦爐煤氣coke oven gas 發(fā)熱值calorific value 煤焦油coal tar 粗苯crude benzol 苯benzene 甲苯toluene 二甲苯xylene 苯并呋喃-茚樹脂 coumarone-indene resin 精萘refined naphthalene 精蒽refined anthracene 煤[焦油

35、]瀝青 coal tar pitch 瀝青焦pitch coke 針狀焦needle coke 型焦formcoke 5.2 耐火材料 耐火材料refractory materials 耐火粘土fireclay 高嶺土kaolin 硬質粘土flint clay 輕質粘土soft clay 陶土pot clay 蒙脫石montmorillonite 葉蠟石pyrophyllite 膨潤土bentonite 鱗石英tridymite 方石英cristobalite 砂巖sandstone 耐火石firestone 莫來石mullite 氧化鋁alumina

36、燒結氧化鋁sintered alumina 電熔氧化鋁fused alumina 剛玉corundum 紅柱石andalusite 藍晶石kyanite,cyanite 硅線石sillimanite 橄欖石olivine 方鎂石periclase 鎂砂magnesia 合成鎂砂synthetic sintered magnesia 電熔鎂砂fused magnesia 燒結白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker 合成鎂鉻砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker 尖晶石spinel 鎂鉻尖晶石magnesia chr

37、ome spinel,magnesiochromite 硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth 蛭石vermiculite 珍珠巖perlite 碳化硅silicon carbide 氮化硅silicon nitride 氮化硼boron nitride 粘土熟料chamotte 熟料grog 輕燒light burning,soft burning 死燒dead burning,hard burning 成型模注shaping moulding 機壓成型mechanical pressing 等靜壓成型isostatic pr

38、essing 摩擦壓磚機friction press 液壓壓磚機hydraulic press 搗打成型ramming process 熔鑄成型fusion cast process 磚坯強度green strength,dry strength 隧道窯tunnel kiln 回轉窯rotary kiln 倒焰窯down draught kiln 耐火磚refractory brick 標準型耐火磚standard size refractory brick 泡砂石quartzite sandstone 酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]

39、 硅質耐火材料siliceous refractory [material] 硅磚silica brick,dinas brick 熔融石英制品fused quartz product 硅酸鋁質耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory 半硅磚semisilica brick 粘土磚fireclay brick,chamotte brick 石墨粘土磚graphite clay brick 高鋁磚high alumina brick 硅線石磚sillimanite brick 莫來石磚mullite brick 剛玉磚corundum brick 鋁鉻

40、磚alumina chrome brick 熔鑄磚fused cast brick 堿性耐火材料basic refractory [material] 鎂質耐火材料magnesia refractory [material] 鎂磚magnesia brick 鎂鋁磚magnesia alumina brick 鎂鉻磚magnesia chrome brick 鎂炭磚magnesia carbon brick 中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material] 復合磚composite brick 鋁炭磚alumina carbon brick 鋁鎂炭轉

41、alumina magnesia brick 鋯炭磚zirconia graphite brick 鎂鈣炭磚magnesia clacia carbon brick 長水口long nozzle 浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle 定徑水口metering nozzle 氧化鋁-碳化硅-炭磚 Al2O3-SiC-C brick 透氣磚gas permeable brick,porous brick 滑動水口slide gate nozzle 水口磚nozzle brick 塞頭磚stopper 絕熱耐火材料insulating r

42、efractory 輕質耐火材料light weight refractory 袖磚sleeve brick 格子磚checker brick,chequer brick 陶瓷纖維ceramic fiber 耐火纖維refractory fiber 耐火澆注料refractory castable 耐火混凝土refractory concrete 荷重耐火性refractoriness under load 抗渣性slagging resistance 耐磨損性abrasion resistance 5.3 碳素材料 [含]碳[元]素材料 carbon material

43、s 無定形碳amorphous carbon 金剛石diamond 炭相[學]carbon micrography 炭黑carbon black 石油瀝青petroleum pitch 石油焦炭petroleum coke 石墨化graphitization 石墨化電阻爐electric resistance furnace for graphitization 石墨純凈化處理purification treatment of graphite 炭磚carbon brick 炭塊carbon block 碳化硅基炭塊SiC-based carbon block 炭電極

44、carbon electrode 連續(xù)自焙電極Soderberg electrode 石墨電極graphite electrode 超高功率石墨電極ultra-high power graphite electrode 石墨電極接頭graphite electrode nipple 石墨電極接頭孔graphite electrode socket plug 電極糊electrode paste 石墨坩堝graphite crucible 石墨電阻棒graphite rod resistor 炭刷carbon brush 高純石墨high purity graphite 5

45、.4 鐵合金 鐵合金ferroalloy 硅鐵ferrosilicon 硅鈣calcium silicon 金屬硅silicon metal 錳鐵ferromangnanese 低碳錳鐵low carbon ferromanganese 硅錳silicomanganese 金屬錳manganese metal 鉻鐵ferrochromium 低碳鉻鐵low carbon ferrochromium 微碳鉻鐵extra low carbon ferrochromium 硅鉻silicochromium 金屬鉻chromium metal 鎢鐵ferrotunsten

