國家開放大學(xué)電大專科《英語閱讀(2)》2024-2025期末試題及答案(試卷號：2156) Part I Questions 1—10 are based on Passage 1 and Passage 2. Passage 1 This is a short passage about the wildebeest migration. Every year around April, many thousands of wildebeest gather together on the Serengeti Plains in Tanzania in preparation for their long journey northwards. Although it is often referred to as 4 The Migration', this great movement of animals is an endless year - round trek dictated by the seasons and the search for fresh grass and water. By early July the long straggling columns of wildebeest, along with large numbers of zebrat begin to reach the Mara Reserve. They can enter anywhere and once inside their movements are erratic according to where forage is best. However, the herds do have one or two favorite river crossing places and after the Mara grasses have been gazed to the ground, they use these to move northwards out of the reserve. Weak animals rarely survive the river crossings. Many are crushed to death by the sheer weight of numbers and some are eaten by huge crocodiles. In late September, the herds begin to re- form for the journey back to the Serengeti Plains. They arrive three months later and begin calving. Read Passage 1 and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for True and F for False against the number of each of the statements on your Answer Sheet. 1. In April the wildebeest travel from the Mara Reserve to the Serengeti. 2. The reason for 'The Migration' is search for food. 3. In early June, the wildebeest reach the Mara Reserve. 4. The wildebeest's movements are irregular when they go into the Mara Reserve. 5. At the end of the year, the wildebeest return to the Serengeti Plains and give birth to calves. Passage 2 This is a short passage about the monster and Frankenstein . Some time later, Frankenstein received a letter from his father telling him that his young brother, William, had been murdered. All the family was shocked when Justine Moritz, the boy's nanny, was accused of the crime and Frankenstein was horrified when she was executed for the murder because he felt that his monster had done it, not Justine. Throughout the following months, Frankenstein became more and more depressed. Then, one day when he was traveling in the mountains, trying to forget his troubles, Frankenstein suddenly met the monster. He shouted furiously at him, accusing him of the crime, and telling him to stay away from him and his family. But the monster insisted on talking to his creator and told him the sad story of his life since he had run away from the laboratory where Frankenstein had made him. The monster said that he had tried, in vain, to attach himself to humans, but nobody would have anything to do with him, because they found him so ugly and frightening. He told Frankenstein that even when he had saved a child who was drowning in a river, nobody thanked him. In fact * the father shot him in the shoulder because he was afraid of him. The monster became more and more lonely and more and more unhappy. Then, by chance, he came across William playing in a filed and he decided to capture the boy and try to make him become his friend. He took hold of William and tried to embrace him, but the boy screamed and, in an attempt to silence him. the monster held him by the throat and, accidentally, strangled him. Read Passage 2 and then try to give short answers to the following questions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 6. Who was accused of murdering Frankenstein's brother William? 7. What did Frankenstein do when he met the monster? 8. Why was the monster unhappy? 9. What did the monster want to do when he met William? 10. How did the monster kill the boy accidentally? Part II Questions 11—20 are based on Passage 3. Passage 3 Clone myself, I can start all over again 1 The recent successful cloning of 'Dolly,' a sheep, has stunned the world. 2 I was excited about the idea of having a clone of myself in the beginning： I might start life all over again and redress the mistakes made in the past, and then I could live longer to see a better future. tissue donor. 9 Meanwhile, US scientists have declared that they have successfully cloned a monkeyt using an eight-cell embryo, marking the first time that an animal closely resembling humans has ever been cloned. 10 Many governments in the world, in a show of moral responsibility, have moved quickly to discourage this new development. 11 The United States banned the federal funding of cloning, and Germany called for a world-wide ban on cloning human beings. 12 Danish scientists said they were halting experiments pending a full debate on the issue. The Italian government said human cloning should be outlawed and announced a temporary ban in Italy on all forms of human or animal experiments linked with cloning. In China， many legislators attending the Eighth National People's Congress were soliciting opinions from scientists. 13 Chinese scientists suggested that legislation is necessary to control potential dangers that may arise from the newly developed cloning technology, and many have proposed that laws be approved to control the use of the technology. 14 Technological breakthroughs always create new taboos and give an insight into new dimensions of human beings, yet somehow human beings are able to adjust their mindset to the new reality after an initial wave of panic, just as they have come to terms with contraception and artificial fertilization. 