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1、代代 詞詞代詞在連續(xù)兩年的廣東高考語法填空中代詞在連續(xù)兩年的廣東高考語法填空中都有兩個小題，占語法填空的五分之一。都有兩個小題，占語法填空的五分之一?？梢?，代詞在所有語法項(xiàng)目中占分的比可見，代詞在所有語法項(xiàng)目中占分的比例最大，是語法填空的重要內(nèi)容。主要例最大，是語法填空的重要內(nèi)容。主要考點(diǎn)有：考點(diǎn)有：考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1：人稱代詞：人稱代詞人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語，賓格在人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語，賓格在句中作動詞或介詞的賓語。句中作動詞或介詞的賓語?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2：物主代詞：物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞只能在名詞前作定語，名詞形容詞性物主代詞只能在名詞前作定語，名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性

2、物主代詞名形容詞性物主代詞名詞詞”，在句中作主語、賓語、表語或與，在句中作主語、賓語、表語或與of連用連用作后置定語，但不能作定語。如：作后置定語，但不能作定語。如：考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3：反身代詞：反身代詞反身代詞在句中可以作反身代詞在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等動詞和等動詞和by, for, to等介詞的賓語，還等介詞的賓語，還可以作主語或賓語的同位語，可譯作可以作主語或賓語的同位語，可譯作“親自，親自，本人本人”，但不能作主語。，但不能作主語?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4：指示代詞：指示代詞指示詞有指示詞有this, that, these, those, such

3、等。注意等。注意以下以下4點(diǎn)：點(diǎn)：(1) this, these是時間或空間上的是時間或空間上的“近指近指”，可，可與與here連用；連用；that, those是時間或空間上的是時間或空間上的“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)指指”，可與，可與there連用。連用。(2) 指上文提到的事一般用指上文提到的事一般用that，有時也用，有時也用this，指下文的事只能用指下文的事只能用this。(3) 打電話時，用打電話時，用this來介紹自己，用來介紹自己，用that來問來問對方，不用對方，不用I或或you。(4) this和和that還可表示程度，意為還可表示程度，意為“如此，那如此，那么么”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于so，作狀

4、語。，作狀語?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5：疑問代詞：疑問代詞疑問代詞有疑問代詞有what, which, who, whom, whose等。等。用法要點(diǎn)如下：用法要點(diǎn)如下：(1)what除可用來詢問人的身份外，一般指物；除可用來詢問人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般一般指人。指人。(2)有一定范圍時，用有一定范圍時，用which，意為，意為“(其中的其中的)哪一個哪一個”，可接表范圍的，可接表范圍的of短語；沒有一定的短語；沒有一定的范圍時，用范圍時，用what，意為，意為“什么什么”，不能接，不能接of短短語。語?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)6：表示兩者或多者

5、的不定代詞：表示兩者或多者的不定代詞都都 都不都不(一個也不一個也不) 任一任一兩者兩者 both neither either多者多者 all none any 注意：注意：(1)表示完全否定可以說表示完全否定可以說noteither/any，但沒有但沒有either/anynot的說法。的說法。(2)both/all與與not連用是部分否定，意為連用是部分否定，意為“并非并非都都”。(3)none既可指人也可指物，可與既可指人也可指物，可與of短語連用；而短語連用；而no one (=nobody)只能指人，也不能與只能指人，也不能與of短語連用。短語連用。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)7：表示：表示“另外的另

6、外的”不定代詞不定代詞單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 泛指泛指 another others 特指特指 the other the others 說明說明 還可作定語還可作定語 不能作定語不能作定語 說明：說明：表示表示“別的，另外的別的，另外的”還有：還有：(1)用于疑問詞或復(fù)合不定代詞后面用于疑問詞或復(fù)合不定代詞后面的的else，其所有格形式是，其所有格形式是elses。(2)既能指可數(shù)名詞也可指不可數(shù)名既能指可數(shù)名詞也可指不可數(shù)名詞的詞的the rest(其余的其余的)。但上表中的代。但上表中的代詞只能代替可數(shù)名詞。詞只能代替可數(shù)名詞?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)8：表示：表示“每一每一”的的each和和every(1

