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1、 Design and Experiment of 4YQZ-3A Combine Harvester for Corn Zhang Xirui Dong Youfu Zhang Daolin (School of Mechanics and Electrics Engineering Hainan University Danzhou, China zhangxirui_999@) Abstract—Due to the problem of the low retrieving rate of straw while harvesting, fodd

2、er went sort in stock raising and to overcome the practical problem of corn harvester reaping both corn stalk and spike while in operation, 4YQZ-3A combine harvester was designed, analyzed and the parameters of key components were pointed out for better gripping delivery mechanism, vertical picking

3、and chopping cutter, helicinae and throwing apparatus.During the corn harvesting season, numerous performance testing and the production assessment were carried out in the field. Results achieved from the experiment indicate that the whole machine has better performance and can accomplish reaping bo

4、th corn stalk and spike well. Keywords- corn harvester; picking and threshing harvester; design; Experiment 1.introduction Corn is China's second-largest food crop, occupies an important position in food production[1]. Maize straw contains a lot of crude protein, crude fat and fiber nutrient comp

5、onent, etc. Thus it is one of the most perfect forage of high quality in animal husbandry.The national annual production of corn straw is about 60,000 tons, which is a huge potential forage source [4].Corn harvester reaping both corn stalk and spike can complete the harvest of corn ear and stalks wi

6、thin one time, so it has significant economic, social and eco- system efficiency [5-6]. At present, corn harvester reaping both corn stalk and spike still develops very slow, and the domestic model mainly are hanging type. Because of underpowered, low production efficiency and straw cleanness, it ha

7、s not been rapidly promoted [7-8].Foreign models are mainly Ukrainian KCKY-6 Corn harvest machine and Corn Star series united harvest machine developed by Kempe Co. in German, due to untidy stubble height and higher price, this type of air-craft is not suitable for China's national conditions [9-11]

8、. Foundation item: Public beneficial(agriculture)Science research fund issue(200903059-04) On the basis of the "tenth-five" national research tackle key problems in science and technology research, in this article 4YQZ-3A combine harvester was designed, which combines existing corn harvest and cor

9、n silage mechanization technique and improves the design and optimizes the combination for each working device. During the of harvest corn ear, the 4YQZ-3A combine harvester can also complete cutting, conveying, chopping collection and root crop broken tasks and so on; With the popularization and ap

10、pli-cation of this technique , we can solve the problem of corn straw recovery and reduce the waste of straw resources and improve the environment and soil pollution caused by straw burning. There into, the straw recovery can provide high quality feed for livestock and reduce the excessive dependenc

11、e on pasture, so this technique has important practical significance to our country's increasingly developing animal husbandry and related industries. 2. Overall Institutions and Main Technical Indicators 2.1. Whole Structure and Work Principle As shown in figure 1, 4YQZ-3A combine harvester for

12、corn is mainly made up of gripping delivery mechanism, spike picking device, stem shredding mechanism, cast cylinder, spike collecting box, stem crushing box, counters-field device and helicinae and delivery apparatus of stalks, etc. This machine can once completed the picking, rising and transporta

13、tion, setting into the box, stalks cutting, conveying, chopping, throwing and collection and root crop crushing of corn grain. While the machinesk is operating, nearside divider subdivided maize plants, reciprocating cutter cut the plants, clamping chain clamps maize plants of which root is sundered

14、 and then convey them to vertical spike-picking roller to pick off the ear, the corn ear are conveyed to the spike collecting box by the delivery mechanism; Stalks are chopped by vertical hob behind the stem pulling roller , and then are casted by casting device to stem crushing box; and corn root a

15、re broken by counters-field device. 2.2. Technology Index of the Machine According to the requirements of the chopping and ensiling craft of the corn stalks and the function characteristics of the prototype requirements, The main technical parameters are determined as is shown in Table 1. Table 1

16、. The main technical parameters of 4YQZ-3A combine harvester Parameters Numerical value Parameters Numerical value Boundary dimension (length×width×height)/mm 7100×2500×3600 Minimum ground clearance/mm 210 Entire machine weight/kg 5090 Revolving speed of spike Picking roller/r?min-

17、1 1080 Mating Power/kW 88.2 Revolving speed of Stalkschopping machine/r?min-1 2100 Number of Harvest rows/row 3 Forward speed of the havester/km?h-1 1.3~3.5 Adapted line spacing/mm 500~800 Theoretical productivity/ hm2?h-1 0.638 Figure 1.4YQZ - 3 of maize united ha

