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1、牛津版牛津版八年級八年級 (8B)Unit 2Grammar“have (has) been” and “have (has) gone”express the idea that someone went to some place and has already come back.我叔叔去過美國兩次了。我叔叔去過美國兩次了。My uncle has been to America twice.例如：例如：express the idea that someone went to some place and is still there. 尼克在哪尼克在哪? ? 他去圖書館了。他去圖書館

2、了。 Where is Nick? He has gone to the library.例如：例如：一起來觀察下面的句子并分析總結(jié)它一起來觀察下面的句子并分析總結(jié)它們的用法們的用法! Ive been to America many times. Its really a modern city. Millie has gone to America with her family. I hope they have a great time there.通過分析上面兩個例句通過分析上面兩個例句, 你能得出什么你能得出什么結(jié)論呢結(jié)論呢?_ 表示曾經(jīng)去過某地表示曾經(jīng)去過某地, 已經(jīng)回已經(jīng)回來來

3、; 而而 _表示說話時已經(jīng)去了表示說話時已經(jīng)去了某地某地, 可能在途中可能在途中, 也可能到達(dá)目的地。也可能到達(dá)目的地。have been tohave gone toHave you ever been to the supermarket to buy grapes? Minnie and her father have been to the supermarket to buy grapes twice this month.Minnie and her father have gone to the supermarket to buy grapes. 【區(qū)別二區(qū)別二】通過分析上面三

4、個例句通過分析上面三個例句, 你能得出什么你能得出什么結(jié)論呢結(jié)論呢?含含 _ 的句子中可以加的句子中可以加 once, twice, ever, never等時間狀語等時間狀語; 而含而含 _ 的句子中不能加此類時的句子中不能加此類時間狀語。間狀語。have been tohave gone to綜合分析上面五個例句綜合分析上面五個例句, 你還能得出什么你還能得出什么結(jié)論呢結(jié)論呢?含含 _ 的句子中主語的人稱一的句子中主語的人稱一般為第三人稱形式般為第三人稱形式; 而含而含 _ 的的句子中對主語的人稱沒有限制。句子中對主語的人稱沒有限制。have been tohave gone tohave

5、 (has) been to 曾經(jīng)去過某地曾經(jīng)去過某地(已返已返回回)have (has) gone to 去了某地去了某地(沒有回來沒有回來)A BA BMillie in ThailandDaniel is asking Millie about travelling.Complete their conversation. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Singapore 新加坡新加坡Thailand 泰國泰國Bangkok 曼谷曼谷the Grand Palace 大皇宮大皇宮Pattaya Beach 芭堤雅海灘芭堤雅海

6、灘Daniel: (1)_ you ever _ (be) to Singapore, Millie?Millie: No, but I (2)_ (be) to Thailand with my parents.Daniel: Oh, thats great! (3)_ you _ (visit) the famous Grand Palace in Bangkok?Have beenhave beenHave visitedMillie: Yes, we (4)_ (be) to the Grand Palace. It was wonderful! Look at these photo

7、s.Daniel: Wow! The palace is really wonderful, and you look great in the photos. Have you visited any other interesting places?have beenMillie: We (5)_ also _ (be) to the Pattaya Beach. Look at this one. Isnt it beautiful?Daniel: Yes, the beach is very beautiful. I see Andy was there, too.Millie: Ye

8、s. We (6)_ (go) there with his family.have beenwentDaniel: Really? I (7)_ (not see) him for some time. It seems he (8)_ (not come) back yet.Millie: He and his family (9)_ (go) to Shanghai to visit his grandparents. They will come back tomorrow morning.havent seenhasnt come have goneWhere has Millie

9、been in Thailand?She has been to the Grand Palace and the Pattaya Beach.Verbs with “for”, “since” or “ago”Some verbs, such us come, go and leave, cannot be used with continuous time adverbials, such as for two hours or since last months. To talk about an action that happened at a point in the past,

10、we will have to use ago and the simple past tense.Kitty has left Beijing for two days.Kitty left Beijing two days ago.Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days.Kitty has bought her purse since last year.Kitty bought her purse a year ago.Kitty has had her purse for a year.If we want to express a

