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2019中考英語(yǔ)閱讀練習(xí)（八）及答案 第一部分：完形填空 BEIJING—The sky is gray and air smells strange. It’s another day of smog. On Saturday, heavy haze（霾）still covered north and east China. Highways were closed and 1 couldn’t take off on time. The smoggy weather 2 the country’s land from north to south, including Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, and 6 other provinces. People could only see clearly 3 than 50 meters in some areas. Cities 4 Shanghai and Nanjing have been covered by the gray sky for the past several days. Many walkers in the street had to wear 5 . In the Lukou airport in Nanjing, more than 60 flights were canceled(取消) on Saturday 6 the haze, which also made primary and middle schools and kindergartens stop 7 on Thursday and Friday in Nanjing. The office worker of Environmental Protection said earlier this week that there were several 8 reasons behind the widespread haze: unpleasant weather conditions making 9 difficult for smog to disappear, motor vehicle exhaust（尾氣）, and coal use for winter heating. To fight pollution, the Chinese government now plans to clean up the air by cutting coal use, 10 some factories, and removing 6 million old cars from the roads. “We must face up to the facts,” said Yan Naiqiang, a professor of environmental science at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. “The treatment of smog will be a long fight. From now on, if we use buses or cars less and do more riding, we believe a clear sky is not a faraway dream.” 1. A. coaches B. trains C. flights D. double-deckers 2. A. afforded B. affected C. admired D. announced 3. A. less B. more C. farther D. nearer 4. A. in B. like C. around D. outside 5. A. hats B. gloves C. sunglasses D. masks 6. A. besides B. except C. because of D. for 7. A. classes B. rest C. work D. shopping 8. A. mainly B. mostly C. main D. most 9. A. that B. this C. one D. it 10. A. close B. closing C. open D. opening 【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D； （6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）B； 【考點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類，社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類，新聞報(bào)道類 【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了日益嚴(yán)重的霧霾天氣給許多方面造成了影響，也影響著人們的健康。政府為了對(duì)抗霧霾開始采取措施治理空氣污染。當(dāng)然這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過(guò)程，需要大家的共同努力。 （1）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。高速公路被關(guān)閉,航班不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛。A馬車；B火車；C航班；D巴士。根據(jù)句意，故選 C。 （2）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。煙霧彌漫的天氣從北到南影響著中國(guó)。A買得起；B影響；C崇拜；D宣布。根據(jù)句意，故選B,影響。 （3）考查固定詞組及語(yǔ)境的理解。在一些地區(qū)人們僅能看清50米以內(nèi)的東西。less than ,少于，不到more than多于，超過(guò)。根據(jù)句意，故選A。 （4）考查介詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。在過(guò)去幾天像上海和南京這樣的城市都被灰色的天空覆蓋著。根據(jù)句意，故選B，像。 （5）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。許多街上的行人不得不戴著口罩。A帽子；B手套；C太陽(yáng)鏡；D面具，口罩。根據(jù)句意，故選D，口罩，面具。 （6）考查介詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。因?yàn)殛庼苍谥芰暇┑摽跈C(jī)場(chǎng)的,60多個(gè)航班被取消。根據(jù)句意，故選C，因?yàn)?，介詞短語(yǔ)。 （7）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。這也使得在南京的中小學(xué)和幼兒園在周四和周五停課。A課；B休息；C工作；D購(gòu)物。根據(jù)句意，學(xué)校停止的是上課，故選A，課。 （8）考查形容詞詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。廣泛陰霾背后有幾個(gè)主要的原因。most 大部分，main，主要的。形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故選C。 （9）考查代詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。使霧難以消失的令人不快的天氣情況，尾氣，用于冬季取暖的煤。it代替動(dòng)詞不定式做形式賓語(yǔ)，故選D。 （10）考查動(dòng)名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。為了對(duì)抗污染,中國(guó)政府現(xiàn)在計(jì)劃清理空氣，主要通過(guò)減少煤炭使用,關(guān)閉一些工廠,和禁止600萬(wàn)舊汽車上路。A關(guān)閉，動(dòng)詞原形；B關(guān)閉，動(dòng)名詞；C打開，動(dòng)詞原形；D打開，動(dòng)名詞。By doing sth通過(guò)做某事，根據(jù)句意，故選B，關(guān)閉。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】環(huán)境保護(hù)類短文。 第二部分 A The world has many beautiful sounds. We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And it’s all because of our ears! They bring us a world of sounds. But some people can’t hear any sound at all. Some are born deaf. Others can hear well in their childhood, nut too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on. Many people in China can’t hear ordinary sounds clearly. Lots of them are children. Most of them are born with good hearing. But six children of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And if a children has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have some learning problems at school. A lot of things can cause fearing problems, like, too much earwax is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels (分貝) can hurt our ears and make us lose our hearing for a short time or even for ever. Hearing is important for all of us. So we should do our best to give our ears special care. Don’t forget to do the following: ◎ Try to stay away from places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs. ◎ When swimming, remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in. ◎ Never put anything sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your parents to help you clean it out. Keep these things in mind. Then you won’t be saying “WHAT? WHAT?” when you are older. 