18、rvest machine structure schematic drawing 3. Main Working Parts Design 3.1 Gripping Delivery Mechanism As figure 2 shows, gripping delivery mechanism are mainly made of positivefeeding chain, passive sprocket, tension device, clamping board, conveying chain and drive sprocket,etc. When the machin

19、e are working, milpa are devided and lifted up by nearsidedivider, and then drive sprocket are driven by passive sprocket and force feeding chain to run, so as to turn milpa to gripping delivery chains, In the meanwhile, cutterbar cut off the maize plants, the broken plants conveying chain and conve

20、ying dial gripping under the common function of bluegrass chain conveyor back into pick spike roller; Tension device is used to adjust the tensioner degree of the conveyor chain so as to make the clamping stalks of clamping conveying chain more stable and reliable. 3.1.1. Positivefeed Chain Positi

21、vefeed chain is located below the nearsidedivider ,dedicated to cooperating with it to force-feed the corn plants with different Line spacing. The selection of the speed of positivefeeding chain have a great effect on plants clamping transmission. Excessive speed will make plants clamping feeding wi

22、thin the same lines, causing the phenomenon such as stem being cut off or jamed occur; however, the low speed may make the function of Feeding chain disapper. Figure 2. Shetch of gripping delivery mechanism 1.positivefeeding chain 2. Passive sprocket 3. Tensioningdevise 4. Gripping board 5. Co

23、nveyor chain Theoretically, the speed of the positivefeeding chain, the level points speed should be equal to , ,the marching speed of the machine , but in actual work process, the influence factors of the speed of positivefeeding chain include: m v_ , thefront rake of positivefeeding chain, _ , ap

24、erture has forcedfeeding speed chain of Angle, before, and conditions, etc.In order not to make the machine push down the stem when it ismarching, the level points speed of the positivefeeding chain should be greater than ,the marching speed of the machine. Figure 3. Velocity decomposition of con

25、veying chain 3.1.2 Gripping Delivery Chain While Gripping conveying chain is working, it is necessaryto ensure that the cutted plants are transported to spike pickingroller timely and reliable, and maintained a certain distance between the transported plants, to make spike picking roller load even

26、ly.During Work, select maize plants to make velocity analysis in dot o in gripping chain, just as fig. 3shows.w v , its absolute velocity is induced as follows: (1) (2) Where: the speed of gripping chain ; And by:

27、 (3) By type (2) and (3) we know that: (4) Known by Type (4) ,While ,the absolute velocity,,point in the direction of clamping chain (bacward) and make Angle with horizontal line; While, Absolute speed and stalks will move fo

28、rward a certain angle, which will go against conveying the corn plants smoothly. Combined with the performance testing of gripping conveying in the field , when the size of belongs to 10°?20°，，this is the best situation. 3.2 Vertical Picking and Chopping Cutter Vertical picking and chopping cutter

29、 is a critical component of picking both spike and stem , as shown In figure 4 , this device is mainlymade up of a Vertical spike picking roller, fixed knife, moving knife, Chopping cylinder.etc.. Figure 4. Vertical picking and chopping cutter 1.Vertical spike picking roller 2.Vertical stem pull

30、ing roller 3.Moving blade 4.The fixed knife 5.Chopping cylinder 3.2.1 The Scheme of Power Drive The Scheme of Power Drive of Vertical picking and chopping cutter is shown in figure 5 .When it works, power driven by engine slow down to the input axis of chopped gearbox through the pulleys and doub

31、le sprocket , the power drive shredding mechanism to run through a set of bevel gear; left behind the chop gearbox there are a group of driving chain (chainwheel of middle size and large size) transmit the power to spike picking chopped gearbox and then divide the power to stem pulling roller ear th

32、e bevel gear of the speed changing box; Above the stem pulling roller and spike picking are a group of driving chains, the power is transmitted from stem pulling roller to spike picking roller to pick the spikes. In The input axis of the spike picking gearbox lies the small chainwheel and pulley,it

33、functions as transmitting the power to cluster transportation reciprocating type cutter. 3.2.2 Vertical Spike Picking Roller Vertical spike picking is completed while corn ear are drooping, compared to the average Horizontal spike picking, the picked cluster can quickly break away from spike picki

