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1、Section A (1a 1c)How do you go to school ?How do you study for a test ?- I study by listening to the tapes.How do you learn English?- I study by studying with a group.working with friends reading the textbook making word cardsHow do you study for an English test ? I study by . making vocabulary list

2、sreading aloudwatching English-language videoslistening to tapesasking the teacher for help How do you study for an English test ? I study by working with friends.watch an English movietake English classescommunicate with foreigners study with a group surf the Internet.read in the libraryjoin a club

3、How does he/she learn English ? He /She learns byHow do they learn English ? They learn by. “by + 動名詞動名詞”常常表示手段、方常常表示手段、方式或方法，可以用來回答式或方法，可以用來回答how引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。的特殊疑問句。- How do you learn English?- I learn English by watching English movies.Explanation by 的用法的用法 介詞介詞, 表示通過表示通過方法或途徑的意思方法或途徑的意思, 譯成譯成“靠靠, 通

4、過通過”, 后面可加名詞或名詞短語。后面可加名詞或名詞短語。1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火燒毀了。房屋被火燒毀了。2) travel by air /land/sea. 航空（陸路，航海）旅行航空（陸路，航海）旅行3) go by train /boat/ bus 乘火車（船，公共汽車）去乘火車（船，公共汽車）去4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手和某人握手5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通過看英文電影學(xué)英語。我通過看英文電影學(xué)英語。 另外另外, by作為介

5、詞的意義有很多作為介詞的意義有很多, 例如例如: 1）在）在旁邊，靠近旁邊，靠近 There is a power station by the river. 河邊有一個電廠。河邊有一個電廠。 2）沿著，經(jīng)由）沿著，經(jīng)由 come by the highway 由公路由公路來來 3）由于）由于 bymistake 由于差錯由于差錯 4）被，由）被，由 some articles written by Lu Xun一些由魯迅寫的一些由魯迅寫的文章文章 5）表示面積）表示面積 a room 5m by 4m 一間長五米寬四米的房間一間長五米寬四米的房間 6）逐批）逐批 one by one 一個接

6、一個一個接一個 Check ( ) the ways you study for an English test. Then add other ways you sometimes study._a. by working with friends_b. by making word cards_c. by reading the textbook_d. by listening to tapes_e. by asking the teacher for help _1a1a1b1bListen. How do these students study for a test? Write l

7、etters from 1a above. _ 1. Meiping _ 2. Peter _ 3. TonybedI study by makingword cards.1c1cA: How do you study for a test?B: I study by working with a group.現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 (Present Perfect) 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果；或這一動作開現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果；或這一動作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并將繼續(xù)下去。始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并將繼續(xù)下去。構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成

8、：1. 肯定句肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have (has)過去分詞過去分詞”。 注意：該句式中的注意：該句式中的have或或has是助動詞，是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。2. 否定句否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是 “havent（hasnt）過去分詞）過去分詞”。3. 疑問句：疑問句：現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式 是把助動詞是把助動詞have或或has提到主語之前提到主語之前。 回答用回答用Yes, have (has). /No, havent (hasnt).

9、連用時間狀語連用時間狀語：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, several times 等。等。注意：注意：當(dāng)當(dāng)have被用在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中時，被用在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中時，它可以和前面的代名詞一起組成縮寫形式。它可以和前面的代名詞一起組成縮寫形式。我曾經(jīng)到過紐約。我曾經(jīng)到過紐約。Ive been to New York once before. 我剛丟了我的鉛筆盒。我剛丟了我的鉛筆盒。 Ive just lost my pencil-box.注意：注意：never, ever一般置于助動詞一般置于助動詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前之后，過去分詞

10、之前。1. never 從來沒有，從不，表示否定從來沒有，從不，表示否定 He has never seen such a tall building. 他他從未從未見過這么高的樓。見過這么高的樓。2. ever 曾經(jīng)，主要用于疑問句曾經(jīng)，主要用于疑問句 Have you ever wanted to travel around the world? 你你曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)想要周游世界嗎？想要周游世界嗎？HAVE BEEN TO與與HAVE GONE TO 的的區(qū)別區(qū)別 1. have (has) been to意為意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地曾經(jīng)去過某地”，表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳c在那里了?？?/p>

11、與just, ever, never等連用。等連用。如：如：Ive just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。我剛才去郵局了。Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。瑪麗從未去過長城。have (has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。地幾次。Ive been to Beijing three times. 我去過北京三次。我去過北京三次。They have bee

12、n to that village several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。 2. have (has) gone to 意為意為“到某地去了到某地去了”，表，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f話時該示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。如：的主語。如：-Where is Tom? 湯姆在哪里？湯姆在哪里？ - He has gone to the bookshop.他到書店去。他到書店去。同學(xué)們要注意現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別。雖然這兩同學(xué)們

13、要注意現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別。雖然這兩個時態(tài)都和過去發(fā)生的事情有關(guān)，但是個時態(tài)都和過去發(fā)生的事情有關(guān)，但是現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)這強調(diào)這一動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等一動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，而，而一般過去時一般過去時只表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系只表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如：。如：I have just been to London. I went there last month.我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，是上個月去的。我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，是上個月去的。I have been to the science museum many times.

