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1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)PRESENT PERFECT現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語(yǔ)等狀語(yǔ)連用。連用。2.過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與常與for或或since引起的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。引起的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓現(xiàn)在我不餓)Im not hungry nowmoved he

2、rein 2004I still live hereI have lived here for 8 years.I have lived here since 2004/8 years ago. nowpastHe is full .He has had a big breakfast.1.過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。功能：功能：2.過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù) 到現(xiàn)在或還將持續(xù)下去。到現(xiàn)在或還將持續(xù)下去。助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞否定否定haventhasnt疑問(wèn)疑問(wèn)Have you?Has he? What are the

3、key words for the Present Perfect Tense?A: _ your brother _ his homework yet? (finish)B: Yes, he s already done it.Has finished yet already 注意：注意：already 用于肯定句，用于肯定句， yet 用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中A: _ you ever _ to the park? ( be )B: No, never. Have been yet already ever never 注意：注意： ever 曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng) 用于疑問(wèn)句中用于疑問(wèn)

4、句中 never 從不從不 帶有否定意義帶有否定意義I _ just _ the desk, you can take it to your classroom . (mend )have mended yet ever never just already Just 剛剛剛剛 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用 一般置句中一般置句中Just now 剛才剛才 與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work )has worked yet ever never since already

5、 since 后面帶后面帶過(guò)去時(shí)間過(guò)去時(shí)間或或有一般過(guò)去時(shí)有一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子的句子A: How long _ you _ in this school? (teach )B: For 6 years. have taught yet ever never since for already + 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間since: (自自以來(lái)以來(lái))1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 從句從句She has tau

6、ght English since he came here. for: (長(zhǎng)達(dá)）長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+ 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes 用for 或since填空1.Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2. Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3. My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4. My friends havent visited me _ my b

7、irthday. 5. We havent used our car _ a long time . 6. She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7. Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. forsinceforsinceforforsinceWe _ only _ 100 trees so far. (answer ) have planted yet ever never since for just already so far 到目前為止到目前為止 yet ever never since

8、 for just before already so far in the past 10 years twice 也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞how longhave(has)been和和 have(has)gone 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別Where has he been?Where has he gone?have(has)been:表示曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地，表示曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地，人現(xiàn)在不在某地。人現(xiàn)在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已經(jīng)去過(guò)某地了，表示已經(jīng)去過(guò)某地了，人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地了。已經(jīng)在某地了。翻譯：翻譯：他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來(lái)了

9、）他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）練：練：She has been to Shanghai.She has gone to Shanghai.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為: 1) 瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞 (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作) 2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞延續(xù)動(dòng)詞 (強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段時(shí)間段連用連用. PAY ATTENTION 注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)A.表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

10、表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過(guò)去時(shí)間不能是具體過(guò)去時(shí)間 ( 1).for+表示表示一段一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)時(shí)間的短語(yǔ) ( 2).since+表示表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ) ( 3).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句從句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince B.just,already,yet,before/

11、 ever,never 有此類副詞時(shí)有此類副詞時(shí),常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù). eg.Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyet2.區(qū)分區(qū)分短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞與與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞. 表示短暫性表示短暫性(瞬間性瞬間性)的動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句中的動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句中不能不能和和一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間連用連用.短暫性的動(dòng)詞如：短暫性

12、的動(dòng)詞如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成時(shí)態(tài)中不能與等，在完成時(shí)態(tài)中不能與for,since短語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)或How long等引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。等引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I have bought this pen for two months.I have had this pen for two months.How long have you _ this pen.hadThe teacher has left.The teacher has been away for half an hour .(be away)method 1: 動(dòng)作動(dòng)作狀態(tài)狀態(tài)die be ov

13、er leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be deadShe has bought the computer for two years.hadbuyhave/has hadHow long have you come to the United States？ been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadAnn has gone to China since three mont

14、hs ago.been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been inMy brother has joined the army for five years. been inbeen a soldier come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier I have left Shanghai for 3 days.

15、 been away for 3 days. come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago . kept come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/h

16、as been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept The film has begun for 10 minutes. been on come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borro

17、w have/has kept begin have/has been on The concert has finished for half an hour. been over come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/h

18、as been over His dog has died for two years . been dead come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over die have/has been dead

19、只用于第三人稱只用于第三人稱 nowpastfuture一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過(guò)去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較 I saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） have known knew saw have lost have did move lived did has finished see saw