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1、走向高考走向高考 英語英語路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索吾將上下而求索人教版人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) 高考總復(fù)習(xí)高考總復(fù)習(xí) 寫作素能培養(yǎng)寫作素能培養(yǎng) 第三部分第三部分第十一講解讀圖表信息，第十一講解讀圖表信息，穩(wěn)固構(gòu)建圖表作文穩(wěn)固構(gòu)建圖表作文第二部分第二部分 圖表作文是高考書面表達(dá)較常見的考查形式之一，要求考生通過對數(shù)據(jù)、文字內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析，對前后變化、正反觀點進(jìn)行對比，或者對某產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行介紹，系統(tǒng)而準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出圖表所示內(nèi)容，并得出令人信服的結(jié)論。從體裁看，主要有說明文、議論文和應(yīng)用文。在該文體中常常使用一般現(xiàn)在時。 一、試題特征 1表格式 表格式書面表達(dá)就是將統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)或被說明

2、的事物直接以統(tǒng)計表的形式呈現(xiàn)出來。這類題目往往是介紹某種情況或辯論某種觀點與看法，體裁以說明文和議論文為主。 2圖形式 主要有以下三種形式： (1)表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的曲線圖。 (2)表示數(shù)據(jù)大小或數(shù)量之間差異的柱狀圖。 (3)表示總體結(jié)構(gòu)變化的餅狀圖。 二、寫作步驟(三段論) 1開門見山，點明圖表要反映的主題。 2中間段落對圖表的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析，可采用分類或?qū)Ρ葋肀憩F(xiàn)主題，并闡明必要的理由。在敘述中切忌反復(fù)使用同一句型，忌反復(fù)出現(xiàn)圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)。 3發(fā)表自己的觀點，對全文進(jìn)行小結(jié)。 三、注意事項 1認(rèn)真閱讀和掌握圖表提供的信息，弄清設(shè)計者想通過圖表來反映的信息、問題或現(xiàn)象。對于曲線圖形式，要認(rèn)真觀察坐

3、標(biāo)系所顯示的數(shù)據(jù)信息，并密切注意交匯在坐標(biāo)橫軸和縱軸上的數(shù)字及單位；對柱狀圖和餅狀圖，要通過寬度相等的柱形的高度差別和各部分所占比例來判斷事物的動態(tài)發(fā)展趨勢，關(guān)注坐標(biāo)線的刻度單位及圖表旁邊的提示說明。 2在掌握了全部信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著手分析這些信息或數(shù)據(jù)，通過分析對比，找出不同點和相似點。 四、常用句式 1描述圖表中的變化與發(fā)展趨勢 快速上升：rise(increase/go up)sharply(rapidly/quickly/ dramatically) 緩慢下降：decrease(reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall) slowly (gradually)

4、2闡述事實的句式 As is apparently shown in the pie chart/graph/table above. 正如上面餅狀圖/曲線圖/表格所明顯呈現(xiàn)的 As far as.is concerned，much progress has been made. 就而言，已經(jīng)取得了很大進(jìn)步。 There is an increase of about.percent，compared with. 與相比較，大約增加了 50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with.，while only 40% of them

5、 are satisfied with. 在調(diào)查中有50%的人對滿意，而僅有40%的人對滿意。 By comparison with.，it decreased(fell)/increased from.to. 和相比，從減少/增加到 It is obvious from the graph/chart that.rank the first /highest，while.turn out to be the lowest. 圖中清楚顯示是排在第一位/最高的，而結(jié)果最低。 3表達(dá)原因的句式 The reason why/for.is that. 的原因是 One may think of th

6、e change as a result of. 人們可能把這種變化認(rèn)作是的結(jié)果。 The change in.largely results from the fact that. 在上的變化很大程度上是由的事實造成的。 First/Firstly/To begin with.；Second/Secondly/And then/ Next.；Finally/Last but not least/Apart from the above reasons. 首先；其次；最后/最后但同樣重要的是/除了上述原因 It is because of.that. 由于才 4歸納總結(jié)或發(fā)表評論的句式 in

7、a word(總之)/in short(簡而言之)/generally speaking(總的說來)/to sum up(總之，概括地說)/in conclusion總之，最后/in summary總之 From what has been discussed above，we can draw the conclusion that. 從以上的討論我們可以得出結(jié)論， Obviously/Apparently，if we want to.，it is necessary to do/that. 很明顯，如果我們想，是有必要的。 There is no doubt that attention

