國家開放大學(xué)電大?？啤队⒄Z閱讀(2) 2024-2025期末試題及答案(試卷號：2156) Part | Questions I —10 are based on Passage I and Pussuge 2. Ila&sagc 1 This h a short passage about the wildebceu migration. Every yenr nruund April ? many thou^nnds of wildebeest gather together oti the Srrcngeti Plains in Tanzani.i tn prep^ralion for thrir long journey northwards. Although it is often referred tu ns f I hr Migrationf t thii great movement ol animals is on endless ye at round trek dii t a ted by the nrrtnotift and the search for (reh Krass nnd wtixcr. By nirly July the long straggling columns ol wildebeest along with large numbers ol zebra< begin to reach the Marn Reserve, They can enter anywhere nd oner inside their rnovrnirnt> nre rrrntic according to where (orage is bes<> However? the herd^ do hnvc one ar two frtvonic river crossing places and after the Mara grasses have been gazed ta I hr ground# they une these to move northwards out of the reserve^ Weak animalft rarely survive the river crossings. Many arc crushrd to death by the sheer weight of numbers and some are eaten by hugr crocodiles. In latr September* the herds begin tu re - form for the journey back to the Serengeti Plains. Phey arrive three months later and begin calvings Reud Passage 1 und decide whether the following filatements ure True ar Fulse. Write T for True and b for False against the number of each of the LalcmcntM on your Answer Sheet L In April the- wildcbvcsi trnvel Ironi the Marn Reserve to rhe Serengeti. 2> Thr rrrt^on far 1 The Migration" ts search lor food. 3. In curly Junc< the wildebeest reach the Mara Reserve. 4. Thr wildrbrcst movemrnifi /ire irregular when they go into the Mnrn Reserve. 5. Al thr end of thr ycar< the wildebeest relurn to the Serengeti Plains and give birth to oilve. Passage 2 This ix a short passage about thr munilfr and Frankrnslein . Some nmc Later. Frankenstein received a letter from his father telling him thm his young brother. William? had been murderrd. All the family wn shocked when Justine Moritz< thr boy *5 nanny> was accused of thr enme nnd FrankenMein wa^ horrified when she wm executed for the murder bccousc he fch thnt hi、monster hud done it? not Justine. PhrouKhoui the following nionihtt> Frnnkcnstcin bcoimr more and mure depreMKrd, Thrn# onr dny when he rrvrhng in ihr mountAint trying to forget hin traublrji. brAiikenBYrin Ruddrnly mcl thr monntcr. Hr shouted (unounly at himt accusing him of thr enme. nnd trilinH him io titay ?w/ty from him nnd lii> (aniily. But the nionntcr iniiiAtrd on talking fa hin creator nnd told him thr nnd story of bin life mnee he hnd run nwcy I rum tin Ubotatory where Frankenstein hud made him. 「he monftlrr Mid thnt hr hwd tfird> in Vftin. to Htlnch himnrH to huniMHii hut tiobtxly would hnvr unylhintf to do with him? bccnuMe they faunil him no only and IrightcninK* He told bmnkrfi^triti that cvrn when hr hnd nAvrd a child who was drowning in a river < nobody tlmnkcd him. !n fact? the? fathrr hot him in the nhouldcr because he was afraid a( him. The monnter been me marc and rtiorr lonely nnd more ond more unhappy. Th「n. by chxncr. hr cnnir ftcrosx Williafn plnying in n filed and he decided to CApture the boy and try to niake him became hi* (rirnd. He took hold of William and tried tu embrace him. bui the boy RcrcAmed nndt in Afi nttemp! tu silence him. the monster held him by the thront ind. icddrntAlly> ^irnn^M him. Wend Puambcc 2 and Ihm try to ghr hort answem to the rollowhig qurftUonSe Write ynur Hn^wm on the Answer Sheets 6. Who was accused of murderinK F^rnnkrnRtriri% brothrr Wilhum? 7. What did FmnkcnMtrin <l<> when he met fhr manner? 8. Why was the munntcr unhappy? 9. What did the monntrr wahi to do when hr mrl Willinm? 10f How did the monatrr kill the boy ACcidrntMlly? Part 0 Qucntlont 11 —20 arc based on P心！my 3. Pawsagr 3 Clune myiwir. I can start all over Benin 1 The recent aucrrMsful cloning ol a I tolly,? hrc|u hn stunned the world. 