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1、第16課 八年級(jí)下冊(cè)UNITS 56重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語 1. raise 觀察思考 Students are skating to raise money for charity. 學(xué)生們正在滑冰為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌款。 When you want to ask the teacher for help, you should raise your hand. 當(dāng)你想要向老師請(qǐng)求幫助時(shí)，你應(yīng)該舉手。 The prices are rising all the time. 物價(jià)一直在上漲。歸納拓展raise 及物動(dòng)詞，意為“籌集，舉起，飼養(yǎng)”。其后必須要有賓語。說明主語所做的動(dòng)作是作用于其他事物上的。rai

2、se the money籌款。rise 不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“(某物)舉起，上升”，指主語自身移向較高的位置。sunrise日出。 即學(xué)即用1： (1)The famous movie stars had a concert to money for the earthquake zone. (2)The sun will again tomorrow.raiserise 2. run out of 觀察思考 I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them. 我不得不停止，因?yàn)槲覀円褯]地方儲(chǔ)存它們了。 歸納拓展 run out

3、ofuse up意為“用完，用盡”。 run out of還可意為“從跑出來”。 即學(xué)即用2： ( )He has to buy shampoo now, because he _ last night. A. ran out of it B. ran out it C. used up it D. used up of itA 3. way 觀察思考 People celebrate Halloween in many ways. 人們用很多方式慶祝萬圣節(jié)。 We can organize objects in different ways. 我們可以按不同的方式把事物分類。歸納拓展way

4、本意為“路，道路”。本句中意為“方式，方法”，常與in連用。in many ways 意為“用很多方式”，in different ways 意為“用不同的方式”。相關(guān)短語有：in this way 用這種方法；in the same way 用同樣的方式；by the way 順便問一下；on ones way home 在某人回家的路上；the way to 到的路。 即學(xué)即用3： ( )Do more exercise after class, and _ you will become healthy and strong soon. A. in the way B. in this

5、way C. by the way D. on the wayB重點(diǎn)句型 1. If you go to the party, you will have a great time. 典例體驗(yàn) If it rains, we will stay at home. 如果下雨，我們將呆在家里。 I dont know if he will come. 我不知道他是否會(huì)來。歸納拓展當(dāng)if意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，若主句為一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。當(dāng)if意為“是否”，引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，主句為一般將來時(shí)，從句也用一般將來時(shí)。 即學(xué)即用4： ( )I wonder if Jim _ t

6、o the party next Friday, if he _ , Ill come, too. A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; will come D. will come; comesD 2. If you do, the teacher wont let you in. 典例體驗(yàn) Who broke the window? 誰把窗戶打破了？ John did. 約翰干的。 歸納拓展 do, does, did 可為代動(dòng)詞，代替上文出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語，英語中常用它來避免與前面的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語重復(fù)。 即學(xué)即用5： (1)

7、Dont speak loudly in the library, if you , the librarian will let you . (2)I dont like documentary, but my father .dooutdoes 3. Ive been skating since nine oclock. 典例體驗(yàn) Ive been living here since 2007. 從2007年開始到現(xiàn)在，我住在這兒。 Ive been living here since 5 years ago. 自從五年前開始到現(xiàn)在我住在這兒。 Ive been living here f

8、or 5 years. 我住在這兒已經(jīng)有五年了。歸納拓展have been doing為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示一動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還要繼續(xù)下去，常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。for后接表示一段時(shí)間的詞或短語，如for 5 years。since 后接表示過去某一時(shí)間的詞或詞組(如since last month)，也可接表示過去的句子(如since he came to China)。即for 時(shí)間段；since 時(shí)間點(diǎn)。相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)：it is 時(shí)間段 since 從句(一般過去時(shí)) 自從到現(xiàn)在已有多長時(shí)間了，如：Its ten years since we met.

9、自從我們上次碰面到現(xiàn)在已有10年了。 即學(xué)即用6： ( )(1)China has offered much help to Japan since it _ by the earthquake and tsunami(海嘯). (2011濟(jì)寧) A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit ( )(2)How long have you been collecting the stamps? _ . A. Since three years B. For three years ago C. Since three years ago D. In t

10、hree years ( )(3)It is ten years since he _ his country. A. leaves B. has left C. is leaving D. leftCCD 4. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 典例體驗(yàn) If I were you, Id talk to someone who looks friendly. 如果我是你，我會(huì)與看起來友好的人交談。 If anyone calls, tell him Ill be back at about three oc

11、lock. 如果有人來電話，就說我三點(diǎn)左右回來。 However, no one came to the sale because the weather was so bad. 然而，因?yàn)樘鞖夂茉?，沒人來買東西。 Everyone is sure she will win. 大家都確信她會(huì)贏。歸納拓展someone/somebody意為“某人、一些人”， 常用于肯定句。 anyone/anybody常用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中；在肯定句中意為“任何人、無論誰”。no one/nobody意為“沒人”。everyone/everybody 意為“每個(gè)人，所有人”。 即學(xué)即用7： (1)Mr

12、Li is a kind man. He is ready to help who are in trouble. (2) called you last night, but he didnt leave a message. (3) in this world is perfect. ( )(4)I dont have a present. What if _ else brings a present? A. every one B. anyone C. everyone D. no oneanyone/anybodySomeone/SomebodyNo one /NobodyC 5.

