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2019-2020年高考英語一輪 語法專題13 代詞01 譯林牛津版 高考預(yù)練、 一 單選 1.Duncan, ________NBA star ,is one of _________ few basketball players who are very popular to many of his Chinese fans. A. an ; the B. an ; a C. the ; the D. the ; a 2. I think you should go back to your _________plan, which is much more practical than the present one. A. typical B. original C. abstract D. contrary 3. He has little acquaintance _________music, while he has a wide knowledge ________ painting. A. with ; of B. of ; about C. with ; about D. of ; of 4. The Ministry of Education demanded many a measure________ in schools after the new school year began. A. take B. takes C. is taken D. be taken 5. The terrible train crash in Wenzhou has shaken the country, not only causing the loss of lives, but also ___________ people __________confidence in the rail system. A. made ; losing B. make; lost C. making; lose D. making; to lose 6. In Britain today women ________44% of the workforce , and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work. A. hold up B. build up C. account for D. consist of 7.The girl dressed in the latest Paris fashion is ____________ in her appearance but rude in her speech. A. evident B. considerate C. elegant D. innocent 8.___________ there is no restriction on foreign entries at the film festival, those that win are in the minority. A. Unless B. When C. Where D. While 9. The book is __________ but boring ; it is , in fact, rather exciting and fascinating. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. all 10. ---What is the meaning of the saying “Whenever you fall , pick something up’’? ---It tells us to ________hope even when ing across failure; try to learn something valuable from it. A. look for B. call for C. take up D. give up 11. The best way to make a kid be independent is to put him in a position __________ he has no one else to refer to. A. that B. what C. where D. which 12.--- They say Tom’s brother is a billionaire. ----____________ He wouldn’t accept any help from his brother, even though it was offered. A. what if ? B. What for ? C. so what? D. Forget it ! 13.---I should have spent more time on English , otherwise I wouldn’t have failed the exam. -----You are right. ____________. A. Where there is a will , there is a way B. One without wisdom is more unfortunate than without money C. No pains , no gains D. Goals determine what you are going to be 14.Not until I came home last night ___________to bed. A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went 15.___________ will bee more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. A. what B which C. That D.It 參考答案 單選 1-5ＡＢＡＤＣ 6-10ＣＣＤＡＡ 11-15ＣＣＣＢＤ 代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞和不定代詞八種。 考點(diǎn)一　替代詞it；one；that；those；ones 1．it特指上文所提到的同一個物，它所代替的名詞常由the，this，that等修飾。 one泛指上文提到的同類事物中的一個，不特指，相當(dāng)于a/an＋單數(shù)名詞；ones泛指上文提到的同類事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞；the one特指前面的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，有時用that來代替（尤其是后面有后置定語時）；the ones特指上文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有時可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定語的情況下。 that特指前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于“the＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”；that 的復(fù)數(shù)形式為those，替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，可指人也可指物。 Yesterday I lost my pen and I couldnt find it.So I had to buy one.昨天我把鋼筆弄丟了，并且我沒有找到它，因此我不得不買一支。 Mr Li gave me many valuable presents，ones（many presents）that I had never seen. 李先生給了我許多珍貴的禮物，這些是我從來沒見過的。 The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.桌上的那些書比桌下的那些好。 2．that和one在多數(shù)情況下是不能互換的，主要區(qū)別在于：that既可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，也可代替不可數(shù)名詞，常有后置定語，一般不指人，復(fù)數(shù)形式為those；one只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有形容詞修飾時，只能用one，不用that。當(dāng)of短語作可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的后置定語時，用that，不用one。 The best cigarettes are those from Yunnan. 最好的香煙是來自云南的那些。 