2 I wns rxeited tiboui the idrn of having ■ clone ol my^rlf in the Ix^inninKi I might <itnri hf「ll over tiuain and redr cum thr mihikr tiMde in thr pnat 9 nnd then I could livr lonRcr to cr a better (uturc> 3 It t* 4 dream that ha% fascinated 50 many people for so long< as evidenced by numerous popular sCTrnrc fiction stories fcaturinR thi theme and countless literary works on the alter-ego. 4 For one tlunR* Eve is said to have been mudc from one of Adam 1 s ribs. Thr Itgend of her beginning might br regarded ax the earlier example ol cloning* So I am somewhat surpnspd tu sec governments worldwide reacting so ncgiitivrly when 5cienti>t! announced thnl they have made Mubstantiai progress in this Geld of soencr, 5 Dur to many brriitarionst the iechnH|ijc canf t be widely upphrd in the near luturc# hut under ihc influence of canfuMion and fenr# people are nlrc^dy spreuirttmg about clonings hir rtraching consequences And taking precautionary measures the jK>ssible misuses of the new technological breakthrough. 6 ?people fenr that lhe world would be ui u cness if human I>ring5 rv cloned Mime days mk! ZhBi Zhonghet a well-known hiologist &nd acadcmiciAn at the Chinan Academy of Sciences 7 Ian Wilmut< the embryologist who led the Ro^Hn Institute team in Britain that successfully cloned f Dolly f from a single cell on another ewe e 3 udder> announced that cloning hunwns was aprobablyf possible. 8 1A single tcrrninnl cell is sufficient for duplicating the whole animal, thatf 5 something new. said Zhai. Genetically, the reprcxiuction from fl single cell is h cumplctr copy of the tiswue donor. 9 Meanwhile> US scientht^ have declared that they have succestifuDy cloned a monkey, ujiing an cighl-cell rrnbryo> marking the first time that an /mtmai closely resembling hunmns ha$ ever been cloned, 10 Many governments in the world in a show of moral responsibilityr have moved quickly to discourage this new development. 11 The United States banned the federal funding of clonings and Orrmnny cjillcd (ar a world-wide ban on cloning human brings. 12 Danish snentists said they were halting experiments pending a full debate on rhe iwe The Italian government said human cloning should be outlawed and Announced a temporary bnn in Italy on all forms of human or animnl experrments linked with cloning. In China? many legislators attending the Eighth Nniional Peopled Congress were soliciting opinion* from scientists. 13 Chinese denti*l> suggested that legisUfion is nrresnary to control potential danger、 that may ari$r (ram the newly developed cloning technology and many have proposed fhnt laws be approved to control the use of the technology. [( revhnoluHicjil brr^kthruuuhh nlwity* ctHatr nrw fnboo> and give pn tnRighl into nrw dirnrnMionn of hurnnti brings< yet Mjmvhaw human living nttr nbl^ to drlju^t (heir minrkcv to new rrnltfy ftrr an inttiH) wave of panic. jut they huv( conic io ivrnt% with roiifrncrption nnd artilicwl fcriiliixtian. 13 If the new technalony cnn he widely npplictle it could br uxd io twvc cnflnnHrTfrd anirnulsf ruhiv^tr brtrrr，世nnd rephenfr irnn^^nic animnln cd mribrAl mid sctcntiltc value. Krud Pnvuaitr 3 and thrfi chfxnv thv best un%wer thnt may c<mi|ilctr ruch of thr ilntrmcnt% below uccordirifi to the pitMuw. Write)<ur MiisMm <in the An^urr Sheri. I L In Pmuniph I the word MMunM meiihs w 七 A. confuMc B. puole G hock fX plcaM? IZ? rhe Author ppr3r fti^vinnird by rhr iden t>( hnving n clnne ol hirnj<r|( brc^imt A? i! rriAblcfi him to hnvr more chHdrrti H. hr cap realize hi> wikIi (ot a lunRcr life C. he cun go bark into the pant l>. he wantM to br involved in thr CMpcnrnrnt 13. Fhr example nboui Arlntn nnd Eve (pAntKrAph O ?how、tliAt . A? cloning i an old technolo|(y which hnn hern rrvivnl r<n< fitly IL there hitd been un np|ihrntioti ol the technology in Hhnviit limrn (L c loning in in occardnncc with the doctrines of (^hriAliafiity D. clnninx Iimr l>rrn I he dreArn of humnn beingM mner thr Anvirtit puMl I t. PrtJpIrS gcnrrnl rrwrtjon to clnnrng ih thnf A. it mny hiive firgntive cunurquencrs un the human ocieiy B. it in a grrAt development of modem ferhncil()Ky C? the technology should be quickly applied to thr rtirr u! ni^iny 履』"冷山"?