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2019中考英語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)歸納+練習(xí) 常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞不定式詞組、句型用法總結(jié) .固定用法(非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)： 一．以下是帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式常見(jiàn)搭配 ★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★決定做某事decide to do sth. ★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth. ★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do ★準(zhǔn)備做某事get/be ready to do ★盡力/努力做某事try to do sth ★計(jì)劃做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do ★輪流做某事take one’s turns to do sth. ★拒絕做某事refuse to do sth. ★告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. to do sth. ★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth. ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. ★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth. ★喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. ★幫助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do ★encourage sb to do 鼓勵(lì)某人做 ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 ★ It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時(shí)候了 ★ ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……（當(dāng)adj.是表示性格、品德的形容詞時(shí)用of） 例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. ★ It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時(shí)間 例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. ★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能 例: He was too angry to say a word. ★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感到做某事是… 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well. ★序數(shù)詞+to do 第…..個(gè)做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there? ★我不知/忘記了怎么辦。I didnt know/forgot what to do. ★ 離開(kāi)房間時(shí)不要忘記/記住關(guān)燈 例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room ★ be+adj+to do sth 例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others. 順口溜： 本領(lǐng)最多不定式，主表定補(bǔ)賓和狀； 樣樣成分都能干，只有謂語(yǔ)它不敢； 大家千萬(wàn)要小心，有時(shí)它把句型改； 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用it，自己在后把身藏； 七個(gè)感官三使役，賓補(bǔ)要把to甩開(kāi)； 疑問(wèn)詞后接上它，賓語(yǔ)從句可充當(dāng)； 邏輯主語(yǔ)不定式，不定式前加for sb.； to前not是否定，各種用法區(qū)別開(kāi)。 二．以下是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)的常見(jiàn)用法 ★ let sb. do sth讓某人做某事 ★ make do sth使得某人做某事 ★ hear sb do sth聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事 ★see sb do sth看見(jiàn)某人做某事 ★ why not 或why don’t you +動(dòng)詞原形？為什么不….?（表示建議） 例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk? ★ 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事 ★ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may /must /should+ 動(dòng)詞原形（包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞原形） ★ 助動(dòng)詞do/does/did/will/would在構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句或者構(gòu)成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ★ be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形（表示“即將”“打算” 做某事） ★ 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞+不帶的to的動(dòng)詞不定式 　　說(shuō)明：用于本句型的動(dòng)詞不定式有兩類：一是感官動(dòng)詞see， find， hear， notice， watch， smell， observe， look at， listen to等;二是某些使役動(dòng)詞，如let， make， have等。 　　例：a)I‘ve never known him tell lies.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)他說(shuō)謊。 　　b)Mother let me go to camp.母親讓我去參加露營(yíng)。 三．只能是doing sth 1、 enjoy doing sth[]享受做某事 2、 finish doing sth[]結(jié)束做某事 3、 practice doing sth[]練習(xí)做某事 4、 mind doing sth []介意某事 5、 be busy doing sth []忙于做某事 6、 have fun doing sth []很開(kāi)心做某事 7、 have problems doing sth []有問(wèn)題做某事 8、 have difficulties doing sth []有困難做某事 9、 have trouble doing sth[]有麻煩做某事 10、 spend some time doing sth []花時(shí)間做某事 11、 prefer doing sth to doing sth []更喜歡做某事 12、 be used to doing sth []習(xí)慣于做某事 13、 look forward to doing sth []盼望做某事 14、 be interested in doing sth []有興趣做某事 四．只能是to do sth 15、 want to do sth []想要 16、 would like to do []愿意 17、 agree to do []同意 18、 refuse to do []拒絕 19、 decide to do []決定 20、 plan to do[]計(jì)劃 21、 expect to do[]期望 22、 hope to do[]希望 23、 wish to do[]但愿 五．to do doing 均可，但意思不一樣 24、 like to do sth[]喜歡馬上去做某事 25、 like doing sth []平常喜歡做某事 26、 prefer to do sth []更喜歡馬上去做某事 27、 prefer doing sth []平常更喜歡做某事 28、 hate to do []不喜歡馬上去做某事 29、 hate doing sth[]平常不喜歡做某事 30、 try to do sth []盡力去做某事 31、 try doing sth []試著去做某事 32、 remember to do sth []記得去做某事 33、 remember doing sth []記得做過(guò)某事 34、 forget to do sth []忘記去做某事 35、 forget doing sth []忘記做過(guò)某事 36、 stop to do sth []停下來(lái)去做某事 37、 stop doing sth []停下正做的事 六．