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1、 非謂語動詞在句子除不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，可以充當(dāng)句中的所有其它成分；它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，故又稱非限定動詞；雖然不能獨(dú)立做謂語，但仍保留動詞的其它特征，可以有自己的賓語和狀語。1.考查動詞不定式下列用法：（1）作賓語（2）作賓語補(bǔ)足語（3）作狀語（4）用在how, when, where, what, which等之后。2.考查動名詞用法。考點(diǎn)一 動詞不定式 1. 動詞不定式的構(gòu)成和用法動詞不定式的基本形式是“to + 動詞原形”，有時可以不帶to。動詞不定式（或不定式短語）沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。動詞不定式仍可保留動詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語和狀語。動詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語

2、構(gòu)成不定式短語。如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等。動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句子中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。句法作用例 句作主語To learn a foreign language is not easy.= Its not easy to learn a foreign language.作表語The important thing is to finish the work on time.作賓語I hope to travel all over the world one da

3、y.Can you tell me how to do it = what to do作賓語補(bǔ)足語Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.The father made his son study hard.作定語We have a lot of homework to do every day.作狀語She went to see her grandma last Sunday.()1.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrock.A.tohaverestedB.torestC.restingD.rest()2

4、.Look!Thelightsintheclassroomarestillon.Oh,Iforgot_.A.turningthemoffB.turnthemoffC.toturnthemoffD.havingturnedthemoff()3.Thehouseisnotbigenoughforusall_.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forlivingin()4.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive(

5、)5.Ittakesmehalfanhour_thepianoeveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.played()6.Myjobis_English.A.teachyouB.teachingyouC.toteachyourD.toteachyou2. 常見的后面接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有:would like to dotry to doafford to dopretend to dowant to doremember / forget to dowish to doagree to do begin / start to dohope to dorefus

6、e to dopromise to dodecide to doplan to do learn to do prefer to do()7.Dontforget_thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A.acceptB.toacceptC.sayD.tosay()8.Hepromised_hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.tosee()9.Remember_offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturn B.turningC.turnD.turned

7、()10.Manyoldmenprefer_inthepeacefulcountryside.A.toliveB.livingC.liveD.lived3. 常見的后面接動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有:tellsb.todowouldlikesb.todoallowsb.todohelpsb.todowishsb.todo begsb.todoencouragesb.todoexpectsb.todoasksb.todoinvitesb.todoadvisesb.todoforcesb.todowantsb.todo warnsb.todoteachsb.todopersuadesb.todo

8、()11.Marycalledandaskedherhusband_homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.A.toleaveB.leaveC.goD.togo()12.Mr.Wangoftenencouragesus_closetonatureandenjoyitsbeauties.A.getBgetting C.toget4. 常見的后面接不帶 “to”的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有： 一感，二聽，三讓，四看，半幫。解釋為：一感：feel；二聽：hear，listen to；三讓：make，let，have；四看：see，not

9、ice，watch，observe；半幫：help； help sb. (to) do sth.注意：變成被動語態(tài)時，動詞原形前要加 “to”。 如： I saw Tom get into the teachers office. Tom was seen to get into the teachers office. 感觀使役動詞使用口訣 感使動詞真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪；主動句里它走開，被動句里它回來。()13.Youlooksotired.Mymothermakesme_playingthepianofor2hourseveryday.A.practiceB.topracticeC.p

10、racticingD.topracticing()14.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning()15.DoyoulikeZhouLibostalkshow?Yes.Histalkshowisveryfunny.Italwaysmakespeople_.A.laughBlaughedC.laughingD.tolaugh5. 特殊疑問詞 + to do結(jié)構(gòu)動詞不定式可以和疑問詞what ,which, how, where, when 等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語。在句子充當(dāng)主語、賓語

11、、表語等。如： The question is when to start. （作表語） 問題是何時動身。 He showed me how to use a computer. (作賓語) 他給我們演示怎樣使用計(jì)算機(jī)。 What to do is a big problem. （作主語）做什么是個大問題。()16.ThereresomanybeautifulpresentsintheshopthatIdontknow_.A.tochoosewhichoneB.whatchooseC.whichonetochooseD.tochoosewhat()17.Alloftheplansarevery

12、good.Ireallydontknow_.A.whichtotalkB.whichtotalkaboutC.totalkaboutwhichD.Iaskedyouforhelp()18.Simon,Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided_?NextSeptember.A.whengoingB.whentogoC.howgoingD.howtogo考點(diǎn)二 動名詞 1. 動名詞的構(gòu)成和用法動名詞由“動詞+ ing”構(gòu)成，常在句子中用做主語、表語和賓語。用法見下表：句法功能例 句作主語Playing chess is fun.Its

13、 no use waiting here.作表語The nurses job is looking after the patients.作賓語You cant leave the classroom until you finish doing your homework.()19.Theretiredcoupleenjoy_photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.A.takeB.took.C.totakeD.taking()20._isbadforourhealth.A.DoingeyeexercisesB.GotobedearlyC.Eatingto

14、omuchD.Takingawalk2. 常見的后面接動名詞作賓語的動詞有:enjoy doinghate doingcontinue doingbe busy doinglike doingmind doingpractice doingbe worth doingfeel like doingconsider doingcant help doinghave fun doingkeep doingfinish doinggive up doinghave problem doing()21.Hedidntfeellike_outforawalk,becausehehadcaughtacol