心 D? h hat to be eontrolled because there ate Mlrendy loo mtmy puuplr In ihr world 15. The (act lhT n monkey waw clonrd by US ncirtiBniji nhown thut . A. human bcinfta will br cloned immedimdy H. an *nifnnl closely resembling humuns ho been clonrd (二 rluning m a very ulmplr tr<:hno)()Hy 「)? AnirricHn cloning technology in the bn in I hr wurhl 16. Which KovcrnTncnt intended to ban cloning rxpcnmrrns? A. The American governincni The British ROvernrnKnt C. The Chinese government D. The kalinn government 17. Thr author mentioned conrrHcrption and artificial fertiliMiion ? A. to argue that cloning should br given n new name B> tr> prove that cloning equally chngrrous and should Iw 5)pp>ed C> to predict that cloning will br accepted by thr human SbOcieiy as well [>.to sugneAt new ways of birth control instrad of human cloning 18. Whnt benefits could the new technology hrinx(o the human society? according io the author? A. To save endangered animals B. To cuhivair better speeim C Ta reproduce transgenic untm^ls of medical and scientific value Fl AU of rhe above 19. Which of fhc following mameem is TRUE according to the pannage? A. Govcrnmcrnlft worldwide react |x>sitively to the cloning technology 匹 The cloning technology is welcomed by cd! people C ?Dully was cloned Irom a single cell on another cwefs udder D, Thr ( hinese government nlw banned the funding of cloning 20. Thr pa^AHge indicates that the author the rloninc technology^ A.慎upport* B. dislikes C doubts (X develops Part IQ True or False Qnnthxis 21—30 art based nn Passage Pavcage 4 When I Wks In America For most people the holiday sen son t< a time of joy and family rrunioru For me# it is a ttmr of mixed emotions fur 1 have been awny from my family in Iran while studying in the Unnrti Stolen Rnthrr tlwn lock rny^rlf in my landmesst 1 have tried each Christmus tu learn more about the culture ul the country and know more nbout my /Xmericon fnends. A tir-claKp 1 tiiill wear reminds me repeatedly ol rhe memorable Christmas of 1989. All my cla59mateM hnd eagrrly looked forward fo the holiday. 1 had no money for thr vacations My check from home hnd not nr rived on schedule bcrauAt? of the crush of holiday niaiL One day I walked To the campu> to pick up my mAil at the Intemnttnnal Students office. The nil important check Mill had not arrivctL Maria# a Mexican American student working "it temporary secretary tn thr deparimcnl mini have Mrtn me as I left rlw mwlbox with disappointnienl iihowing on my face. She invited me to pend Chrimmg Eve with her faraily* ! accepted all loo gUd!y9 MariA1^ fftnuly waa not nch. I hey lived in a modest ^mAll houxr. MnriA introduced mr to her pnrmtM. her aunt and her Auirr? who welcomrd me wArmly> Maru a s (athcr could only speak Spanish ? to he talked to me while Maria9 a sister act rd ns an interpreter. The kind look in hift rycn and his relaxed behavior mndc me fed right a! home. 1 hr dinner wan very elaborate^ Kurh dish hud * special frMturi? s;mcc and blend ci( seasonings. Mnnn#s aunt ate while sunding m ? corner of the smalL aid table* I felt a httlv uncomfonablct knowing that I occupying hrr phrt> but her geMturr expressed the ?mcere howpitnlny with which Marias whole family received me. After dinner< Maria chor ? small package from undrr fhe Chrunm盡 tree nd handed if to n\e. Inside I found the lie clasp I still uc to this daye Looking l the lie ? claspt I knew I would nlwaya regard it ns a rnrmento of nn unforgettable evening of good friendship during a hard and lonely period of my Me. Re?d Paasaftc 4 and decide whether the following MaCefnenK arc True or False. Write T for True ■nd F for Fnlsc against the number of cuch of the statcmcnU on your Answer Shrcl. 2L 1 he Author of the passage an ovrrseas student in Amcrwji. 22. The author ustiJiHy had a rikmI time during hahdoyfl in AmencH. 23. The author tried htn best not io be overcome? by his loneliness. 24. Thr ChriiHE時(shí) of 1989 wjis unforgetuible for the author 25. The nufhor dtdnf t look for ward to thr holiday *s he dtdnf t hnvr nionry to rn|uy it. 26. Hi，check w.s probably delayed because of the cruh d( holiday mniL 27. Mun* was a teacher At the university when the nufhar studied there. 