11、continuous state, we can use another way like this.VerbsbuyUsed for a continuous statehave (has) hadExampleHe has had this motorcycle for over two years.VerbsborrowUsed for a continuous statehave (has) keptExampleShe has kept this book for nearly three weeks.VerbsarriveUsed for a continuous statehav

12、e (has) been in / atExampleKitty has been in Hong Kong for two days.VerbsleaveUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been awayExampleShe has been away from home for a month.VerbsjoinUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been in / a member ofExampleSimon has been a member of the Football Club since la

13、st year.VerbsdieUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been deadExampleThe lamb has been dead for quite some time.Verbsget marriedUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been marriedExampleThey have been married for more than fifteen years.Verbscome / goUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been in / a

14、tExampleMy cousin has been in Beijing for a month.Verbsbegin / startUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been onExampleThe parade has been on for almost an hour.VerbsstopUsed for a continuous statehave (has) been overExampleThe conference has been over since last Saturday. for和和since都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中都可

15、用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中引導(dǎo)時間狀語引導(dǎo)時間狀語, 其區(qū)別如下：其區(qū)別如下：1)for用來表示某動作或情況持續(xù)了多長時用來表示某動作或情況持續(xù)了多長時 間間, 后接表示后接表示“段時間段時間”的名詞短語。的名詞短語。例例如如: Ive studied English for three years. 我已學(xué)習(xí)了三年英語。我已學(xué)習(xí)了三年英語。 She has been ill for more than a year. 她已經(jīng)病了一年多了。她已經(jīng)病了一年多了。2) since意為意為“自從自從”, 表示持續(xù)的動作或情表示持續(xù)的動作或情況況 開始于什么時候開始于什么時候, 后接表示后接表示“點(diǎn)時間點(diǎn)

16、時間”的的名名 詞或名詞短語。詞或名詞短語。例如：例如： We havent met each other since last year. 自從去年以來自從去年以來, 我們就沒見過面。我們就沒見過面。3) since后可接從句后可接從句, 而而for不能。不能。例如：例如： Ive known her since I came to the city. 從我來到這個城市從我來到這個城市, 我就認(rèn)識她了。我就認(rèn)識她了。注意注意: for和和since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語有時引導(dǎo)的時間狀語有時可可 以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。例如例如: Ive been here since two hours ago,

17、 but nobody comes till now. = Ive been here for two hours, but nobody comes till now. 我在這兒待了兩小時了我在這兒待了兩小時了, 但到現(xiàn)在也沒但到現(xiàn)在也沒 有人來。有人來。 請根據(jù)句意請根據(jù)句意, 用用for或或since填空。填空。1. Mr Smith has lived alone in this house _ two months.2. They havent seen each other _ Polly moved away.3. He has never come to see me _ I

18、was ill in hospital. since forsinceA telephone callMillie and Sandy are talking on the phone. Complete their conversation. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Millie: Hello, Sandy. This is Millie. What are you doing now?Sandy: Im watching an interesting TV programme. It (1)_ (start) at 7

19、p.m. and (2)_ (be) on for half an hour. What are you doing?Millie: Well, Im reading Kittys letter from Hong Kong.startedhas beenSandy: Kitty has written a letter! When (3)_ you _(receive) her letter?Millie: I (4)_ (have) her letter for five days. I (5)_ (receive) it last Sunday. Now Im reading it ag

20、ain.Sandy: She must be very happy now.didreceivehave hadreceivedMillie: Yes, I think so. Sandy, do you want to go to the shopping mall with me tomorrow? I (6)_ (stay) at home for a week!Sandy: That sounds great. Im going to buy a gift for my parents. This Sunday is an important day for them. They (7

21、)_ (be married) for fifteen years.have stayedhave been marriedMillie: Do you mean they will celebrate their fifteen years of marriage this Sunday?Sandy: Yes. Millie: My parents (8)_ (get married) fifteen years ago too.Sandy: Really? Maybe you should buy your parents a gift too. Lets meet at the shopping mall at ten tomorrow morning. See you then.got marriedMillie: OK. Bye.