34、ng roller, greatly reduce the breakage rate and the loss rate of grain. In order to strengthen the ability stem pulling and spike picking, behind the spike picking roller are in pairs stem pulling roller , can pull stem while stalks, force feeding the stalks to hobbing cutter to chop,make the convey

35、ing of stalks unobstructed and not jam between the spike picking roller and hobbing cutter. The plane lies in the two Axis of vertical spike picking device and its vertical plane forerake the degree of 25°􀌚35°, maize plants enter into verticalspike picking roller pick spike through gripping

36、conveying feeding device by gripping. Plant in arc block under the effect of arc-shaped bluegrass board with picking spike into 50 °~ roller line 70 ° Angle. Due to the ascension of spike picking roller, between the plants of which spike are picked and spike picking roller there exist a vertical Ang

37、le and the plants are transported backward to chopping cylinder to chop. Figure 5. sketch of power drive 1.Pulley 2.Big sprocket 3.Small sprocket 4.Spike picking gearbox 5.Chopping gearbox 6.Double sprocket 7.Middle sprocket After plenty of indoor performance test, this design determines the d

38、iameter of vertical spike picking roller as 84mm,the speed of the spike picking roller is 1080r/min. 3.2.3 Chopping Cylinder (1) the determination of the feeding entrance width The productivity of the stalks chopping are calculated by the following type : (5)

39、 Where: Q— Productivity of the design, the value is 30000kg/h; Kc—Fill factor of the feeding stalks, the value is 0.6; l—Chopping length, the values is 25mm; —The numberof moving blade, and design the value for four pieces; —Speed of mainshaft, and design the value for 2100r/min; Yc—Unit weig

40、ht of stalks after campaction, and design the value for400 kg/m3; b —The feeding entrance length, design the value for 510mm. Substitue the above data into the above type,we obtained: a = 1.96 mm , in this design we select a = 20mm. (2) The determination of the chopping cylinder The chopping cyl

41、inder diameter are obtained by the following type: (6) (7) Where: D—the chopping cylinder diameter; v—Linear velocity in the two endpoint of the blade line of the moving blade —Moving blade line two endpo

42、ints, design value for linear 25m/s; The chopping cylinder speed, the design value is 2100r/min. Substitue the above data into the above type we obtained that the chopping cylinder diamete is 227mm, in this design we select chopping cylinder diameter for 680 mm. 3.3. Helicinae and Throwing Apparat

43、us As Figure 6 shows, helicinae and throwing apparatus is mainly comprised of auger conveyor, throwing impeller and throwing canister, etc. And the auger conveyor is mainly made up of plummer block, augering trough, augering axle, augering blade and augering axle pulleys, etc.. Basic Dimensions fo

44、r Auger Conveyor Auger conveyor pass through the bottom of the driving cab,according to operating requirements ,make augering trough L= 720mm augering axis diameter d = 60mm , augering blade diameter r = 270mm, Screw torque S = 250mm Figure 6. Sketch of helicinae and throwing apparatus 1. Plumm

45、er block 2. Augering trough 3.Augering axle 4. Augering blade 5. Impeller seaming 6.Impeller shaft 4. Feld Experiment and Analysis of the Results 4.1 Test Condition We chose click on ChangYi farm, WeiFang city, ShanDong province as the Test site .The Plots are a no-till seeding Corn land in one

46、 year two ripe area. The row spacing are 275mm, line spacing are 650 mm, the corn plant height are2520mm and the stem diameter is 25 mm, the lowest height for ear are 920mm, bending rate is 2.6%, plant lodging rate is less than 2%, cluster prolapse rate is 2%, maize yield rate is 5912kg / hm2, moist

47、ure content of the stalks is 75%. 4.2 Test Method According to the quality inspection index of the harvest quality of corn combine established by the master station of farm machinery test of Ministry of Agriculture, performance test content of harvest quality includes the forward speed of the mach

48、ine, kernel lossing rate, cluster lossing rate, kernel crushing ratio, working productivity, etc. the main inspection factors are the test program of corn harvest machine and the test items and test method of corn harvest machine [14-15]. 4.3 Test Results and Analysis During the test process ,the

49、prototype operates smoothly, safely and reliably, the working parts can effectively completed picking, rising and transportation, setting into the box, stalks cutting, conveying, chopping, throwing and collection and root crop crushing of corn grain. The stubble height of corn straw are tidy; Grippi