15 If the new technology can be widely applied、it could be used to save endangered animalst cultivate Better species and replicate transgenic animals of medical and scientific value. Read Passage 3 and then choose the best answer that may complete each of the statements below according to the passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 11. In Paragraph 1 the word “stun” means " A. confuse B. puzzle C. shock D. please 12. The author appears fascinated by the idea of having a clone of himself because . A. it enables him to have more children B. he can realize his wish for a longer life C. he can go back into the past D? he wants to be involved in the experiment 13. The example about Adam and Eve (paragraph 4) shows that . A? cloning is an old technology which has been revived recently B. there had been an application of the technology in ancient times C? cloning is in accordance with the doctrines of Christianity D. cloning has been the dream of human beings since the ancient past 14. People's general reaction to cloning is that . A? it may have negative consequences on the human society B. it is a great development of modern technology C? the technology should be quickly applied to the cure of many genetic diseases D. it has to be controlled because there are already too many people in the world 15. The fact that a monkey was cloned by US scientists shows that . A? human beings will be cloned immediately B? an animal closely resembling humans has been cloned C? cloning is a very simple technology D? American cloning technology is the best in the world 16. Which government intended to ban cloning experiments? A- The American government B. The British government C. The Chinese government D. The Italian government 17. The author mentioned contraception and artificial fertilization. A. to argue that cloning should be given a new name B. to prove that cloning is equally dangerous and should be stopped C to predict that cloning will be accepted by the human society as well D. to suggest new ways of birth control instead of human cloning 18. What benefits could the new technology bring to the human society, according to the author? A. To save endangered animals B. To cultivate better species C. To reproduce transgenic animals of medical and scientific value D. All of the above 19. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Governments worldwide react positively to the cloning technology B. The cloning technology is welcomed by all people C. 'Dolly' was cloned from a single cell on another ewe's udder D. The Chinese government also banned the funding of cloning 20. The passage indicates that the author the cloning technology. A. supports B. dislikes C. doubts D. develops Part Q] True or False Questions 21—30 are based on Passage 4. Passage 4 When I Was in America For most people the holiday season is a time of joy and family reunion. For me, it is a time of mixed emotions — for I have been away from my family in Iran while studying in the United States. Rather than lock myself in my loneliness, I have tried each Christmas to learn more about the culture of the country and know more about my American friends. A tie-clasp 1 still wear reminds me repeatedly of the memorable Christmas of 1989. All my classmates had eagerly looked forward to the holiday. 1 had no money for the vacation. My check from home had not arrived on schedule because of the crush of holiday mail. One day I walked to the campus to pick up my mail at the International Students office. The all important check still had not arrived. Maria, a Mexican- American student working as a temporary secretary in the department must have seen me as I left the mailbox with disappointment showing on my face. She invited me to spend Christmas Eve with her family. I accepted all too gladly. Maria's family was not rich. They lived in a modest small house. Maria introduced me to her parents> her aunt and her sister, who welcomed me warmly. Maria's father could only speak Spanishf so he talked to me while Maria's sister acted as an interpreter. The kind look in his eyes and his relaxed behavior made me feel right at home. The dinner was very elaborate. Each dish had a special feature, sauce and blend of seasonings. Maria's aunt ate while standing at a corner of the small, old table. I felt a little uncomfortable> knowing that 1 was occupying her place, but her gesture expressed the sincere hospitality with which Maria's whole family received me. After dinner, Maria chose a small package from under the Christmas tree and handed it to me. Inside 1 found the tieclasp I still use to this day. Looking at the tie - clasp* I knew I would always regard it as a memento of an unforgettable evening of good friendship during a hard and lonely period of my life. Read Passage 4 and decide whether the following statements arc True or False. Write T for True and F for False against the number of each of the statements on your Answer Sheet. 21. The author of the passage was an overseas student in America. 22. The author usually had a good time during holidays in America. 23. The author tried his best not to be overcome by his loneliness. 24. The Christmas of 1989 was unforgettable for the author. 25. The author didn't look forward to the holiday as he didn't have money to enjoy it. 26. His check was probably delayed because of the crush of holiday mail. 27. Maria was a teacher at the university when the author studied there. 