13、.and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style. 典例體驗(yàn) Some of the students are from America. 其中一些學(xué)生來自美國。 One of my friends is from UK. 在我的朋友中，其中一個(gè)來自英國。歸納拓展some of 名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“其中一些”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。one of 名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“其中一個(gè)”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。most of 名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“其中絕大多數(shù)”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 即學(xué)即用8： ( )(1)I hav

14、e lots of stamps. Some of them _ from my friends. A. are B. is C. has D. have ( )(2)One of my favorite novels _ Pride and Prejudice (傲慢與偏見) A. are B. is C. has D. haveAB 6. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 典例體驗(yàn) The more I know him, the more I respect him. 我越了

15、解他，我越尊敬他。 The sooner, the better. 越早越好。 More amd more people go there for vacation. 越來越多的人去那兒度假。 歸納拓展 The 比較級(jí)，the 比較級(jí)意為“越，就越”。 “比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”表示“越來越”。 即學(xué)即用9： ( )(1) _ English magazines you read, _ words you can remember. A. The fewer; the more B. The more; the fewer C. The more; the more D. The fewer; t

16、he fewer ( )(2) _ you exercise, _ you will be. A. The more；the more healthy B. The more; the healthier C. The less；the healthy D. The less；the healthier CB ( )(3) _ people realized that keeping healthy is the most important. A. Many and many B. Fewer and fewer C. More and more D. The more and moreC

17、7. It was very interesting for me to learn that a lot of Jews came to live in Harbin many years ago. 對(duì)我來說，了解到很多年前有很多猶太人來哈爾濱居住是非常有趣的。 典例體驗(yàn) It is hard for me to learn English well. 對(duì)我來說學(xué)好英語很難。 It is nice of you to invite me to your party. 你邀請(qǐng)我參加你的晚會(huì)，你太好了。歸納拓展it is adj.for sb. to do sth. 意為“對(duì)某人來說做某事是”；

18、it is adj.of sb. to do sth. 意為“ 某人做某事，”。注：for sb. 與of sb. 的辨別方法：(1)for sb.句型中的形容詞一般用表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。of sb. 句型中的形容詞一般用表示人物的性格，品德，或表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right 等。 (2)of sb. 句型中sb.為此句的邏輯主語，且此句可轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語的句子，如 It is nice of you to i

19、nvite me to your party.You are nice to invite me to your party.for sb. 句型則不能作此轉(zhuǎn)換。 即學(xué)即用10： (1)It is nice you to help me out of the trouble. (2)It is easy you to learn how to swim.offor易混辨異 1. can, be able to 觀察思考 He could read when he was five years old. 他五歲時(shí)就能看書。 They think that robot will be able t

20、o talk with people in 25 to 50 years. 他們認(rèn)為25到50年后機(jī)器人將能與人對(duì)話。 歸納拓展 在表示“能夠，具備干某件事的能力”方面canbe able to，但can只有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式，表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。be able to可用于所有時(shí)態(tài)。 即學(xué)即用11： (1)We are sure he will be an artist when he grows up. (2) we leave school after 6 00 pm? No, you have to leave school before 5 30 pm.be able

21、toCan 2. interest, interested, interesting 觀察思考 The boy takes an interest in drawing. The boy is interested in drawing. 這孩子對(duì)畫畫很感興趣。 He told me an interesting story. 他告訴我一個(gè)有趣的故事。歸納拓展interest 名詞，意為“興趣”，相關(guān)短語：a place of interest 名勝古跡；動(dòng)詞，意為“使感興趣”。interested 形容詞，意為“感興趣的”，相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)：be interested inhave/take an

22、interest in對(duì)感興趣。interesting 形容詞，意為“有趣的，令人感興趣的”，表示某物本身是有趣的。 即學(xué)即用12： ( )(1)The little girl was _ in the _ toys. A. interested; interesting B . interesting; interested C. interest; interesting D. interested; interest ( )(2)The students always spend time on the subjects that _ them. A. interest B. inter

23、ests C. interested D. interestingAA 3. whole, all 觀察思考 I really want to know the whole story. 我真地很想知道整個(gè)故事。 Miss Green knew all the students in the class. 格林小姐認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)班上的所有學(xué)生。歸納拓展whole用來修飾可數(shù)名詞(名詞用單數(shù)), 強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)完整如一、互不分割的整體。whole在句中的位置是放在所有格、冠詞和指示代詞之后。all既能修飾可數(shù)名詞(名詞須用復(fù)數(shù))，又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞， 強(qiáng)調(diào)由一個(gè)個(gè)部分組成的“全部”。all在句中的位置是放在

24、所有格、定冠詞和指示代詞之前。 即學(xué)即用13： (1)They will spend their holiday in Canada. 他們將到加拿大渡過整個(gè)假期。 (2)Jim finished his homework in an hour. 吉姆在一個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)完成了所有的作業(yè)。wholeall對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練. 用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 allletraiseforable 1. Its important us to make a plan at the beginning of the new term. 2. Dont the children play near the lake.