1. What does the underlined word “earwax” mean in the passage? A. 耳膜 B. 耳鳴 C. 耳垢 D. 耳疾 2. Which of the following is NOT talked by the writer? A. Illness and hearing problems. B. people with hearing problems. C. Ways to protect our ears. D. Danger of loud noise. 3. ____________ is/are bad for our ears. A. A little earwax B. Earplugs C. All noise D. Noise louder than 85 decibels 4. The underlined sentence means ___________. A. When you get older, you know it’s not polite to ask “What?”. B. When you get older, you still have good hearing. C. When you get older, you won’t ask questions. D. When you get older, you will have fewer questions. 參考答案1C 2A 3D 4B B Many of us don’t pay attention to the importance of eye care. It’s said that if you take care of your body, then you can be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, gene(基因) and aging(年齡增長(zhǎng)). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a rest every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful thing. For example, sunglasses are not just fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays. Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins(維生素) A、C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly(規(guī)律地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time. All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person’s eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選出最佳答案。 1. __________ is the most important way to protect our eyes. A. Natural eye care B. Taking medicine C. Seeing the doctor D. Being happy all the time 2. All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except _________. A. age B. height C. reading D. computer 3. What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer? A. Eat healthy foods. B. Clean the eyes by using cold water. C. Wear a pair of sunglasses. D. Have a rest after working for a while. 4. What do the under words “UV rays” mean? A. 沙土 B. 閃電 C. 紫外線 D. 超聲波 5. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Ways of Eye Care B. Ways of Eye Exercises C. Way of Being be Happy D. Way of Being Healthy 參考答案1A 2B 3D 4C 5A C Did you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before? “There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986,” said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global(全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74℃, the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4℃ in only 50 years. China needs to take quick action to cut carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)emission(排放), because it’s the main reason for global warming. The good news is that China has seen the importance of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20% and pollution emission by 10% in the 11th Five-Year plan. Can you slow global warming? Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the air. Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth. Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother’s, or sister’s or dad’s old T-shirt means you save the energy. Change your light bulbs(燈泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use! Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets. Don’t use the air conditioner. When you have to use the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energy. Make small changes in your daily life. Don’t use paper cups, bags and boxes. It’s time for all of us to do something to save the earth. 1. The main reason for global warming is _________. A. The oil B. carbon dioxide C. paper cups, bags and boxes. D. television and computers 2. The word “energy” in the second paragraph means “___________”. A. 活力 B. 干勁 C. 精力 D. 能源 3. How many pieces of advice are there in this passage? A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six 4. Which of the following is true? A. It’s a pity to wear your dad’s old T-shirt. B. Using air conditioners may be a waste of energy. C. Taking a bus wastes a lot of oil every year. D. Using paper bags saves energy a lot. 5. The passage is mainly about the ways to _________. A. slow down global warming B. make energy C. change our daily life D. change the world weather 參考答案BDCBA