28. There was only enough room for five seats at the table in Marians home. 29. Maria's father did not talk because he couldn't speak English. 30. The author appreciated the tie-clasp because it conveyed the kindness of Maria9 s family. Part IV Short Answer Questions 31—35 are based on Passage 5. Passage 5 World AIDS Day December first is World AIDS Day. The message at events this year is "Live and Let Live." The aim is to end improper treatment of people with HIV and AIDS. Experts say such discrimination remains a barrier to prevention and treatment. The United Nations reported last week that the spread of AIDS shows no signs of easing. It says an estimated 40 million people are living with the HIV virus. These include 2.5 million children. Worldwide, the report said that 6 million people became infected with HIV and 5 million died in 2010 — the most ever. Doctor Peter Piot heads the United Nations AIDS program. He says AIDS is spreading fastest in Eastern Europe, especially Russia. The Caribbean continues to experience high levels of infection. And, he says there could be major increases in China and India. One out of five adults in southern Africa is living with HIV or AIDS. Southern Africa remains the worst affected part of the world. But Doctor Piot says there is a sharp increase in parts of Western Africa, such as in Cameroon and Nigeria, and in parts of Southern Asia and Southeast Asia, such as India and Thailand. Sexual contact, infected blood and the sharing of injection needles can all spread the AIDS virus. AIDS was first discovered in the 1980s. Now, more women than men become infected with HIV. And Doctor Piot warns that the ability of countries to provide services has dropped as many health workers become infected. The UN says South Africa had more people with HIV at the end of last year than any other country. It had an estimated 5. 3 million cases, about eleven percent of the population. Last month South Africa announced a plan to provide anti - retroviral medicines for free. These drugs restrain the spread of the virus. South Africa says it hopes to have anti-AIDS centers open in every health district within a year and in every local area within five years. The plan also includes money for public education and training for health care workers. Until now, the government has said the drugs cost too much and can cause harm. However, the cost of three AIDS drugs taken as a combination will be cut by almost one- third. This will happen under an agreement negotiated by the Clinton Foundation. Former American President Bill Clinton says that if the South African program is successful, other nations could follow it. Read Passage 5 and then try to give short answers to Questions 31—35. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 31. What's the aim of the message at events of World AIDS Day this year? 32. How many people infected with AIDS died in 2010? 33. What does the word “heads” in the second paragraph mean? 34. What can spread the AIDS virus? 35. Which counfry is the worst AIDS - affected part of the world according to the passage? 試題答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (僅供參考) Part I (30 points, 3 points each) 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. Justine Moritz. 7. Frankenstein shouted furiously at him, accusing him of the crime * and telling him to stay away from him and his family. 8. Because nobody liked him. 9. 「he monster wanted to capture him and make him become his friend. 10. The monster strangled the boy accidentally by holding him by the throat to stop him screaming. Part II ( 30 points9 3 points each) 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. A Part [II ( 20 points, 2 points each) 21. T 22. F 23. T 24. T 25. T 26. T 27. F 28. T 29. F 30. T Part IV ( 20 points, 4 points each) 31. The aim of the message is to end improper treatment of people with HIV and AIDS. 32. 5 million people infected with AIDS died in 2010. 33. The word "heads" means "leads" or "is in charge of". 34. Sexual contactt infected blood and the sharing of injection needles can spread the AIDS virus. 35. South Africa. 3 It is a dream that has fascinated so many people for so long, as evidenced by numerous popular science fiction stories featuring this theme and countless literary works on the alter-ego. 4 For one thing, Eve is said to have been made from one of Adam's ribs. The legend of her beginning might be regarded as the earliest example of cloning. So I am somewhat surprised to see governments worldwide reacting so negatively when scientists announced that they have made substantial progress in this field of science. 5 Due to many limitationst the technique can't be widely applied in the near future, but under the influence of confusion and fear, people are already speculating about cloning's far -reaching consequences and taking precautionary measures against the possible misuses of the new technological breakthrough. 6 3 4 5 6 7 8People fear that the world would be in a mess if human beings are cloned some day,' said Zhai Zhonghe, a well-known biologist and academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 7 Ian Wilmut, the embryologist who led the Roslin Institute team in Britain that successfully cloned ? Dolly' from a single cell on another ewe1 s udder, announced that cloning humans was probably' possible. 8 4A single terminal cell is sufficient for duplicating the whole animal, that's something new,' said Zhai. Genetically, the reproduction from a single cell is a complete copy of the