46、 鉬鐵ferromolybdenum 鈦鐵ferrotitanium 硼鐵ferroboron 鈮鐵ferroniobium 磷鐵ferrophosphorus 鎳鐵ferronickel 鋯鐵ferrozirconium 硅鋯silicozirconium 稀土硅鐵rare earth ferrosilicon 稀土鎂硅鐵rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium 成核劑nucleater 孕育劑incubater,inoculant 球化劑nodulizer 蠕化劑vermiculizer 中間鐵合金master alloy 復合鐵合金co

47、mplex ferroalloy 電碳熱法electro-carbothermic process 電硅熱法electro-silicothermic process 鋁熱法aluminothermic process,thermit process 電鋁熱法electro-aluminothermic process 開弧爐open arc furnace 埋弧爐submerged arc furnace 半封閉爐semiclosed furnace 封閉爐closed furnace 矮煙罩電爐electric furnace with low hood 矮爐身電爐lo

48、w-shaft electric furnace 5.5 燒結與球團 人造塊礦ore agglomerates 燒結礦sinter 壓塊礦briquette 球團[礦] pellet 針鐵礦goethite 自熔性鐵礦self-fluxed iron ore 復合鐵礦complex iron ore 塊礦lump ore 粉礦ore fines 礦石混勻ore blending 配礦ore proportioning 礦石整粒ore size grading 返礦return fines 儲礦場ore stockyard 礦石堆料機ore stocker 勻礦

49、取料機ore reclaimer 熔劑flux 消石灰slaked lime 活性石灰quickened lime 有機粘結劑organic binder 燒結混合料sinter mixture 燒結鋪底料hearth layer for sinter 燒結sintering 燒結熱前沿heat front in sintering 燒結火焰前沿flame front in sintering 渣相粘結slag bonding 擴散粘結diffusion bonding 帶式燒結機Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine 環(huán)式燒結機circular

50、 travelling sintering machine 燒結梭式布料機shuttle conveyer belt 燒結點火料sintering ignition furnace 燒結盤sintering pan 燒結鍋sintering pot 燒結冷卻機sinter cooler 帶式冷卻機straight-line cooler 環(huán)式冷卻機circular cooler,annular cooler 生球green pellet,ball 生球長大聚合機理ball growth by coalescence 生球長大成層機理ball growth by layeri

51、ng 生球長大同化機理ball growth by assimilation 精礦成球指數balling index for iron ore concentrates 生球轉鼓強度drum strength of green pellet 生球落下強度shatter strength of green pellet 生球抗壓強度compression strength of green pellet 生球爆裂溫度cracking temperature of green pellet 圓筒造球機balling drum 圓盤造球機balling disc 豎爐陪燒球團sha

52、ft furnace for pellet firing 帶式機陪燒球團traveling grate for pellet firing 鏈算機-回轉窯陪燒球團grate-kiln for pellet firing 環(huán)式機陪燒球團circular gates for pellet firing 冷固結球團cold bound pellet 維式體wustite 鐵橄欖石fayalite 鐵尖晶石hercynite 鐵黃長石ferrogehlenite 鐵酸半鈣calcium diferrite 鐵酸鈣calcium ferrite 鐵酸二鈣dicalcium ferr

53、ite 錳鐵橄欖石knebelite 鈣鐵橄欖石kirschsteinite 鈣鐵輝石hedenbergite 鈣鐵榴石andradite 鈣長石anorthite 鈣鎂橄欖石monticellite 鈣鈦礦perovskite 硅灰石wollastonite 硅酸二鈣dicalcium silicate 硅酸三鈣tricalcium silicate 鎂橄欖石forsterite 鎂黃長石akermanite 鎂薔薇輝石manganolite 鈣鋁黃長石gehlenite 鈦輝石titanaugite 槍晶石cuspidine 預還原球團pre-reduce

54、d pellet 金屬化球團metallized pellet 轉鼓試驗drum test,tumbler test 落下試驗shatter test 5.6 高爐煉鐵 煉鐵iron making 高爐煉鐵[法] blast furnace process 高爐blast furnace 鼓風爐blast furnace 爐料charge, burden 礦料ore charge 焦料coke charge 爐料提升charge hoisting 小車上料charge hoisting by skip 吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket 皮

55、帶上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer 裝料charging 裝料順序charging sequence 儲料漏斗hopper 雙料鐘式裝料two-bells system charging 無料鐘裝料bell-less charging 布料器distributor 爐內料線stock line in the furnace 探料尺gauge rod 利用系數utilization coefficient 冶煉強度combustion intensity 鼓風blast 風壓blast pressure 風溫blast tempera

56、ture 鼓風量blast volume 鼓風濕度blast humidity 全風量操作full blast 慢風under blowing 休風delay 噴吹燃料fuel injection 噴煤coal injection 噴油oil injection 富氧鼓風oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment 置換比replacement ratio 噴射器injector 熱補償thermal compensation 焦比coke ratio,coke rate 燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate 氧化帶ox

