Module 8 My future life 模塊語法專練 賓語從句 1.賓語從句的語序。 賓語從句的語序都必須用陳述句語序,即“主語+謂語”的形式。如果賓語從句是疑問句,必須去掉助動(dòng)詞,行為動(dòng)詞要做相應(yīng)的變化。 注意:如果疑問句中疑問詞作主語,變成賓語從句時(shí),語序不再發(fā)生變化。例如: I don’t know what has happened to you.我不知道你發(fā)生了什么事。 2.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)。 當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以根據(jù)句意選擇任何時(shí)態(tài);當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),從句的時(shí)態(tài)選用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。 注意:當(dāng)從句所表達(dá)的是客觀真理、名人名言等時(shí),盡管主句用過去時(shí)態(tài),從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 3.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 主句和從句之間,一般用引導(dǎo)詞連接。常見的有三類引導(dǎo)詞:that;if,whether;what,who,which,where,how,why等。 注意: (1)在口語和非正式文體中that常省略,但當(dāng)從句的主語為that或當(dāng)主、從句之間有插入語時(shí),that不能省略。 (2)在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think,guess,believe,suppose,suggest,expect等,否定前移。例如: I don’t think he will come tonight.我認(rèn)為今晚他不會(huì)來。 定語從句 1.定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 引導(dǎo)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞who,that,which等和關(guān)系副詞when,why等,它們?cè)诙ㄕZ從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分,同時(shí)還起著連接作用。who,whom指人,通常在從句中分別作主語和賓語;whose在從句中常作主語的定語,既可指人又可指物,表示“誰的……”;that既可指人也可指物,在句中作主語或賓語等;which用來指物,作主語或賓語。 2.關(guān)系詞只用that不用which的情況: (1)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾,或本身為序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、不定代詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)。 (2)主句是以who,which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)。 (3)先行詞中同時(shí)含有人和物時(shí)。 Ⅰ.將下列句子改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句 1.Jane isn’t good at science.I think. I　don’t　think Jane　is　　good　　at　science. 2.The simple clothes can last a long time.My parents said. My parents said the simple clothes　could　　last　a long time. 3.Whose schoolbag is on the desk?Father asked. Father asked　whose　schoolbag　was　on the desk. 4.Does the earth go around the sun?Susan wanted to know. Susan wanted to know　if/whether　the earth　goes　around the sun. 5.“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter. The reporter asked　who　　was　responsible for the food safety problem. Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 (D)1.—Could you tell me　　　　? —At nine o’clock,in ten minutes. A.how will he leave B.when he has left C.why he is leaving D.when he will leave (C)2.—Excuse me,could you please tell me　　　　the Science Museum? —Sure.Go along the street and turn left.It’s next to Bank of China. A.when I can get to B.when can I get to C.how I can get to D.how can I get to (D)3.—Why are you so worried? —I’ve lost the watch　　　　my dad bought me on my birthday. A.what B.who C.whose D.which (B)4.Have you heard about the TV programme Readers　　　　is very popular now? A.who B.which C.where D.when (A)5.The man　　　　called yesterday wants to buy the house. A.who B.what C.which D.whose