50、ng conveying works smoothly, and reliably; The length of the stalks are tidy even after they are chopped, and can satisfy the tidy and the requirements of Silage process. The main operation performance index of the Prototype are shown. which can meet the design requirements. 5 Conclusions (1) On t

51、he basis of a large number of testing ,we optimized 4YQZ - 3A Combine Harvester for Corn, and solved the adaptability of different line spacing range from 500mm to 800mm , finally have improved the reliability of the stem gripping delivery mechanism.(2) Developed the applicable corn harvest machine

52、chassis and serializationed and modularized vertical spike picking shredding mechanism, Chopped stalks are casted by helicinae and throwing apparatus, the structure is simple and it operate smoothly, safely and reliablely.(3)This machine can once completed picking, rising and transportation, setting

53、 into the box, stalks cutting, conveying, chopping, throwing and collection and root crop crushing of corn grain. Field test shows that the economic technology indexes of this machine reaches relevant national standards, and also provides applicable new aircraft thefor the recycling of stalks, the d

54、evelopment of animal husbandry and increase of peasants income .  4YQZ-3A玉米聯(lián)合收割機的設計與實驗 張茜茹 董有福 張道林 （海南島大學機械電子工程學院 海南省 儋州 zhangxirui_999@） 摘要-由于秸稈在收貨時低的利用率問題，飼料是畜牧業(yè)和玉米收獲機收獲玉米稈和穗在操作時要克服的實際問題，4YQZ3A聯(lián)合收割機的設計，分析和更好的夾持輸送機構，垂直采摘和砧板刀具，蝸桿和投擲設備。在玉米收獲季節(jié)，大量的性能測試，并在現(xiàn)場進行了生產(chǎn)

55、評估，指出了關鍵部件的參數(shù)。通過實驗取得的成果表明，整機具有更好的性能，并能完成收割玉米稈和穗。 關鍵詞- 玉米收獲機；采摘和脫粒收割機；設計；實驗 1 介紹 玉米是我國第二大糧食作物，占據(jù)著重要的在糧食生產(chǎn)中的地位[1]。玉米秸稈包含大量的粗蛋白，粗脂肪，纖維的營養(yǎng)成分，等，因此，它是一種高品質(zhì)的最完美的牧草動物畜牧業(yè)，全國每年生產(chǎn)的玉米秸稈約60000噸，這是一個潛力巨大的飼草源[4]。玉米收割機收獲玉米稈和穗在玉米果穗和秸稈收獲的時間內(nèi)完成，所以它具有顯著的經(jīng)濟，社會和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的效率[5-6]。目前，玉米收獲機收獲玉米秸稈和脫粒發(fā)展很慢，國內(nèi)模型主要是懸掛式。由于動力不足，產(chǎn)量低效

56、率以及稻草清潔，但一直迅速晉升[7-8]。國外機型主要是烏克蘭KCKY星系列玉米收獲機和玉米團結收獲機械發(fā)展肯普公司在德國，由于凌亂的留茬高度和更高的價格，這種類型的空氣工藝不適合中國國情的[9-11]。 基金項目：公益性（農(nóng)業(yè)）科學研究基金發(fā)行（200903059-04） 在此基礎上的“十五”國家科技攻關滑車在科學技術研究，在這篇文章中的關鍵問題4YQZ-3A聯(lián)合收割機的設計，它結合了現(xiàn)有的玉米收獲和青貯玉米機械化技術和改進的設計和優(yōu)化的組合各工作裝置。在收獲玉米耳的3A4YQZ的聯(lián)合收割機也可以完成切割，輸送，切碎收集和塊根作物破任務和的普及和應用陽離子等;這種技術，我們就可以解決問題

57、的玉米秸稈回收和減少秸稈資源的浪費，并提高秸稈焚燒造成的環(huán)境和土壤污染。其中，秸稈回收，可以提供高品質(zhì)的牲畜飼料，減少過度依賴牧場，所以這種技術具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義我國的日益發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)及相關行業(yè)。 2 總體機構和主要技術指標 2.1 整體結構和工作原理 在圖1中所示，4YQZ-3A玉米聯(lián)合收割機主要由夾持傳送機制，穗采摘裝置，干碎紙機制的，鑄鐵缸，收集箱，干粉碎箱，柜臺現(xiàn)場設備和蝸桿和運輸裝置的秸稈等，這機可一次完成的上升和運輸，采摘，設置入禁區(qū)，秸稈切割，輸送，切碎，投擲收集和塊根作物玉米破碎糧食。雖然機械操作，細分面玉米植株，往復切割機切割植物，夾緊鏈夾玉米植株根自拔然后傳達給垂直穗