V+sb+to do sth結(jié)構(gòu) 38、 would like sb to do sth[]愿意某人去做某事 39、 like sb to do sth[]喜歡某人去做某事 40、 want sb to do sth []想要某人去做某事 41、 wish sb to do sth []但愿某人去做某事 42、 expect sb to do sth []期盼某人去做某事 43、 prefer sb to do sth []更喜歡某人去做某事 44、 allow sb to do sth []同意某人去做某事 45、 encourage sb to do sth []鼓勵(lì)某人去做某事 46、 advise sb to do sth []建議某人去做某事 47、 ask sb to do sth []要求某人去做某事 48、 tell sb to do sth []告訴某人去做某事 49、 get sb to do sth[]使得某人去做某事 50、 invite sb to do sth []邀請(qǐng)某人去做某事 一、單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. Would you please tell me _______ next? A. A. how to do　　B. what to do　C. what do I do　D. how I should do 2. The girl wasnt _______ to lift that bookcase. A. A. too strong　　B. enough strong　C. strong enough　D. so strong 3. For a time his grandmother found _______ accept his new idea. A. A. hard　　 B. it hard　　 C. it hard to　　 D. it is hard to 4. As she has never been there before, Ill have someone _______ her the way. A. A. show　　 B. to show　　C. showing　D. showed 5. You _______ drive slowly. The roads are wet. A. A. had rather　　 B. would rather　C. had better　　D. would better 6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _______ his country. A. turn against　　B. to turn against　C. to turn to　　 D. turn to 7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor _______ a job. A. A. find　　 B. to find　　 C. look　　 D. to look for 8. When learning a foreign language, try our best _______ the spirit of it. A. A. master　　 B. hold　　 C. take hold of　 D. to master 9. It was foolish _______ his car unlocked. A. for him to leave　B. of him to leave　C. for him leave　D. him to leave 10. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back　　B. put back　C. to put back　　D. will put back 11. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _______ in front of his soldiers. A. hear　　　　　B. be heard　 　C. listen　　　　 D. be listened to 12. Television and radio _______ to know what is going on all over the world. A. made it possible of us　 　B. have made us possible C. have made it possible for us　D. have made it be possible for us 13. .I have enjoyed my visit here. Ill be very sorry _______. A. for leaving　　 B. to leave 　C. if leaving　　　D. to have left 14. I dont see how I could possible manage _______ the work without _______. A. to finish; helping　　　 　B. to finish; being helped C. finishing; helping　　　 　D. finishing; being helped 15. We all think it most foolish _______ this mistake. A. for you making 　B. of you to make　C. you to make　D. for you to make 16. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _______. A. a good place which to be lived in　B. a good place to live C. a good place to live in　 D. a good place to live for 17. — You were lost on your way to the lake, werent you? — Yes, we were and had to stop _______ the way. A. asking　　B. to ask　　 C. asked　&n 166 bsp; D. to be asked 18. She felt it a great shame _______ so severely in the presence of her boy friend. A. to criticize 　 B. to have criticized　 C. to be criticized D. to have been criticized 19. The advertisements are trying _______ people to buy things they dont really need. A. persuade　　 B. persuading C. be persuading　D. to persuade 20. If you were much younger, I would arrange _______ as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work. A. for you to workB. of you to work　C. for you work 　D. you work 21. On our way back home, we _______ lunch because we felt hungry. A. stopped to haveB. stop to have　C. stopped having　D. stoped to have 22. I did nothing but _______ my lessons last Sunday. A. go over　　B. to go over　　 C. went over　　D. go on 23. Id prefer _______ home rather than _______ a walk. A. to stay; to take　B. stay; to take　C. to stay; take　　D. stay; take 24. He was so foolish _______ his car unlocked. A. to leave　　 B. that leave　 C. as to leaveD. for him to leave 25. Your flat needs _______. Do you want me _______ it for you? A. to clean; to do　 B. cleaning; doing　C. cleaning; to do D. to be cleaned; doing 26. What the scientist said greatly encouraged us _______ the experiment again, but his secretarys words discouraged us _______ the experiment any more. A. to try; to do　　 B. to try; from doing　 C. for trying; from doing　 D. trying; to do 27. _______ water before breakfast seemed to them a rule never _______. A. To get; breaks　 B. To get; to break　 C. Getting; breaks　 D. Get; to break 28. The patient was warned _______ oily food after operation. A. to eat not　　 B. eating not　　 C. not to eat　　 D. not eating 29. "Do you have any clothes _______ today, Sir?" asked the maid politely. A. wash　B. to be washed　　C. to wash　D. to be washing 30. Mr. Green has never smoked any more since his wife _______ him _______. A. suggested; to give it up 　B. persuaded; to give up it C. advised; to give it up 　D. persuaded; to give it up　 31. No one enjoys _______ at. A. laughing　 B. to laugh C. being laughed　 D. to be laughed 32. You must do something to prevent your house _______. A. to be broken in 　 B. from being broken in C. to break in　　　　 D. from breaking in 33. They insisted on _______ another chance to try. A. given　　　 B. giving　　 C. being given　 D. to be given 34. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here. --- You shouldnt have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time. A. to put；to take　　 B. putting；taking C. putting；to take　 D. to put；taking 35. His room needs _______, so he must have it _______. A. painting；painted　 B. painted；painting C. painting；painting　 D. painted；painted 36. After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents. A. write　　　 B. writing　　 C. wrote　　 D. to write 37. The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care. A. looking after　　　 B. to look after C. to be looked after　 D. taken good care of 38. Only _______ English doesnt mean _______ the language. A. to learn；to learn B. learning；learning C. learning about；learn D. learning about；learning 39. She returned home only to find the door open and something _______. A. missed　　 B. to be missing C. missing　　 D. to be missed 40. She decided to devote herself _______ the problem of old age. A. to study 　 B. studying C. to studying D. study 41. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back 　 D. be put back 42. As she is looking forward to _______ from me, please remember _______ this letter on your way to school. A. hear；post　　　　　　 B. hearing；to post C. be heard；posting 　 D. be hearing；to posting 43. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______ your handwriting. A. to read　　　 B. to see　　　 C. reading　　 　 C. in seeing 44. Writing stories and articles _______ what I enjoy most. A. is　　　 B. are　　　 C. was　　　 D. were 45. We appreciate _______ us to the ball. A. them to invite　B. to invite C. their inviting　 D. being invited 46. Would you mind _______ quiet for a moment? Im trying _______ a form. A. keeping；filling out B. to keep；to fill out C. keeping；to fill out D. to keep；filling out 47. He was afraid _______ for being late. A. of seeing　　 B. of being seen C. to be seen　 D. to have seen 48. Id like to suggest _______ the meeting till next week. A. to put off 　 B. putting off C. put off 　D. to be put off 49. .I dont see how I could possibly manage _______ the work without _______. A. finish；helping B. to finish；being helped C. finishing；helping D. finishing；being helped 50. Anything worth _______ is worthy of _______ well. A. doing；being done B. doing；doing C. to be done；to be done D. to be done；being done 51. We advised them to take a re 159 st, but they insisted _______ the work. A. finish　　　 B. to finish　 C. in finishing D. on finishing 52. I delayed _______ your letter because I had been away for a week. A. answer　　　 B. answering　　　 C. writing　　　 D. to post 53. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _______ by the police. A. to be caught　　 B. be caught C. being caught 　 D. catching 54. I searched for my wallet and it wasnt there. At first, I thought I _______ it at home. Then I remembered _______ it out to pay for the taxi. A. must have left；to take B. may leave；taking C. might leave；to take D. could have left；taking 55. _______ the news of his fathers death, he burst into tears. A. After hearing 　 B. On hearing C. While hearing　 D. Having heard 56. _______ his mother, the baby could not help _______. A. To see；to laugh　 B. Seeing；to laugh C. Seeing；laughing　 D. To see；laughing 57. Its no use _______ so much money on clothes. A. spend　　　 B. spent　　 C. spending　　 D. being spent 58. The sentence needs _______. A. improve　　B. a improvement C. improving D. improved 59. If he succeeded _______ a job, his children wouldnt be suffering from hunger 　now. A. to find　　 B. to look for C. in finding　 D. in looking for 60. I still remember _______ to my home town when I was young. A. taking　　　B. taken　 　C. being taken D. to take　 專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題參考答案 一、1.B　 2.C　 3.C　 4.A　 5.C　 6.A　 7.B　 8.D　 9.B　 10.C　 11.B　 12.C　 13.B　 14.B　 15.B　 16.C　 17.B　 18.C　 19.D　 20.A　 21.A　 22.A　 23.C　 24.C　 25.C　 26.B　 27.B　 28.C　 29.B　 30.D　31.C　 32.B　 33.C　 34.C　 35.A　 36.D　 37.A　 38.D　 39.C　 40.C　 41.C　42.B　43.C　44.A　45.C　46.C　47.B　48.B　49.B　50.A　 51.D　52.B　53.C　54.D　55.B　56.C　57.C　58.C　59.C　60.C