The boy told me his story and that of the old man next door. 這個男孩兒告訴了我他的故事，還有他隔壁老人的故事。 Your coat is blue，and my new one is red. 你的上衣是藍(lán)色的，我的新上衣是紅色的。 考點(diǎn)二　it 的用法 1．指代作用。代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物（單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞）或整個句子；可以代指環(huán)境、情形等也可代指度量衡單位、時間、距離、季節(jié)、天氣及自然現(xiàn)象。 Although we cannot see it，there is air all around us. It is said that he has gone to Beijing，but it isnt true. I cant stand it any longer. It doesnt matter. Its getting colder and colder now. 2．形式作用。用作形式主語和形式賓語，而把真正的作主語或賓語的不定式、動名詞或從句放在后面。 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水難收。 You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious. 你必須讓他們弄清楚形勢嚴(yán)峻。 注意： 常用it作形式賓語的謂語動詞有appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make（按時到達(dá)，成功）等，后接由if或when等引導(dǎo)的從句時，往往在從句前加形式賓語it。 I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. 如果你能付現(xiàn)金，我將不勝感激。 The boy likes it when you do that. 這個男孩兒喜歡你那樣做。 3．強(qiáng)調(diào)作用 it可以用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，使句子的某一成分得到強(qiáng)調(diào)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/was＋所強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分＋that/who＋其他成分。 It was on the street that I met Tom. 我就是在街上看到湯姆的。 考點(diǎn)三　all，both，either，neither，each，none的用法比較 1．both（兩者都），either（兩者中的任何一個），neither（兩者都不）。以上這些詞使用范圍為兩者。 Neither of the two boys is clever. 2．both與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，either與單數(shù)名詞連用。 There are flowers on both sides of the street. There are flowers on either side of the street. 3．a(chǎn)ll（所有的，全部的人或物），any（任何一個），none（都不）。 以上詞使用范圍為三者或三者以上。 All the students in my class like our teachers. 4．a(chǎn)ll和both與not 連用表示部分否定；none以及not...any表示全部否定。 All the students dont like rock music. 并不是所有的學(xué)生都喜歡搖滾音樂。 5．each可指兩者，也可指兩者以上。 They each have a car. 考點(diǎn)四　no，none，nothing，nobody的用法比較 1．no不能單獨(dú)使用，相當(dāng)于not a或not any，作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。 He has no worry about safety. 2．none既可以指人，也可以指物，側(cè)重指三者或三者以上的人或物，可與介詞of連用，用于回答how many/much引導(dǎo)的疑問句。 —How many people are there in the room? —None. 3．nobody指人，用于回答who引導(dǎo)的疑問句；nothing指物，用于回答what引導(dǎo)的疑問句。 —What are you doing? —Nothing. 考點(diǎn)五　another，other，the other，others的用法比較 1．a(chǎn)nother既可以單獨(dú)使用，也可以用于單數(shù)名詞前，泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一個人或物”。還可以用于“another＋數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中，表示”再，又”。 You have to wait for another three weeks. 你必須等另外的三周。 2．other 可用作形容詞，意思為“別的，其他的”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”。 You can ask other people to help you. 你可以讓其他人來幫助你。 3．the other指兩個人或物中的一個，不能用another，此時other作代詞使用。 The old man has two sons.One is a teacher；the other is a doctor. 4．the other 后可接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不接不可數(shù)名詞。此時other 作為形容詞。 On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree. He is taller than the other students in his class. 5．others 是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“另外幾個”“其他的”。others不能作定語，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，相當(dāng)于“other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”；the others相當(dāng)于“the other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，指剩下的全部。 Some of them are singing；others are dancing. Two students in our class failed，but all the others passed the exam. 考點(diǎn)六　部分否定與全部否定 all，both，everyone，everybody，everything以及“every＋名詞”都表示全部肯定。 none，no one，nobody，nothing，neither，not any 以及no＋名詞均表示全部否定； 但當(dāng)not 與表示全部肯定的不定代詞連用時，表示部分否定，不管not的位置在其前還是其后。 Such a person cant be found everywhere. 這種人并非隨處可見。 None of them smoke. 他們都不吸煙。 考點(diǎn)七　與復(fù)合不定代詞構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣搭配 nothing but 只不過 anything but絕不 or something……之類的人（東西、情況等） something of 有點(diǎn)兒……；在某種程度上是 or anything 或是其他別的事 nothing to do with 和……沒關(guān)系 for nothing免費(fèi)；白白地；白費(fèi)；無緣無故地 He is anything but a doctor.他絕不是一名醫(yī)生。 Hes something of a liar. 他有點(diǎn)兒在說謊。 They will repair the building for the old man for nothing. 他們將會為這位老人免費(fèi)維修樓房。