25、3. of the students are having a test in the classroom. 4. They are money for the sick boy. 5. Will he be to play guitar in the talent show next week? forletAllraisingable . 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. I can stay and help you _ you like. So nice of you, Bill. (2011麗水) A. until B. though C. if D. and 解析：考查連詞。句意：如果你喜歡我

26、可以留下來幫你。C ( )2. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow? I think she will come to school if she _ free. (2011濱州) A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will be 解析：考查if的不同用法。第一個(gè)if意為“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語 從句一般將來時(shí)用will動(dòng)詞原形；第二

27、個(gè)if意為“如果” 引導(dǎo)的從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。C ( )3. One of my friends _ moved to America. I miss her so much. (2011衢州) A. has B. have C. is D. are 解析：one為主語，故謂語動(dòng)詞須用單數(shù)形式。A ( )4. The more you smile, the _ you will feel. (2011重慶) A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily 解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文the more，可判斷此處用 比較級(jí)，且feel為系動(dòng)詞，后接

28、形容詞。B ( )5. As middle school students, we should study hard for the future. I think so. _ we study, _ future well have. A. The hard; the good B. The harder; the better C. The hardest; the best D. The harder; the good 解析：考查形容詞。the比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí)意 為“越，越?！盉 ( )6. Janes edictionary is _ in our class. A. one

29、of best one B . one of the best ones C. one of better one D. one of the better ones 解析：考查固定句式。one of the形容詞最高級(jí)名詞 復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“最之一”。B ( )7. Lets buy some cards for our teachers on Teachers Day. Why not make some by hand? Its much _. A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. interest 解析

30、：考查比較級(jí)。much修飾比較級(jí)。B ( )8. Put it down, Tom. You mustnt read _ letter. A . else anyones B. anyones else C. anyone elses D. anyone else 解析：考查所有格。else修飾不定代詞，須置于其后； 所有格的表達(dá)應(yīng)在else后加s。C ( )9. Its very kind _ you _ out the problem for me. Thats all right. A. for; to work B. for; working C. of; to work D. of;

31、 working 解析：考查固定句式。its(表品質(zhì)的)形容詞of sb. to do sth.C ( )10. How long do you suppose it is _ she left for America? No more than half a mouth. A . when B. since C. before D. after 解析：考查連詞。句意：你認(rèn)為自從她離開美國到現(xiàn)在 為止有多久了？ “since自從”符合題意。B ( )11. This desk is too heavy. I _ move it. Could you help me? No problem. A

32、. can B. cant C. should D. shouldnt 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。上文：桌子太重了。判斷我不能 移動(dòng)它?！癱ant不能”符合題意。B ( )12. Who jumps the longest in your class? Jack _. A. do B. did C. does D. has done 解析：考查助動(dòng)詞。上文中關(guān)鍵詞jumps，可判斷此處用does。C寫作訓(xùn)練 感悟提高 (2010 重慶)在和諧社會(huì)里，人與人之間的互幫互助已構(gòu)成我們生活中的重要組成部分。下周英國友好學(xué)校將來你校訪問，你校英語俱樂部將舉行一次以“Helping Each Other Ma

33、kes the World Wonderful”為主題的英語演講比賽。假如李智要參加演講比賽，請(qǐng)你以“李智”的名義用英語寫一篇演講稿。 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)提示： 1. 幫助同學(xué)友誼； 2幫助老人幸福； 3幫助病人快樂； 4幫助別人體會(huì) 要求： 1. 詞數(shù)：80詞左右。正文開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2. 文中不能出現(xiàn)自己的姓名和所在學(xué)校的名稱。 Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful Hello, everyone. Im Li Zhi. Its nice to speak about help here. _ _ _ Thank you for

34、your listening! 思路點(diǎn)撥 這是一篇關(guān)于互助的演講稿?？捎谩翱偡挚偂表樞騺肀硎?。 可先總寫：在生活中互助的現(xiàn)象到處可見；再根據(jù)提示寫出幫助別人的收獲；最后寫出幫助的意義。 參考短語及句式 in our life, get.from., help.with., give a hand to., the meaning of pleasure the saying “ Giving is much better than receiving.” I think. Helping others is. When we., we can. If we., we.參考答案 Hello, e

35、veryone. Im Li Zhi. Its nice to speak about help here. In our life we often help others and also get help from others. When we help our classmates with their study and other things, we can develop our friendship. If we give a hand to old people, we can understand the meaning of pleasure. As we know, patients need help most. When we help them, happiness comes to us. Helping others is especially important in our life. I think we can get much when we help the people around us. As the saying goes, “ Giving is much better than receiving.” Thank you for your listening!完成考點(diǎn)跟蹤訓(xùn)練 16