58、采摘輥摘下耳，玉米果穗被輸送到穗收集箱傳遞機制;秸稈剁成垂直滾刀拉莖輥背后，和鑄造鑄造設備干粉碎箱;玉米根系被破壞計數(shù)器現(xiàn)場設備。 2.2 機器的技術指標 根據(jù)斬波的要求和青貯玉米秸稈的工藝和功能特點原型的要求，主要技術參數(shù)確定為表1。 表1 主要技術參數(shù)的4YQZ-3A結合收割機 參數(shù) 數(shù)值 參數(shù) 數(shù)值估值 外形尺寸（長×寬×高度）/米 7100×2500×3600 最小離地 高/米 210 整個機器重量/公斤 5090 轉速穗采摘輥/ R·min-1 1080 交配電源/千瓦 88.2 秸稈采摘/R?min-1 2100 數(shù)量收成行/行

59、 3 前進速度在收獲/平方公里?H-1 1.3?3.5 改編間距/米 500?800 理論生產(chǎn)力/萬hm2?H-1 0.638 圖1 4YQZ-3玉米聯(lián)合收獲機結構示意圖 3 主要工作部件的設計 3.1夾持交貨機制 如圖2所示，把持傳送機制主要是制成連鎖垂直進給，被動鏈輪，張緊裝置，夾緊板，輸送鏈條和鏈輪，等等 當機器正在，米邦塔分離的和臺起相近分離的，然后帶動鏈輪驅(qū)動的被動鏈輪和強制喂料鏈運行，因此作為轉米邦塔把持傳送鏈，在此期間，切割機切斷的玉米植株，破碎的植物輸送鏈條和下夾持輸送撥號常用功能蘭草鏈式輸送機放回挑穗輥，張緊裝置是用來調(diào)整張緊裝置度，以便使

60、夾緊輸送機鏈秸稈夾持輸送鏈條更加穩(wěn)定可靠. 3.1.1 垂直進給鏈 垂直進給鏈下方的臺起相近分離，致力于與它的合作，強行喂食玉米植株不同行距。的速度的選擇垂直進給鏈有很大的影響，對植物夾緊傳輸。速度過快會使植物夾緊喂養(yǎng)的同一行內(nèi)，引起等現(xiàn)象干切斷或阻塞的發(fā)生，但是，在低速可喂食鏈就會消失的功能。 圖2夾持輸送機構 1垂直進給鏈 2 被動鏈輪 3張力設計 4 夾住板 5輸送鏈 從理論上講，速度的垂直進給鏈，級點的速度應該是平等的，行進的速度的機器，但在實際工作過程中的影響速度的垂直進給鏈的因素包括： ，本前耙鏈垂直進給，迫使光圈進給速度鏈的角度，之前，和條件等。在為了不使機器推下

61、來時，它踏著干，水平分速度的垂直進給鏈，應大于行進速度的機器。 圖3 輸送鏈速度分解 3.1.2夾持交貨鏈 當夾持輸送鏈，有必要以確保拼切的植物被輸送到摘穗輥及時，可靠的，并保持一定的距離之間的運輸?shù)闹参?，使穗采摘輥負荷平坦的。工作期間，選擇玉米植株速度分析在點o作為基準點，如圖3所示。 v其絕對速度誘導如下： (1) (2) 其中：夾持鏈的速度； (3)

62、 由式（2）和（3）我們知道， (4) 由式（4），而絕對速度，瓦特，點的方向擰緊鏈和角度水平線；而絕對速度和秸稈向前移動一定的角度，這將違背輸送玉米植物順暢。結合性能測試把持輸送在該字段中，當尺寸的屬于10°?20°，，這是最好的情況。 3.2垂直采摘的斬刀 垂直采摘和砧板刀具是一個重要的組成部分采摘棘莖，如在圖4中所示，此設備是垂直尖峰采摘制造輥，定刀，動刀，斬波缸等。 圖4 垂直采摘和砧板刀具 1．垂直穗采摘輥　 2．莖直立拉輥 　3．移動刀片　4．的固定刀　5．斬波缸 3.2.1動