57、idizing zone 風口循環(huán)區(qū)raceway 蒸汽鼓風humidified blast 混合噴吹mixed injection 脫濕鼓風dehumidified blast 爐內壓差pressure drop in furnace 煤氣分布gas distribution 煤氣利用率gas utilization rate 爐況furnace condition 順行smooth running 焦炭負荷coke load,ore to coke ratio 軟熔帶cohesive zone,softening zone 渣比slag to iron ratio,

58、slag ratio 上部[爐料]調節(jié)burden conditioning 下部[鼓風]調節(jié)blast conditioning 高爐作業(yè)率operation rate of blast furnace 休風率delay ratio 高爐壽命blast furnace campaign 懸料hanging 崩料slip 溝流channeling 結瘤scaffolding 爐缸凍結hearth freeze-up 開爐blow on 停爐blow off 積鐵salamander 爐型profile,furnace lines 爐喉throat 爐身shaft

59、,stack 爐腰belly 爐腹bosh 爐缸hearth 爐底 bottom 爐腹角bosh angle 爐身角stack angle 有效容積effective volume 工作容積working bolume 鐵口iron notch, slag notch 渣口cinder notch, slag notch 風口tuyere 窺視孔peep hole 風口水套tuyere cooler 渣口水套slag notch cooler 風口彎頭tuyere stock 熱風圍管bustle pipe 堵渣機stopper 泥炮mud gun,clay

60、 gun 開鐵口機iron notch drill 鐵水hot metal 鐵[水]罐iron ladle 魚雷車torpedo car 主鐵溝sow 出鐵溝casting house 鐵溝iron runner 渣溝slag runner 渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle 撇渣器skimmer 冷卻水箱cooling plate 冷卻壁cooling stave 汽化冷卻vaporization cooling 熱風爐hot blast stove 燃燒室combustion chamber 燃燒器burner 熱風閥hot blast

61、valve 煙道閥chimney valve 冷風閥cold blast valve 助燃風機burner blower 切斷閥burner shut-off valve 旁通閥by-pass valve 混風閥mixer selector valve 送風期on blast of stove,on blast 燃燒期on gas of stove, on gas 換爐stove changing 放散閥blow off valve 內燃式熱風爐Cowper stove 外燃式燃燒爐outside combustion stove 頂燃式熱風爐top combusti

62、on stove 爐頂放散閥bleeding valve 放散管bleeder 上升管gas uptake 放風閥snorting valve 均壓閥equalizing valve 高壓調節(jié)閥septum valve 爐頂高壓elevated top pressure 鑄鐵機pig-casting machine 鑄鐵模pig mold 沖天爐cupola 水渣granulating slag 水渣池granulating pit 渣場slag disposal pit 高爐煤氣top gas,blast furnace gas 高爐煤氣回收topgas rec

63、overy,TGR 非焦炭煉鐵non-coke iron making 直接還原煉鐵[法]direct reduction iron making 直接還原鐵directly reduced iron,DRI 豎爐直接煉鐵direct reduction in shaft furnace 流態(tài)化煉鐵fluidized-bed iron making 轉底爐煉鐵rotary hearth iron making 米德雷克斯直接煉鐵[法]Midrex process HYL直接煉鐵[法] HYL process 克虜伯回轉窯煉鐵[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron

64、-making 熔態(tài)還原smelting reduction 鐵溶法iron-bath process 科雷克斯法COREX process 生鐵pig iron 海綿鐵sponge iron 鏡鐵spiegel iron 清鐵法H-rion process 5.7 煉鋼 鋼steel 煉鋼steelmaking 鋼水liquid steel,molten steel 鋼semisteel 沸騰鋼rimming steel,rimmed steel 鎮(zhèn)靜鋼killed steel 半鎮(zhèn)靜鋼semikilled steel 壓蓋沸騰鋼capped steel 坩

65、堝煉鋼法crucible steelmaking 雙聯煉鋼法duplex steelmaking process 連續(xù)煉鋼法continuous steelmaking process 直接煉鋼法direct steelmaking process 混鐵爐hot metal machine 裝料機charging machine 裝料期charging machine 加熱期heating period 熔化期melting period 造渣期slag forming period 精煉期refining period 熔清melting down 脫氧deoxida

66、tion 預脫氧preliminary dexidation 還原渣reducing slag 酸性渣acid slag 堿性渣basic slag 脫碳decarburization 增碳recarburization 脫磷dephosphorization 回磷rephosphorization 脫硫desulfurization 回硫resulfurization 脫氮denitrogenation 過氧化overoxidation 出鋼tapping 冶煉時間duration of heat 出鋼樣tapping sample 澆鑄樣casting sample 不合格爐次off heat 熔煉損耗melting loss 鐵損iron loss 廢鋼scrap 廢鋼打包baling of scrap 造渣材料slag making materials 添加劑addition reagent 脫氧劑deoxidizer 脫硫劑desulfurizer 冷卻劑coolant 回爐渣return slag 噴槍lance 浸