8、must be paid to. 毫無疑問，我們必須注意 I suggest the government take effective measures to. 我建議政府應(yīng)該采取有效措施來 All in all，it is.that leads to the phenomenon. 總而言之，是導(dǎo)致了這種現(xiàn)象。 下圖是某大學(xué)教授對其學(xué)生是否成功的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及人們對于這種觀點的看法。請根據(jù)所給內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文。 核心詞匯： 做一個調(diào)查：conduct a survey 衡量成功：judge ones success 恥辱和失?。簊hame and failure 反對某人的觀點：oppo

9、se ones view 掙錢：make money 發(fā)表觀點：voice ones opinion 用合理的方法：in a reasonable way 要點四：在接受調(diào)查的人群中，觀點不同。 Opinions are divided/different/vary among the surveyed people. 要點五：正如上面餅狀圖所示，70%的人反對這位老師的觀點。 Just as the pie chart shows,70% of them oppose the teachers view. 要點六：他們認(rèn)為老師不應(yīng)該用金錢來評判他們的學(xué)生。 They think that t

10、eachers shouldnt judge their students success by money. 要點七：25%的人認(rèn)為這是鼓勵學(xué)生多賺錢的好方法。 25% of them think this is a good way to encourage students to make more money. 要點八：還有一些人沒有發(fā)表他們的觀點。 There are also a few people who dont voice/express their opinions. 要點九：就我看來，我們應(yīng)該用一種理性的方法來理解成功。 In my opinion/As far as

11、I am concerned，we should understand success in a reasonable way. 要點十：金錢肯定是衡量成功的一種方式。 Money is certainly one way to measure success. 要點十一：金錢不是衡量成功的唯一方式。 Money is not the only way to measure success. 升級句式二：用形式主語it改寫要點三中的狀語從句 It can be seen from the picture that a teacher says that a student without 40

12、 million yuan at the age of 40 means shame and failure. 升級句式三：用what引導(dǎo)的主語從句改寫要點五 What the pie chart shows is that 70% of them oppose the teachers view. 升級句式四：把要點八的定語從句改成非謂語結(jié)構(gòu) There are also a few people not voicing/expressing their opinions. 升級句式五：把要點十中的certainly改成it is certain that. It is certain th

13、at money is one way to measure success. One possible version: Recently，a survey has been conducted about whether a teacher should judge his students success by the money they have earned. As can be seen from the picture，a teacher says that a student without 40 million yuan at the age of 40 means sha

14、me and failure.But opinions are divided among the surveyed people.Just as the pie chart shows,70% of them oppose the teachers view.They think that teachers shouldnt judge their students success by money，while 25% of them think this is a good way to encourage students to make more money.There are als

15、o a few people who dont voice their opinions. As far as I am concerned，we should understand success in a reasonable way.Money is certainly one way to measure success，but it is not the only way. (2015河南省實驗中學(xué)模擬) 假設(shè)最近你在自己的班級就校服問題進(jìn)行了調(diào)查(survey)。下面是調(diào)查的統(tǒng)計表。請你參照該統(tǒng)計表給校報寫一篇有關(guān)校服問題調(diào)查的報告，并簡要闡述自己的觀點。意見類型百分比原因贊同50

16、顏色好，整齊大方，符合年齡特征和學(xué)生身份，不盲目趕時髦，能顯示平等和諧氛圍。不贊同30顏色，款式和樣式等不能彰顯個性。無所謂20服從學(xué)校安排，并不在意其他因素。 注意：1.報告須包括本調(diào)查表中的主要內(nèi)容，并可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)使內(nèi)容連貫。 2詞數(shù)100字左右。 3參考詞匯：趕時髦follow fashion; 校服school uniform _ _ _ _ _ 答案：I did a survey about our school uniform. I asked some of my classmates what they thought about our school uniform. H

17、ere is the brief report about it. The majority are in favor of our school uniform, thinking it very fashionable and its color nice. They also think it is neat and tidy, and suits the students. In some students opinion, when they wear our school uniform they feel equal. Besides, there is no need for

18、them to follow fashion. However, 30 percent dont agree, arguing that they feel it uncomfortable and oldfashioned. Whats more, its style is too simple, lacking personality. The rest of the students dont care about it, saying it is the only best choice to obey the school rules. In my opinion, its better to have a discussion about the school uniform, and if possible, to hold a DIY competition among students beforehand is even a better way.