63、力驅(qū)動的計劃 該計劃的動力驅(qū)動垂直采摘和砧板切割器如圖5所示，工作時，電源由發(fā)動機驅(qū)動的，切碎的放慢輸入軸變速箱通過滑輪和雙鏈輪，電源通過一組傘齒輪驅(qū)動碎紙機制運行;留下的印章變速箱是駕駛的一組傳輸鏈（中等尺寸和大尺寸的鏈輪）秒殺采摘切碎變速箱的電源，然后再除以干拉輥耳錐齒輪的速度改變框上面拉莖輥和穗采摘一組驅(qū)動鏈，電力傳輸從拉莖輥摘穗輥挑尖峰。在在于穗采摘變速箱的輸入軸小鏈輪和皮帶輪，它的功能作為傳輸集群運輸往復式切割機的電源。 3.2.2垂直尖峰采摘的滾子 垂直穗采摘的同時完成玉米果穗下垂，穗采摘平均水平相比，拿起集群可以迅速脫離穗采摘輥，大大降低了破損率和損失率糧食。為了加強能力

64、干拔穗采摘，背后的秒殺采摘輥是成對干拉輥，拉干，而秸稈，喂養(yǎng)力滾刀砍秸稈，使輸送秸稈之間的通暢，不堵塞穗采摘滾子和滾齒刀。平面位于兩軸垂直穗采摘設備及其垂直平面前面角，玉米植物進入縱向的釘?shù)耐ㄟ^夾持采摘穗輥挑輸送料裝置夾持。在電弧塊廠圓弧形蘭草板的作用下，與采摘穗成50°?滾道線角70°。由于提升摘穗輥，植物之間的秒殺采摘，穗采摘滾存在一個垂直角度和植物被輸送斬波缸向后砍。 圖5　動力驅(qū)動草圖 1.皮帶輪 ２.大鏈輪　3．小鏈輪　4．小銷變速箱 5．大銷變速箱 6．雙鏈輪 7．中等鏈輪 大量的室內(nèi)性能試驗后，這樣的設計決定垂直摘穗輥的直徑為84毫米，的穗采摘輥的速度為1080r/m

65、in。 3.2.3削球氣缸 （1）測定進料入口寬度 秸稈切碎的生產(chǎn)率的計算方法以下類型： (5) 其中：Ｑ－生產(chǎn)力的設計，值是30000公斤/小時； Kc—饋送秸稈填充因子，該值是0.6； 　 ｌ－斬波長度，其值是25mm； ｚ－動葉片的數(shù)量，并設計了4枚的值； 　 N—主軸轉速和設計值2100r/min； 　 Ｙ－單位重量的秸稈，設計的價值為400 kg/m3； B—喂養(yǎng)入口長度，設計的值510毫米。 代換上述數(shù)據(jù)代入上述類型的，我們保持ａ= 1.96毫米，在這個設計中

66、，我們選擇一個ａ=20毫米。 （2）確定斬波缸 通過下面的斷續(xù)的氣缸直徑類型： (6) (7) 其中：D-砍氣缸直徑; v-在動葉片的葉片的線的兩個端點的線速度 n-動刀線的兩個端點，設計值，n為線性的25米/秒砍缸速度，設計值是2100r/min。 代換的上述數(shù)據(jù)代入所獲得的上述類型的斬波筒是227毫米的，在本設計我們選擇砍氣缸直徑為680毫米。 3.3　蝸桿和投擲裝置 如圖6所示，蝸桿和投擲裝置主要由螺旋輸送機，拋葉輪和投擲筒，等螺旋輸送主要由軸承座，螺旋鉆槽，螺旋鉆軸，螺旋鉆葉片和螺旋鉆軸的滑輪等。 基本尺寸螺旋輸送機 螺旋輸送機通過駕駛室的底部，根據(jù)經(jīng)營要求，使螺旋鉆槽L =720毫米螺旋鉆軸的直徑d= 60mm，螺旋鉆鋸片直徑R =270毫米，螺桿扭矩S =250毫米的。 圖6 素描的蝸桿和投擲裝置 1.直立式軸承座2.螺旋鉆槽3.螺旋鉆軸4.螺旋