7、)each強(qiáng)調(diào)個別，而強(qiáng)調(diào)個別，而every則用來概括則用來概括全體，與全體，與all相當(dāng)。因此，與相當(dāng)。因此，與almost, nearly, without exception等連用時，可用等連用時，可用every, 不能用不能用each。(2)each可指兩者，而可指兩者，而every則不能。則不能。(3)each還可用作代詞，而還可用作代詞，而every只能用只能用作形容詞，且只能作定語。作形容詞，且只能作定語。(4)every可表示可表示“每每(隔隔)”，但，但each不能不能考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)9：表示：表示“一些一些”的的some和和any(1)any一般用于疑問句、否定句或條件一般用于疑問

8、句、否定句或條件句中，或用于句中，或用于never, hardly, without, if/whether等詞之后。等詞之后。(2)some用于肯定句中，或用于建議、請用于肯定句中，或用于建議、請求、邀請的疑問句中，或用于希望對方作求、邀請的疑問句中，或用于希望對方作肯定回答的疑問句中，也用于表示反問的肯定回答的疑問句中，也用于表示反問的否定疑句中。如：否定疑句中。如：Would you like some more bananas?你再你再吃點(diǎn)香蕉嗎？吃點(diǎn)香蕉嗎？考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)10：復(fù)合不定代詞：復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞是指由復(fù)合不定代詞是指由every-, some-, any-, no- 與

9、與-thing, -one, -body等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。注意以下幾個等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。注意以下幾個問題：問題：(1)復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。(2)含含-thing的，用的，用it代替；含代替；含-body, -one的，一般的，一般用用they代替，在正式文體中可用代替，在正式文體中可用he。(3)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要位于后面。如：修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要位于后面。如：something important重要的事。重要的事。(4)something, somebody/someone, anything還可作還可作名詞，意為名詞，

10、意為“重要的事情重要的事情(或人物或人物)”。如：。如：His wife is now somebody in television.他的妻子現(xiàn)在是電視界的他的妻子現(xiàn)在是電視界的大人物了。大人物了?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)11：替代詞他：替代詞他it, that, those, one(1)it和和that都替代都替代“the+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可可數(shù)或不可數(shù)數(shù))”，都是特指，但，都是特指，但it指前面提到的指前面提到的“同一同一”事事物，而物，而that是指前面提到的是指前面提到的“同類同類”事物。事物。(2)只能替代可數(shù)名詞的只能替代可數(shù)名詞的one和和those。單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 泛指泛指 o

11、ne (a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) ones (復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞) 特指特指 the one=that (the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) the ones=those(the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞) 注：注：口語中，特別是當(dāng)后面有口語中，特別是當(dāng)后面有of短語時，多短語時，多用用that或或those；當(dāng)有前置修飾語時，只能用；當(dāng)有前置修飾語時，只能用one(s)。We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我們給可能來晚的人留了座位。我們給可能來晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代替代the persons)The popul

12、ation of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 蘇格蘭的人口是康沃蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八倍。爾人口的八倍。(that替代不可數(shù)名詞替代不可數(shù)名詞the population，不能用，不能用the one)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)12：it的用法的用法(1)替代前面提到的同一事物。替代前面提到的同一事物。(2)替代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。如：替代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。如：When the factory closes, it will mean 500 workers will be out of work. 工廠一旦關(guān)閉工廠一旦關(guān)閉,

13、 那就意味著要有那就意味著要有500工人失業(yè)。工人失業(yè)。(3)指動物、嬰兒，或在情景中確認(rèn)的某人。指動物、嬰兒，或在情景中確認(rèn)的某人。(4)指時間、距離、氣候、環(huán)境等。指時間、距離、氣候、環(huán)境等。(5)作形式主語或形式賓語。如：作形式主語或形式賓語。如：(6)用于用于it isthat強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句子缺少主語，或者分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句子缺少主語，或者及物動詞或介詞后缺賓語，就可能是填代及物動詞或介詞后缺賓語，就可能是填代詞。然后再根據(jù)各個代詞的意義與用法的詞。然后再根據(jù)各個代詞的意義與用法的不同，選出符合語境的某一個代詞填空。不同，選出符合語境的某一個代詞填空。有的不

