the infinitive不定式不定式 不定式的基本概念不定式的基本概念小品詞小品詞to + 動詞原形動詞原形 (to go )具體特征：1）兼有名詞、形容詞、副詞和動詞的特征。可以充當句子除謂語以外的任何成份。2）有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。（著重動作未發(fā)生。-將來）。 is better than .在很多情況下，特別是在口語中，如果在很多情況下，特別是在口語中，如果這個不定式主語賓語太長，常采用先行這個不定式主語賓語太長，常采用先行it代代替，而把不定式后置：替，而把不定式后置： Its a great pleasure . I find it difficult to finish the homework.1.動詞不定式在句子中可作名詞或不定動詞不定式在句子中可作名詞或不定代詞的定語，只能放在被修飾名詞或代詞的定語，只能放在被修飾名詞或不定代詞的后面。例如：不定代詞的后面。例如： We should have courage to face the music. I want to get something to drink. eg. 我有很多作業(yè)要做。我有很多作業(yè)要做。 I have much homework_. He has no book _.（他沒有書讀）（他沒有書讀）to doto read2. 如果是不及物動詞的不定式作定語時，如果是不及物動詞的不定式作定語時，后面要接上相應的介詞。例如：后面要接上相應的介詞。例如：The man has a wife and three children to look after.It seems that she is not a happy girl to work with.Eg. 我想找間房子住。我想找間房子住。I want to find a room _.He has no pen _.to live in to write with 1.這種不定式結(jié)構(gòu)接近一個名詞從句這種不定式結(jié)構(gòu)接近一個名詞從句,通通常用來做某些動詞的賓語。這類動詞常常用來做某些動詞的賓語。這類動詞常見的有：見的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。疑問詞（也稱連接代等。疑問詞（也稱連接代/副詞）有：副詞）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which（why 除外除外如：如： I dont know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there. I havent decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out what to do next / where to put it.2.這類這類結(jié)構(gòu)可作動詞的賓語也可作介詞結(jié)構(gòu)可作動詞的賓語也可作介詞的賓語的賓語. 一般都是一般都是:介詞介詞+疑問詞疑問詞+不定式不定式. Im worrying about what to do next.Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.3此結(jié)構(gòu)容易混淆的短語比較：比較：1.I dont know what to do.1.I dont know how to do it.2.Please tell me how to deal with it.2.Please tell me what to do with it.Can you find the difference?1）Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2)Her plan _ made me surprised. A.is to fly B. is flying C. to fly D. flying 3）Mrs. Smith didnt know _ the car after drinking. A.how to do B. what to do with C.how to do with D. what to do