28. There was only ennugh room Inr live at the table in ManaFn home. 29. Marin rs father did not talk bccauiic hr couldnft npcak En訕i》h. 30. The author apprcriaied the tie-clftsp beat use it conveyed thr kindness of MnriM f n family. Part |V Short Answer Qoesli(m 31—35 arc based on Passaic 5. Paxsagr 5 World AIDS Day December hrt m World AIDS l)ny. The meeiMge al events thia year is wLivr und lx?f Live " I Hr aim is to end improper treiitmrnf of people with HIV nnd AIDS Experts “y mich discnmmjitian remains a barrier to prevenhun and trentment. Thr United Nntionii rcponcd Idm week 1 成 the spread o( AIDS shows no gns of ^sing. h say，nn estimaied 10 m.Hinn people y living with the HIV vitua. Thune include 2.5 million children. Wurldwirfc, the report said thnt 6 million people became infected with HIV and □ mHh" died in 2010 — the moart even \)qCxqt Peter PifH heads the United Nanons AIDS program. Hr *mvji AIDS re spn^ding fastest in Eastern Europe. cs^cinlly Russiii. The Caribbean continue to c^penence high IcvrU of infectrun. And. he 皿ys there could be major incrc^s in China and India. One oui of five adults in ^>uchcrn Africa 認(rèn) living with HIV ar AIDS. Southern Alnca remains the worst affected part of the world. But Doctor Pioi mys there is m sharp mcreosr in parts of Western A1”s. such as ni Cameroon nnd Nigeria, and in pans of Sauihmi Am "d Southeast Auia such as India and Thailand^ Sexual contact > infected blood nnd the bharing of injection needles cnti all aprend the AIDS virus. A1!>S was first discovered in the I980m< Now# more women than men become infected with IHV. And Doctor Pint wzirns that the ability o( cauntriej to provide services hns dropped m many he/ilth workers brrome infected. The UN *ays South Africa had more people with HIV at the end of laict year than any uthrr country, h had an esttmuted 5. 3 million cases, about eleven percent of the population. Last month South Africa announcer! a plan to provide anti - retrovirul niedictnc^ for free. Tlie^e drug^ restrain the sprrJtd of the virus. South Afnca ays it hupc^ to have antr AIDS centers open in every hvnlth ilistrict within h year and in every Incal area within five years. I hr plan aUo includes money for public education and training far health care workers. Until nowt the governnirnt hn% said :hr drugM cost too much and 5“ cause harm. However> the com of three /\H)S drugs taken as a combination will be cut by almoil one* third> This will hnpprn under an agrrcmcni ncROtifltcd Ly the Clinton Foundation< Former Anirrican President Uill Clinton Uy that if the South African progrnm is successful? other nntion* could follow th Read Piisnge 5 und then try to give Miort nnswers to Questions 31—35，Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 3L What the mm of the message nr rvrntK af World AIDS Day this year? 32. How many people infected with AIDS died in 2010? 33. What d眼5 thr word tn the necond paragraph menn? 34. What can spread the AIDS virus? 35. Which cuunfry is the worst AIDS - aHeeted part o( the world according to the pass"? 試題答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (僅供參考) P?r1 1 (30 poiniBe 3 points rch) l? F 2. T 3. F 4. T &. T 6. Juntinc Morita 7. Frttnkrn^lrin Mhoutcd furiously /H him, nccuning him oi the crime? .md trlling htm to ly wy from him imd hh birni版 & HcCAUMt nobody liked him. 9. rhe tnonsiicr wanted to cupturr him and mnkc him heromc hm Irirnd. 10. The rnunnirr >trnglcd thr boy nccidcntally by holding him by the thrunt tn utop him MrrcnminK. PuH || ( 30 points. 3 points meh) 11, C 12. B 13. I> U. A 15. H 16, D 17, C 18. D 19. C 20. A Part 111 ( 20 points, 2 points each) 2L T U. F 23. T 21. T 25. T 26. T 27. F 28. T 29. V 30. T Port h ( 20 potau, 4 polnu each) 31. The mm al the " lo end improprr treatment of people with HIV ond AIDS. 32. 5 million people infected with AIDS died in 2010. 33. The word Mhrad" nicunK * lc4dfu or Min in ebargr olM. 34. SrxnnI confnct ? inlcctril blood nnd rhr nlinririK ol injection nerdlcn cun sprrnd lhe AIDS virun. 35. South Africa^