14、定代詞，如有的不定代詞，如another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each等還可以在名詞前作定語。若名詞前等還可以在名詞前作定語。若名詞前缺少定語時，根據(jù)意義和用法，以及主謂缺少定語時，根據(jù)意義和用法，以及主謂一致等，填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)拇~。一致等，填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)拇~。例例1I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_36_. But she refused. (廣東廣東)思路分析：因思路分析：因(that) I had caus

15、ed是定語從句，是定語從句，先行詞是先行詞是trouble, 代表先行詞代表先行詞trouble的關(guān)系代的關(guān)系代詞詞that在從句中作賓語，被省略了；由搭配在從句中作賓語，被省略了；由搭配cause sb. trouble (給某人造成麻煩給某人造成麻煩) 可知，填可知，填her作擦作擦caused的賓語。的賓語。例例2It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) was very anxious to hope _33_rice crop growing up quicklyOne day, he ca

16、me up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. (廣東廣東)思路分析：因思路分析：因crop是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面必定是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面必定是填限定詞；由下文是填限定詞；由下文pluck up all of his crop a few inches可知，這個急性子人是急于希望可知，這個急性子人是急于希望“他他的的”禾苗長得快。故填形容詞性物主代詞禾苗長得快。故填形容詞性物主代詞his。例例3Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than

17、they knew it_. (全國全國)思路分析：能與思路分析：能與they相呼應(yīng)，并作相呼應(yīng)，并作they的的同位語的，填反身代詞同位語的，填反身代詞themselves?？键c(diǎn)擊破考點(diǎn)擊破一、單句填空：用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空或者根據(jù)一、單句填空：用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空或者根據(jù)漢語提示填空。漢語提示填空。1. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute. (重慶重慶)2. To save class time, our teacher has _ studen

18、ts do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. (湖湖南南)3. My grandma still treats me like a child. She cant imagine _ grown up. (重慶重慶)they us me 4. The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again. (全國全國). Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _. (全國全國

19、). Is her hair shorter than _(我我的的)?(全國全國). Our neighbours gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. (湖南湖南)8. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? (江西江西) her histheirs mine itself itself 9. My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of wha

20、t she is to do in the day. (上海上海)10. Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_. (全國全國) 11.The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (全國全國) 12. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy.

21、 (全國全國)herself themselves who which 13. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. (北京北京) 14.To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or _. (天津天津) 15. I had to buy _these books because I didnt know whic

22、h one was the best. (上海上海)16. We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _. (浙江浙江)neither both all any 17. It is easy to do the repair. _you need is a hammer and some nails. (天津天津)18. Id been expecting _letters the whole morning, but there werent _for me. (全全國國)19. These plan

23、ts are watered _ other day. (全國全國)20. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England. (全國全國)All some any every that 21. My most famous relative of all, the _ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather. (江蘇江蘇)22. We had a pic

24、nic last term and it was a lot of fun, so lets have _one this month. (天津天津) 23. Both sides have accused the _ of breaking the contract. (上海上海)24. Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but _like to go to the cinema. (全國全國)one another other others 25. Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we

25、ve decided to stay for_ two weeks.(上海上海)26. First, it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone _.(湖北湖北)27. Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave. (山東山東)28. The book is of great value. _ can be en

26、joyed unless you digest it. (福建福建)another else everything Nothing 29. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _ left in the house. (重慶重慶)30. We havent enough books for _; some of you will have to share. (全國全國)31. I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _ else, it wa

27、s hard to make out. (上海上海)32. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江) anything everybody anyone It 33. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. (湖南湖南)34. Id appreciat

28、e _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山東山東)35. I just wonder what _is that makes him so excited. (山東山東)36. He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk. (陜西陜西) it it it much 37. The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _ on the weekend.

29、 (安徽安徽)38. He has made a lot of films, but _ good ones. (北京北京)39. Although hes wealthy, he spends _on clothes. (全國全國)more few little 二、語篇模擬：用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空。二、語篇模擬：用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空。 One day, as Zeng Zis wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to go with 1_. “Stay home,” the mother said to him. “When2_re

30、turn, well kill a pig for 3_ dinner!“ When she came back, 4_ found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal. She hurried over to stop 5_: “What are you doing? Youre not really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him!”herIyourshe him “How can 6_ lie to children?” Zeng Zi replied. “7_ learn each and 8_ movement from 9_ parents. If 10_ deceive your child with lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way.” In the end, Zeng Zi killed the pig.weTheyevery theiryou