15、d.A.togoB.goesC.goneD.going()22.Thestudentsarebusy_readyfortheexamnow.A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget()23.Wouldyoumind_forafewminutes?No,notatall.A.waitB.towaitC.waitedD.waiting()24.Haveyoureadthisbook?Itsworth_.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.toberead3. 介詞如：in , at , for , of , from , up , about , to后要接動名詞。下列幾

16、個詞組的“to”為介詞： be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事 prefer doing to doing 寧愿而不愿look forward to doing 盼望著做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事make a contribution to doing 為做貢獻(xiàn) 常見后面常跟動名詞作賓語的動詞, 可以這樣記：完成實(shí)踐值得忙 (finish, practice, be worth, be busy)繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄 (keep on, be used to, give up)考慮建議不禁想 (consider, suggest, cant help,

17、feel like)喜歡思念要放棄 (enjoy, miss, give up)()25.Aclockismadefor_usthetime.A.tellB.tellingC.totellD.tells()26.Imlookingforwardto_myparentssoon.Whataboutyou?Metoo.A.seeingB.seeC.sawD.seen()27.Hewasafraidof_herupwhenhelefttheroom.A.wakingB.towakeC.wakesD.woke考點(diǎn)三 過去分詞 1. 作定語 如： The girl called Lucy won the

18、 English speech contest. 那個叫Lucy的女孩贏了英語演講比賽。2. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 如： There is something wrong with my bike. I have to get it repaired. 我的自行車壞了，我得找人修一下。 常跟過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有： have/get sth. done 請人做某事()28.Thecar_inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced()29.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?

19、Somepictures_bytheAfricans.A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.weredrawn()30.Youdbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_.Itstoodirty.Thanks.Iwill.A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash考點(diǎn)四 感官動詞的基本用法 see, watch, hear, notice這幾個感官動詞后面既可接不帶“to”的動詞不定式（即動詞原形），又可接v-ing形式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。它們的區(qū)別在于： 1. 經(jīng)?；蛞呀?jīng)發(fā)生的動作，用不帶“to”的動詞不定式。如： We often hear her si

20、ng English songs in the next room. 我們經(jīng)常聽到她在隔壁房間唱英文歌。 I saw the teacher come into the classroom just now. 剛才我看見老師走進(jìn)了教室。2. 正在進(jìn)行的動作用v-ing形式。如： We heard him talking in class. 我們聽見他正在教室說話。()31.IheardMother_withFatherinthenextroomattenlastnight.A.talkB.talkingC.totalkD.istalking()32.Isawhim_intheclassroom

21、.A.sleepB.sleptC.tosleepD.sleeping()33.Ioftenwatchhim_tennis.A.toplayB.playC.playingD.plays考點(diǎn)五 幾組易混淆的詞組辨析 stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事remember to do sth. 記住去做某事remember doing sth. 記得做過某事forget to do sth. 忘了要做某事forget doing sth. 忘了做過某事go on to do sth. 接著去做另一件事go on doing sth. 接著做同一件

22、事try to do sth. 努力去做某事try doing sth. 試著去做某事have sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事have sth. done 請人做某事()34.Hedroppedthestick,sohestopped_itup.A.topickB.pickingC.pickD.picked()35.Itstopped_.Wecangoouttoplay.A.torainB.rainingC.fromrainingD.toraining考點(diǎn)六 常用句型和結(jié)構(gòu) 1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事2. would rather do st

23、h. than do sth. 寧愿而不愿 3. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿而不愿4. Would/Will/Could you please(not)do sth？ 請你(不)好嗎？5. Why not ? = Why dont you ? 為什么不做？6. There is no time to do 沒有時間做7. Its time + (for sb.) + to do 是做的時間了。8. too + adj./adv. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （對某人來說）太而不能做9. 主語+ think/make/f

24、ind/feel + it + adj./n. + to do sth.10. Its + clever/kind/good/right/wrong/foolish/nice + of sb. + to do sth.11. Its + easy/difficult/important/interesting/hard + for sb. + to do sth.12. What/How about doing sth.? 怎么樣？13. have fun/problems/trouble/difficulties (in) doing sth. ()36.Youdbetter_yourbik

25、e_atonce.ItisMondaytomorrow,youknow.A.tohave,mendB.have,mendedC.have,tomendD.tohave,mended()37.Isthereanytime_tothemuseum?A.goingB.togoC.goesD.gone()38.Ithinkitkind_.A.ofhimtohelpmeB.forhimtohelpC.thathehelpmeD.ofhimhelpingme()39.Itstoohottoday.Whynot_yourcoat?A.takeonB.totakeoffC.takeoffD.takingoff()40.Itsverynice_youto_meaboutit.A.for;tellB.of;sayC.to;speakD.of;tell非謂語動詞是中考必考內(nèi)容之一，常常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、閱讀理解、短文填空以及書面表達(dá)中，是中考復(fù)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)。同學(xué)們要注意：1. 學(xué)會分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明辨與動詞搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)形式；2. 熟練記憶各種搭配不定式或-ing的動詞固定結(jié)構(gòu)；3. 熟練記憶并會使用與非謂語動詞相關(guān)的句型。