14、I went there on our last summer vocation.我已經(jīng)去了科學(xué)博物館很多次。我已經(jīng)去了科學(xué)博物館很多次。 上個暑假我還去了呢。上個暑假我還去了呢。1. A: Do you want _ (come) to the space museum? B: No, Ive already _ (be) there three times.2. A: Have you _ (see) the robots at the science museum? B: Yes, I _ (go) there last weekend. Put the correct forms of

15、 the verbs in the blanks. (4a)to comebeenseenwent 選擇填空選擇填空1. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower _ tens of thousands of visitors since 1995. A. attracted B. attracts C. has attracted D. will attract 2. They _ since the factory opened. A. has worked here B. have worked here C. worked here D. are working 3. S

16、ince 2000 Nanchang has become a new city. Everything _. A. is changed B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed C B C 4. The house is dirty. We _ it for weeks. A. didnt clean B. hadnt cleaned C. dont clean D. havent cleaned5. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ it twice. A. will see B. have see

17、n C. saw D. seeDB 翻譯翻譯 1. 我叔叔離開上海我叔叔離開上海10天了，他是上星期離天了，他是上星期離開的。開的。 2. 你們太遲了，電影已經(jīng)開始五分鐘了。你們太遲了，電影已經(jīng)開始五分鐘了。 3. - 你到這里多久了？你到這里多久了？- 兩天。兩天。 My uncle has been away from Shanghai for ten days. He left last week. You are too late. The movie has been on for five minutes. - How long have you been here? - Two

18、days.Mr. White came to our school in 2008, and since then he _ us English. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. will teach答案：答案：C【解析解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。從考查動詞時態(tài)。從since then知應(yīng)該用知應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。Do you know _ she went to the movie last night? On foot. A. when B. why C. how答案：答案：C【解析解析】疑問副詞的用法。從答句疑問副詞的用法。從答句On

19、foot可可以看出問句是有關(guān)交通方式的，以看出問句是有關(guān)交通方式的，when表示表示“什么時間什么時間”；why表示表示“為什么為什么”，how表示表示“怎么怎么”，對交通方式提問一般用，對交通方式提問一般用how，因此本題選因此本題選C。 How do you study for a test? - _ working with friends. A. By B. With C. On答案：答案： A【解析解析】本題考查介詞本題考查介詞by的用法。的用法。by意為意為“通通過過方式方式”；with意為意為“和和在一起在一起”；on意為意為“朝朝,向向”.句意句意“你是怎么為考試作準(zhǔn)你是怎么為

20、考試作準(zhǔn)備嗎？備嗎？”“”“通過和朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)。通過和朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)?！敝挥兄挥衎y具具有有“通過通過方式方式”的意思，故選的意思，故選A。I. 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求完成下列各句，每根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求完成下列各句，每空一詞空一詞(含縮寫含縮寫)。1. My parents have come back already. (改為否定句改為否定句) My parents _ _ back _. 2. The boys have been to Japan lots of times. (改為一般疑問句改為一般疑問句)_ the boys _ to Japan lots of times? Have bee

21、n havent comeyet3. Has your sister gone to the bookstore? (作肯定回答作肯定回答)_, she _.4. I have been to the theme park three times. (對劃線部分提問對劃線部分提問)_ _ times have you been to the theme park?5. The movie has been on for half an hour. (對劃線部分提問對劃線部分提問)_ _ has the movie been on? How many Yes hasHow long. 根據(jù)括號中

22、所給動詞的提示完成下列句子根據(jù)括號中所給動詞的提示完成下列句子或?qū)υ?。或?qū)υ挕?. I _ (work) in this city for 7 years. 2. How long _ she _ (live) here? Since she _ (get) a new job here. 3. How many words _ you _ (learn) since two years ago?4. My mother _ never _ (hear) of this man. 5. Tom _(be) to China twice.has livedhave worked / workedgot havelearned / learnthasheardhas beenLearn the new words and expressions by heart.